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Frontispiece 


LONDON 
TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


OF THE XVIII CENTURY 


AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR ORIGIN AND USE 


BY 


AMBROSE HEAL 

























































































NEW YORK 
CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS 
1925 





This work is published in the United — 

States of America by Charles Scribner’s 
Sons, New York, andin Great Britain = 
by B. T. Batsford Ltd., London. - ied 
The American Edition is limited to 
250 copies. Sse 


Printed in England sg 
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PREFACE 


Ir is perhaps remarkable that no book has hitherto been published 
dealing with Tradesmen’s Cards. That they appeal to collectors is 
evidenced by the attention paid to examples which happen to come 
up for sale in the Auction Rooms; and that they have interest and 
charm for those with antiquarian tastes—or, indeed, any esthetic tastes 
at all—is apparent when a portfolio of them is shown. 


Not only has no book ever been published on the subjed, but 
references in archeological journals and collectors’ magazines are of 
the scantiest nature and hard to track. The would-be student of these 
engravings has little or no information to help him when gauging the 
possibilities that a collection of this nature might afford. 


It is with the intention, therefore, of making known the interests 
that are to be found in these Cards, and the hope that some infor- 
mation on the origins and uses of them may be useful, that this 
book has been compiled. To those who are already collectors, many 
of wider knowledge and more experience than mine, I cannot hope 
to bring much of interest. From these who know how wide the 
range of the subject is, I hope I may claim indulgence for any omis- 
sions in my selection of examples. To represent adequately all the 
vatieties of types and the immense number of trades within the 
compass of a single volume is well-nigh impossible. 


To the courteous officials of the Print Room and Library at the 
British Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum I owe much 
help, and I gladly acknowledge all the ready assistance I have received _ 
from the Librarians of the Guildhall, the Bishopsgate Institute, and 
many other London libraries. 


The kindness of the Countess of Mayo has allowed me frequent 
access to the collections of the late Hon. Gerald Ponsonby; and many 
others, notably Lord Winterton, Dr. Philip Norman, Mr. Paul de 
Castro, Mr. E. Beresford Chancellor, Mr. John Charrington, Mr. D. 
Citroen, Mr. Arthur Hill, and Mr. Howard Levis, have given me 
valuable information. 


vi PREFACE 


The notes on Heraldry and Costume are the work of E. F. D. H., 
whose erudition on these and most other subjects connected with the 
work has been continually under contribution. 


The instigator of the book was Mr. A. J. A. Symons, Director of 
the First Edition Club, to whose relentless insistence its appearance 
is largely due; to him, also, I owe grateful acknowledgements for 
reading the proofs. It is, however, mainly the enthusiastic collabo- 
ration of Messrs. Batsford and the nucleus collection of plates got 
together some years before the war by the late Mr. Herbert Batsford 
and Mr. Percy J. Smith that have made the publication of the book 
in its present ample form at all possible. 


Beaconsfield, April, 1925. AGH. 


CONTENTS 


PAGE 


FRONTISPIECE Facing title-page 
PREFACE Vv 
eek, THE PURPOSES AND INTERESTS OF 


uk. 
ee 


Ne 


Vil 
VOL. 


TRADESMEN’S CARDS I 
THEIR HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT 9 


SHOP SIGNS AND THE TRADESMEN’S 
CARDS 14 


ARMS, EFFIGIES, AND OTHER EMBLEMS, 
WITH A LIST OF THOSE COMMONLY 
EMPLOYED 18 


ARCHITECTURE AND COSTUME 26 


. CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS, » 


WITH MEMORANDA OF THEIR OC- 
CURRENCE ) 36 


HOGARTH TRADE CARDS 63 
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES, WITH NOTES — 67-92 


PLATES I-CI. 


INDEX 


93 





Poe 


CHAPTER 


THE PURPOSES AND INTERESTS OF 
TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


TRADESMEN’S CARDS—or the shorter form, ‘Trade Cards’—is 
the term in most general use for the engravings which form the 
subject of this monograph. It is not altogether a satisfactory term, 
and when applied to the early examples it is an inaccurate one, for 
these were not confined to the use of tradesmen, nor were they of 
pasteboard. 

It is, however, better than the alternatives, ‘Tradesmen’s Bills’ or 
‘Shopkeepers’ Bills,’ although the latter was the one used by the 
eighteenth-century tradesman himself, for we find the printers who 
supplied them called themselves ‘Engravers of Shopkeepers’ Bills.’ 
It has not seemed expedient to revive this form, for they were used 
not solely by shopkeepers and for other purposes than for accounts. 
Nor does ‘ Tradesmen’s Bills’ commend itself. Strictly, the word 
‘bill’ has the sense of a placard or advertisement, but more generally 
bears less pleasant associations which might deter the collector. 

‘ Tradesmen’s Cards,’ therefore, best meets the case, despite the fact 
that they were not cards, but sheets of paper ranging up to folio size. 
This isthe term, moreover, sanctioned and now invariably used by those 
erudite gentlemen who compile the Book Sales catalogues and whose 
profound knowledgeis at once the admiration and despair of those who 
indulge in this insidious and delectableformof reading. Thetradesman’s 
catd with which we are familiar to-day is actually a card, and it is the 
impoverished descendant of the noble and distinguished-looking 
sheets which were in common use up till a hundred years ago. The 
reinforced variety on pasteboard was not generally adopted until the 
Victorian era, though I have seen one or two examples as early as 1780. 

The exact purpose of the Trade Card is not generally agreed 
upon. Some say that it was primarily as an account, and that it was 
frequently used for this purpose cannot be denied, for in many of 
the examples here shown the back of the Bill has been utilized in this 
way, and in many other instances, where space has permitted, the front 
of it has been so used also. That this was not its principal function 
I think is fairly conclusively shown by the fact that we find Tradesmen 
using the ordinary invoice heading for their accounts, and at the same 


B I 


2 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


time using the more ornate form of Trade Card for announcement 
purposes. Or, alternatively, one side will take the more elaborate 
form of the Trade Card, announcing a name and address, and 
setting forth a list of wares, while on the back of this will be a 
less decorative billheading starting off with the words ‘ Bought of’ 
and with ample space provided for the items of the account. Of these 
double-faced forms the one shown on Plate No. XLI. of Matthew 
Pearson, Haberdasher at the Roya/ Point in Tavistock Street, Covent 
Garden, is a good example. The illustration shows the more decora- 
tive and informing side, but on the back of this is a condensed billhead 
with an account made out in the name of Mrs. Garrick for lengths of 
dress material—‘Shaneal’ (Chenille), ‘'Taffety,’? ‘White Sattin,’ and 
so forth. This account is dated 1774, two years previous to David 
Garrick’s last appearance on the stage. 

As I have mentioned, there are numerous examples where the Trade 
Bill has been used for short accounts or for giving memoranda of 
prices, but when these occur on the face, it is only where the blank 
space provides an opportunity. At other times the back of the Bill 
is used for this purpose. More usually, and in all the best examples, 
the engraving giving the Trader’s name, his sign and his address, and 
the setting forth of the list of his wares occupies the whole of the face 
of the Bill, except for the well-proportioned margins which are an 
integral part of the design of all carefully planned pages. This 
announcement, then, of his shop is the first and principal use of the 
Tradesman’s Card, and much skill has gone to the making of it. 

Numerous as the examples ate which have been used for the 
purpose of accounts, by far the majority found in public and 
private collections have no writing on them at all, and in selecting 
examples for this book I have, whenever possible, given only those 
Cards which are not defaced by accounts. Where accounts occur on 
the backs of specimens I have not necessarily rejeCted them, for the 
accounts are often extremely interesting in themselves, giving the 
descriptions and the prices of goods, and fixing the dates when these 
forms were actually used. 

It is not always easy to assign accurate dates to Tradesmen’s 
Cards, for although they bear indications of their period, the same 
form lingered on for many years. The name of a firm does not 
necessarily change on the death of its proprietor, nor the Sovereign’s 
head on the Sign at the death of the reigning monarch. Queen Anne, 


PURPOSES AND INTERESTS 3 


though dead, still persisted on Trade Cards of the reign of George the 
Third. I have in my collection one delightful example of the un- 
daunted spirit long endeared to us by ‘The Vicar of Bray.’ This 
particular specimen emanated from a well-known firm of Blacking 
Manufacturers whose name is a household word and whose admirable 
product is happily still with us. The legend on this egregiously 
economical Billhead runs thus: 


*SsO AND SO, SO AND SO AND CO. 
BLACKING MANUFACTURERS TO MAJESTY’ 


No turn in the affairs of State found this astute manufaCturer of 
boot polish unprovided for—he just filled in the accommodating 
blank, ‘His’ or ‘Her’ as the case demanded, and went on gaily 
making blacking. 

Sometimes the Cards were called ‘ Shop-bills or Message-cards,’ but 
of their use as communications I have found no actual examples 
—merely contemporary references to the term. 

I have gone into this question of the right or primary use of the 
Tradesman’s Card rather fully, as it is apt to be misconceived, and the 
distinction between the Trade Card and the Billhead is not always 
easy to draw, but at least we may be sure that, however ornate and 
elaborate the form may be, if it contains the words ‘Bought of ....’ 
then we may know that it is a Billhead and no true Trade Card. 

So far, then, I have tried to define the term Trade Card, to justify 
the use of that term in preference to other names for it, and to describe 
its uses. I propose now to put forward some reasons why the Trade 
Card has an interest for any of us, and what is its particular interest for 
the collector. | 

I fully realize that the Tradesman’s Card is an advertisement. 
I have tried to show that its primary use is that of an advertisement. 
I make no higher claim for it than that, though I realize that the uses of 
advertisement are not sweet to all. Many of these uses and methods— 
one need not particularize further—are distasteful in the extreme. 
But the old time tradesman’s card is a Straightforward announcement 
of his wares: it tells you where they are to be found, it gives his name, 
the sign of his shop, or his number in the street. It does this without 
palaver, without unseemly parade, and without pretence that it is 
either a sermon or a novelette. It does it in aseemly way, often ina 
vety decorative and interesting way. It avoids those errors against 


4 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


good taste into which some of our modern advertisers are so easily 
beguiled. The lettering in the early examples is almost uniformly of 
a high standard of achievement; the design, or, as advertising men say, 
‘the layout,’ is dignified and well spaced, the ornament well drawn and 
the copper-plate engraving is highly accomplished. 

To anyone with a liking for old things the Trade Card must make 
an irresistible appeal. It is so convincingly of its own time. There 
is no affeation of the pseudo-antique, nor does it attempt to be 
cleverly up to date. It is the plain statement of the shopkeeper or 
merchant to his customer. It has the quaintness of its period, the 
characteristic phrasing, the picturesque quality of the old world wares, 
described by fine resonant names: Grograms, Padusoys, Callimancoes, 
Lutestrings, Prunellas and the like, long since fallen into disuse, but 
everyday words of their time. | 

The old Signs that hung over the shop doors and are reproduced 
on the Traders’ Cards are of great antiquity and interest. The names 
of the old streets, many of which have long since been swept away, 
such as ‘Knaves’ Acte,’ ‘Rosemary Lane,’ ‘Wendegaynlane,’ take 
one’s imagination quite apart from their historical or topographical 
connections. 

In those cases where an account is made out on the back there is 
the interest of comparing the prices of those days with our own. 

To come across an item like 


“154 yds Blue and White Clouded and Flower’d Lustring 
at 7/- a yard.’ 
or one that appears in another of Mrs. Garrick’s bills rendered by 
Jeremiah Hawkes, Mercer at The Wheatsheaf in ‘Tavistock Street, 
which reads 


“18 yds Pompadour strip’d and figured Sattin at 6/- a yard.’ 


is to be brought face to face with something which combines the 
quality of a romance and the excitement of a bargain sale. 

Apart from the archeological interests mentioned, Tradesmen’s 
Cards provide various records. The earlier examples, comprising the 
Sign of the house or a City Company, have distiné heraldic value. 
The later ones, wherein street scenes are frequently met with, illustrate 
architecture and costume. To the student of commetce they are 
first-hand evidence of markets and prices, to the artist they have a 
quality and a technique which is worth consideration. 


PURPOSES AND INTERESTS 5 


The collecting of these little engravings has a peculiar fascination. 
It leads along one of those pleasant, sequestered bypaths of that 
curiously detached country known only to collectors. One of its 
chief attractions is that it is so little frequented. To the man who 
likes to regard his collection as an investment, this form of collecting 
affords no opportunities—a display of his portfolios will fail to create 
any great impression on the bulk of his acquaintances. There are no 
highly sensational finds such as provide meat and drink to the 
collector of early editions—no First Folio in the ‘Tuppenny Box.’ To 
those who can deny themselves these fierce delights, to those who can 
afford to spend a little money and a good deal of patience on the 
pursuit—to the humble but keen colleétor—the Trade Card presents 
advantages which the better known branches of the collectors’ art 
do not enjoy. 

There are, of course, the disadvantages of this quality of modesty. 
The object of your search can elude you in a tantalizing way. Fre- 
quently you go into what looks like a promising little print shop, 
and the proprietor will not have heard of such a thing as a Trade 
Card. He regards you with polite tolerance mingled with suspicion. 
He wishes to give you the impression that he is more familiar with 
the term Art than that of Trade. The name does not command his 
respect. He allows you to leave his shop with little show of regret at 
your short stay. At the larger and better known print dealers you 
will find little enthusiasm for so humble a commodity, except in a 
few of the more discriminating shops. I find the simplest way 1s to 
carry a few specimens in my pocket in order to save explanations. 

Nor will the salerooms prove more produttive. You will search 
the fascinating catalogues of those haunts of wealthy collectors in 
Bond Street or Leicester Square for months on end without lighting 
ona single lot. Now and again, it is true, private collections will come 
under the hammer, all beautifully mounted on thick cards and care- 
fully tabulated under the headings of various trades, or according 
to their topographical interests, but these are rare and wonderful 
days. 

To the colle€tor who is of the aristocracy, he who buys Early 
Manuscripts, Incunabula, Ming China, Enamels, Ivories, Italian 
Primitives, Waterford Glass and the like, to him come post haste the 
sumptuously illustrated catalogues, and at his stupendous bidding the 
voices of the crowd at Christie’s sink to a respectful hush. 


6 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Not so, but far otherwise, is the way of the Trade Card Collector. 
His quiet path lies alongside that of the diligent seeker after the lesser 
known antiquities. He is the man, for example, who patiently puts 
together print by print, cutting by cutting, the history of some small 
lovable village now engulfed in Greater Suburbdom. Or he, again, 
it is, who confines his passion to the less sought after rariora, such as 
Fire Insurance plates, the old brasses from horse trappings, the small 
wates turned in wood, ‘coloured juveniles,’ or perhaps in lighter 
moments—valentines. 

For the likes of him are the little shops in the by-Streets, or in 
the small country town. A sharp eye and an indefatigable spirit of 
the chase ate needed by the picker-up of these less considered trifles. 
With these, and. on his own chosen ground, he can hold his own 
with the rich man, nor are the snares of the unprincipled dealer laid 
for such quiet folk. His modest way is untroubled by the wiles of 
the professional faker or the ingenious ‘restorer.’ It is worth nobody’s 
while to produce elaborate fakes of such simple things. True there 
ate a few reprints of cards which have been engraved by, or attributed 
to, Hogarth (see p. 63), but these are aimed at another and more 
wealthy class of amateur, and will not often beguile the true collector 
of Trade Cards, whose concern is not primarily with celebrated artists 
and such like, but with the old shopkeeper and his quaint wares, or 
his old street. | 

Indeed, it is just because people have failed to set store by these 
modest sheets, it is precisely because they were such comnion affairs 
of everyday life, that they have not been preserved. Old boxes of 
bills, put aside perhaps for generations and forgotten a hundred years 
ago, now and again come to light; in the pattern-books of dead and 
gone engravers, in old scrap-books and other odd hiding places 
unsuspected stores of Trade Cards may be hidden. | 

It is curiously aloof and detached, this by-way of collecting. It is 
not bound up with any notabilities in history or literature or the stage. 
Even the most proficient Trade Card engravers, such as Bickham, Cole, 
Fourdrinier, and Wilkes are known only to the few. In this respect 
it is unlike the somewhat similar, but much more popular quest of the 
Bookplate collector or that of those rarer birds, the collectors of 
Invitation Tickets, Tickets for Theatrical Benefits, Pleasure Gardens 
and Fétes, and those for Lotteries or for Funerals; though to this group 
our collector of Trade Bills is most nearly akin. 


PURPOSES AND INTERESTS , 


In all this it may be said that I have only put forward a very negative 
claim for the interest of my subject, yet within its limits it has a very 
definite call on the consideration of those who have a concern for the 
Customs and Fashions of the past two hundred years. As records of 
the old streets, the signs of the old traders, and the descriptions of 
their wates, these Cards give the closest indications. Some, too, as I 
said, afford intimate glimpses of the architecture and costume of their 
times. 

For their esthetic qualities, those of the eighteenth century are far 
in advance of our equivalents of to-day. The lettering is invariably 
well drawn and well spaced, and the designing of the devices, if 
sometimes crude, is always direct and interesting. They reflect the 
att of the engraver through two centuries. 

Though essentially a humble instrument of either advertisement or 
invoice—or both—the Tradesman’s Card is a source of wide archzo- 
logical interest. It is just because of its common workaday purpose 
that its value as a record is so true, and this it is that gives it a touch 
of vitality that many volumes of historical research do not possess. 

Thete is about these old prints an attractive something which many 
an old shop has: a delightful air of quaintness that is irresistible. They 
catty with them the prosaic, uneventful day-to-day history of their 
trade, the changes in Fashion—themselves the reflection of the 
influences of a wider world—the development or decay of an industry. 
In their way they have a touch of romance. Not, perhaps, the Romance 
of Commerce as we have it described to us in our own, and more 
particularly in American magazines, but the plain tale of the shop- 
keeper, proud enough of his trade and his distinctive device to have 
his advertisement sheets well designed, beautifully lettered and finely 
engraved. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 












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CHAPTER I 
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT 


JupGING from the scarcity of examples which can be definitely 
assigned to the seventeenth century, we may assume that the T'rades- 
man’s Card had hardly come into general use before the beginning of 
the eighteenth century. Specimens dating from 1700 to 1720 are also 
exceedingly rare, and a careful search through many collections has 
failed to produce more than a few score which can be definitely 
so dated. Others might be assumed, judging from their general 
character, to be as early, but where evidence as to date has not been 
traceable I have preferred to omit definite mention. It may be 
premised of these very early cards that many of them are either those 
we should now class as belonging to the professions or to those 
trades which, generally speaking, served the more educated classes: 
Arms-painters, Auctioneers, Booksellers, Makers of Scientific Instru- 
ments, Moneylenders, Opticians, Surgeons, and Writing Masters are 
those mostly met with. At that time the printed word was still little 
understood by the common folk, and this naturally restricted the 
use of the Trade Card to a limited circle. 
That which is believed to be the earliest English Trade Card known 
is in the form of a plain type-printed sheet, and runs as follows: 
Whosoever shall desire to purchase or put to Sale . . . through the 
want of present money May eyther in their owne names, or in the name 
of any other trusted by them, have secure means with all Priuacy requisite; 
for the speedy effe&ting what shall be desired. 
At the Porcht-house against St. Andrewe’s Church in Holborne London. 
God save our gracious King Charles. 


This strikes a note familiarised to us by the alluring letters which 
so often brighten our breakfast tables to-day, but we sadly miss the 
sonorous old English names which commonly grace these helpful 
offers to the temporarily embarrassed. Indeed, the stark anonymity of 
this one casts an air of suspicion which the sanctity of the “Porcht 
House against St. Andrewe’s Church’ barely dispels. The date of 
this Card cannot be later than 1630, for six copies of it were found 
bound as end papers into a book which was published in that year. 
Of these, however, two copies were very defective. There are, 
therefore, only four perfect ones known, of which one was sold when 


9 


IO LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Mr. J. E. Hodgkin’s Collection came under the hammer at Sotheby’s 
in 1914. Another extremely tare example occurred in the same sale: 
that of William Thorpp, bookseller, dated 1664, and of this it was 
said that only one other impression was known to exist. Below the 
Sign of Ise Hand and Bible runs the inscription— 
‘Printed for William Thorpp Bookseller in the City of Chester and are 
to be sould by him there at his shop at the Hand and Bible neere the high 
Crosse and at the Stationers Armes in the Watergate Street where alsoe 
Books both new and Old are to bee bound and sold.’ 


The very earliest Trade Card that I have in my own colledtion is that 
of Sylvanus Morgan, issued in the Sixteen Sixties just about the time 
of the publication of his Sphere of Gentry, which came out in 1661. The 
engraving of the Sign of William Camden’s Head is taken from 
Gaywood’s portrait. The text reads: 

‘Sylvanus Morgan is now returned to his former howse at the North- 
east corner of the Royal Exchange at the sign of the Camden’s Head and City’s 
Armes whete you may have Armes, Pedegrees, Funeral Escoutcheons, 
Ensignes Cornetts, Drums, Trumpett Banners or spire drawne accord- 
ing to Heraldry, also Palls of Velvit.’ 


Another early example is that of Henry Gyles, a Glass Painter, and 
the date of it is probably about ten years later than that of his brother 
artist, Sylvanus Morgan, about 1670. 

Henry Gyles’ Card has the distinction of being a Mezzotint en- 
graving, possibly the only Trade Card for which this process was 
used. Searchers after rare Trade Cards at the British Museum will 
not find this example under that heading: it is classed under Mezzotint 
Portraits by Francis Place. The inscription reads: 


‘Glass Painting for windows, as Armes, Sundyals, History, Landskipt 
etc. Done by Henry Gyles of the City of York.’ 


In Chaloner Smith’s British Mexzotinto Portraits this work is de- 
scribed in detail, and Thoresby mentions that the print was “wrought 
in mezzotinto, when that att was known to few others, by the cele- 
brated Mr. Francis Place.’ 

Henry Gyles resided at York, 1640-1700, and founded a school of 
glass painters there. In 1687 he painted a window at University 
College, Oxford. 

In the Hodgkin Sale was a curious Broadside, said to be unique, 


HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT II 


of The King’s [James IT] Bagnio in Long Acre, with an engtaving of the 
Bath, and giving its dimensions, charges, etc. This was dated 1686. 

A small, but particularly representative, collection of Trade Cards of 

the latter half of the seventeenth century is to be found in the two 
large volumes devoted to London topographical prints, maps, etc., in 
the Pepysian Library at Magdalene College, Cambridge. Amongst these 
forty cards are four very interesting ones of Cutlers:—John Best ‘at 
Mace y* corner of Lumbard Street next y* Stocks Market,’ Thomas 
Bickerstaff ‘liveing at the Signe of y’ Ha/berd in Princes Streete,’ John 
Cooke, at the Signe of The Shears in little Lombard Street, and 
Nicholas Croucher at y* Flaming Sword in S! Paul’s Churchyard. The 
card that bears the earliest date in this collection is that of ‘ John Short 
Wollen-Draper at the Signe of Te Black-Swan and Parrat in Cannon 
Streete.” On it are the arms of the Merchant Taylors Company and 
the date 1654. 
_ Two other rare Cards are mentioned by J. E. Hodgkin in his 
Rariora, both by William Hogarth. One is that of James Figg, prize- 
fighter, which, according to Ireland in his Hogarth I/uStrated, had 
then fetched as much as £8 8s.; the other is that of Peter de la Fon- 
taine, goldsmith, which forms the frontispiece of this book. 

A decorative class of ‘Trade Card is the woodcut of the first half of 
the eighteenth century. A very early example, which is to be found in 
the Bagford Collection at the British Museum, ts that depicting a Calico 
Printer at work, with his small assistant colouring his blocks. Green’s 
History of the English People attributes this to the reign of James II. 
(See Plate IX.) 

Two other typical woodcuts are illustrated on Plates XVIII and 
LXXVI. 

We now come to the palmy days of the Trade Card, from 1720 
to 1770. This period stands out, not only on account of the high 
excellence of the engraving, but also because of the interest attaching 
to the Traders’ Signs, rendered in a highly decorative manner by the 
accomplished ‘Engravers of Shop Bills,’ as they called themselves. 

It is interesting at this point to note the development in motive. 
To begin with, we find that the important feature is the Sign, more 
ot less heraldically treated, and below it a simple panel of well-drawn 
lettering. Of this group the following are the most typical examples: 

Plates Nos. IJ, IV, XXVIII, XLUI, LV, LVI, LXII, LXV, 
XCV. 


12 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


In the second stage the Traders’ Sign is still the predominant 
feature, but instead of the severely simple treatment it is now enclosed 
in an ornamental frame characteristically shown in 


Plates Nos. XVII, XIX, XXI>-XXXVIL “XE ey ce 
EVIL EX aeV EXC: 


At the third development the Sign is still retained, but yields pride 
of place to the representation of wares which figure prominently in 
the design of the ornamental frame, as reference to the following 
Plates will show: 


Frontispiece, 1, XX XVIII, XLVI, XLVI, LXX, UXXX: 
LXXXI. 


In many of these plates the influences of Thomas Chippendale 
and the vogue for chinoiseries are plainly manifest. 

An alternative was to reduce the Sign to a still more subservient 
position and devote the main interest of the design to a rather elaborate 
and symbolic representation of the trade, as in— 


Plate No. XI. Richard Siddall, Chymist at the Golden Head, in 
Panton Street. 
Plate No. XLIX. Mrs. Holt’s Italian Warehouse at ye Two Olive 
Posts in ye Broad Part of the Strand. 3 
and Plate No. LX XII of Richard Warren the Perfumer at the Golden 
Fleece in Mary le Bonne Street. 


Next we come to the period when the Sign has disappeared 
altogether, and the interest is entirely confined to the display of goods. 
The numbering of the houses has not yet been adopted on the Cards, 
but instead of the Sign we get a descriptive form of address, such 
as occurs on the card of— 

Richard Severn, Jeweller & Toyman, the Corner of Paul’s- 
Grave-Head-Court near Temple Barr, London. 
Here we find the fashion of the Trade Card necessarily following 
on the enforced abolition of the old hanging Signs in 1762, when the 
numbering of the houses began to take its place. This transition is 
shown in the following: 
Plates Nos. XXIV, XX XIII, LX XIII, XCII. 

A very favourite variant of this method of supplanting the old Sign 

with conventional designs embodying the wares of the shop was to 


4 


HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT 13 


introduce a scene giving a pictorial representation of the trade being 
Pamcdson, as in Plates Nos. XX XIV, LII, LI, LX VII, LX VII, 
LXIX, LXXVII. 

This style of design was a very favourite one of William Hogarth, 
a list of whose Trade Cards will be found on p 63. 

The last development which is covered by the period dealt with in 
this book is that wherein street numbering has begun to be adopted 
generally, and a classic form of decoration, reflecting the prevalent 
Style of ornament brought into fashion by the brothers Adam, is the 
characteristic feature. 

J. Seago, Printseller and Bookseller, High Street, St. Giles’, near 
Tottenham Court Road, was probably something in the nature of a 
‘last ditcher,’ and stood out against the new-fangled notion of 
numbering. He was not, however, entirely unswayed by the move- 
ment towards a new elegance, for the graceful design shown on 
Plate II is a distin advance on his former Card, which gives a very 
unprepossessing portrait of an uncouth looking old ruffian labelled 
“Old Simon,’ a notorious character in St. Giles’ about 1780. These 
latter-day refinements, both of design and orderliness, are represented 
ine: 

Plate No. II. Seago, Printseller, High Street, St. Giles’. 


Plate No. XX VI. Law, Dentist, 10 St. Albans Street, Pall Mall. 
and Plate No. XXXII. Ross, Frame-maker, 113 Gt. Portland Street. 


With the beginning of the nineteenth century the design of the 
Trade Card began to deteriorate sadly. The lettering still retained a 
great deal of the old charm, but the tradition soon got overlaid by 
the affectations of the Victorian era. These later Cards, however, 
though lacking in distin¢ction, still have a quaint interest of their own 
time. 


CHAPTER III , 
SHOP SIGNS AND THE TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


THE CONNECTION between the old Shop Sign and the Trade Card 
is necessarily a very close one. It has been seen in the previous 
chapter how the Trade Card began by being a simple rendering of the 
Shop Sign, and how as these Signs fell into disuse it gradually became 
elaborated and ornamented with the representations of the shop- 
keepet’s wares, and finally how, when the street numbering became 
firmly established, the Sign itself was altogether ousted. 

It is interesting, therefore, to look into the history of signboards, 
and anyone who wishes to study this fascinating subject should read 
Larwood and Hotten’s Hisfory of Signboards, 1866, and Mr. Philip 
Norman’s London Signs and Inscriptions, though this latter refers more 
particularly to sculptured Signs. The late Mr. F. G. Hilton Price did 
a great deal of valuable research work in this direction, much of which 
will be found in the Records of the London Topographical Society, Vols. 
Il, II, IV, and V, as well as in his own books, The Signs of Old 
Lombard Street, The Signs of Old Fleet Street, and the articles which 
appeared in the Middlesex and Hertfordshire Notes and Queries, on the 
Signs of the old houses in the Strand in theseventeenth and eighteenth 
centuries. With the assistance of these authorities I have made the 
following quite elementary notes. 

The Egyptians seemed to have made occasional use of inscriptions 
to draw attention to the whereabouts of a trade. Whether the Greek 
Signs were carved or painted or merely displayed the natural object, 
is uncertain from the references made by Aristotle. The more general 
practice of the Romans, as we may still see at Pompeii, was a panel 
in telief beside the shop front. The earliest forms were some simple 
object typical of the trade—a hand for the glover, a bunch of grapes 
for the vintner. In the Middle Ages coats-of-arms, crests and badges 
began to be used, for as particular trades were confined to particular 
Streets the trader felt the need for some more individual and distin@ive 
Sign. Sometimes the shopkeeper’s own name would suggest a rebus, 
as Robert Legg Upholsterer at the Sign of ye Leg in Holborn (compare 
Plate No. XCIX). 

After the Great Fire it became more common to have the Sign 
carved on a stone panel and let into the face of the building, but the 


14 


SHOP SIGNS 15 


old hanging Signs were either fixed to the front of the house or to a 
post standing in front of it; in both cases the supporting ironwork 
was used as a decorative feature. When these supports became dilapi- 
dated they were a source of danger to the wayfarer, and public 
opinion called for their dismissal. Most people could by then read 
sufficiently well to decipher a name or a number, so a mote convenient 
method was wanted. The removal of the Signs was proclaimed, and 
in 1762 they began to be cleared away, and the numbering of the 
Streets to be instituted. Previous to this, however, Great Prescott 
Street, in Goodman’s Fields, had, in 1708, led the way to the innova- 
tion by numbering the houses after the manner of the staircases in 
the Inns of Court and Chancery. The last streets to keep their 
Signs hanging were Wood Street and Whitecross Street, where they 
remained till 1773.* 

In the history of Trade Cards this period is an all-important one, 
as the presence or absence of the number of the house will help us 
to determine the date of the Card. For many years the Sign continued 
to be used on the Tradesman’s Card as the mark of the house, supple- 
menting the numbers, and in many Cards the transition may be noted, 
the number being spatchcocked into the old copper-plate. 

The art of the sign-painter had its headquarters in Harp Alley, 
Shoe Lane, though besides the ordinary practitioner many famous 
attists were induced to turn their hands to sign-painting. Of these, 
Clarkson is known to have painted the Shakespeare’s Head, in Little 
Russell Street, Drury Lane, for which he is said to have received £500. 
Others were John Baker (one of the original R.A.’s); Charles Catton, 
R.A., who did one for Wright, the famous coachmaker in Long 
Acte; Cipriani, also an R.A.; Samuel Wale, R.A., and the marine 
painter, Smitke, R.A. Hogarth and Morland both painted Signs, 
and that by David Cox at the Roya/ Oak at Bettws-y-Coed is still 
well known to visitors. Just recently there have been slight evidences 
of a revival in this ancient craft, and one or two of our decorative 
painters have produced some good signboards. 

It will strike many that there frequently occurs a curious lack of 
connection between the Sign and the trade carried on under it. 


*Wheatley, in his London Past and Present, referring to a house, on the site of 
which now Stands part of the Grand Hotel, quotes the following statement from 
Smith’s Nodlekens: ‘This house was No. 1 Strand and was the first house in London 
that was numbered.’ 


16 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Addison, writing to The Speéfator, says: ‘I would enjoin every shop- 
keeper to make use of a sign which bears some affinity to the wares 
in which he deals. A cook should not live at Te Boot nor a shoe- 
maker at the Roasted Pig.’ Such incongruity was often accounted for 
by the fact that when one tradesman succeeded to a shop where a 
different trade had been carried on he retained the old Sign, if it was 
a well-known one, and a landmark in the distriét. Or again, if he 
wished to retain the old Sign, for this or some other reason, and at 
the same time felt the necessity of having one which was appropriate 
to his own calling, he would not scruple to combine the two symbols. 
Occasionally this was done with rather incongruous results, as in the 
case of The Three Nuns and a Hare, The Lamb and Dolphin, The Bull and 
Bedpost. It was quite common, too, for a young tradesman starting on 
his own account to add to his own Sign that of the master whom he 
had served. Other combinations, which on the face of them do not 
seem to have any particular connection, are the result of corruption, 
as in the case of the famous old London coaching inn, Te Bull and 
Mouth, which is generally supposed to have come from Boulogne 
Mouth—the entrance to Boulogne Harbour, that town having been 
taken by Henry VIII; though another theory that it might have 
originally been the Bowl and Mouth seems less far-fetched. Some 
again were, no doubt, the outcome of lack of understanding; for 
example, in the case of I'he Leg and Star, this was possibly nothing 
else than the two insignia of the Order of the Garter—the garter 
being appropriately represented on the leg. The Leg and Seven Stars 
is but the attempt of one tradesman to outshine another by annexing 
a larger constellation, though the Seven Stars of the Pleiades is a well- 
known Masonic emblem. One publican near Bristol went the length 
of putting up The Fourteen Stars. 

Curious Signs are such as Ie Red M. and Dagger, The Pistol 
and L.., The Piftol and C.; the initial being that of the shopkeepet’s 
name, or that of one of his predecessors. A reference is made in 
Larwood and Hotten to these Signs: ‘The Sign (that of The Red M. 
and Dagger) occuts among the Bagford Bills; there is a similar one 
amongst the Banks Bills—T he P7sfol and C., the sign of John Crook, 
a tazor maker in the Great Turnstile, Holborn, circa 1787; the bill 
represents a renaissance scutcheon with a pistol, above it a C and 
surgical instruments disseminated on the field.” Compare Plate 
No. LXXXI. A similar Sign appears on the Trade Card of Edward 


SHOP SIGNS 17 


Tymperon, tazor maker at The E.T. and Crown in Russell Street, 
Drury Lane. | 

But the study of the Signboard is an immense subject in itself, and 
can only be slightly touched on here in conneétion with its bearing 
on the Trade Card. Another offshoot of the Signboard is the 
Tradesman’s Token, a subject which has fascinated many colleCtors 
and on which much has been written. To colle€tors of London 
Tokens, J. H. Burns’ book on the Beaufoy Collection is well known; 
this and Akerman’s Tradesmen’s Tokens will be found useful to the 
searchers after old Signs. 

At the time of the coronation of King Edward VII the great 
bankers and insurance companies of Lombard Street met together and 
decided that the most appropriate form of street decoration they 
could contribute to the occasion was to revive the old Signs belonging 
to their street. This suggestion was adopted by twenty-three of the 
companies and a unique and interesting scheme of street decoration 
was the result. Unhappily only seven of these have been allowed to 
remain. Of Signs still to be seen in our streets a few examples persist— 
the Barber’s Pole and the Three Golden Balls (originally Three Blue 
Balls) of the pawnbrokers are those most frequently met with. Other 
devices occasionally seen are the Atm and Hammer of the gold- 
beater, the Kettle and the Hat which hang in front of ironmongers’ 
and hatters’ shops, the Fishing Rod and Dangling Trout over the 
fishing tackle shops, the Roll of Tobacco and the Highlander outside 
the tobacconists’. These and a few still rarer signs are all that remain. 
In the last few years there have been encouraging signs of a revival 
of the art of the sign-painter, and a concerted effort, were it made 
by the tradesmen, might well lead to an added gaiety in our streets. 
Indeed, the work of many of our modern artists is well suited to the 
symbolic treatment of shop signs, and there are many designers quite 
capable of producing most interesting decorations if our traders 
would provide the opportunities. 


CHAPTER IV 


ARMS, EFFIGIES, AND OTHER EMBLEMS IN 
TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


ROYAL ARMS 


Where the Royal Arms are displayed on the Tradesman’s Card we 
get an indication of its date. Thus where we have a shield showing 
in the 

1s Grand Quarter, England and France quarterly 


2 ore x Scotland 
Rice ~ _Lteland 
Ath. cee: 7 England and France quarterly 


the date is confined to the reigns of the Stuart Kings, 1603-1689. 
With the accession of William and Mary in 1689 the Stuart arms 
were differenced with the arms of Nassau. 
In 1702, when Queen Anne came to the throne, there was a reversion 
to the Stuart arms until the Union with Scotland in 1707, after which 
date we get: ; 


1st and 4th Grand Quarters. England impaling Scotland. 
2nd - sy France. 
3rd _ 3. aLreland: 


On the advent of the House of Hanover, George I, 1714, we get 
a change in the 4th Grand Quarter which, instead of repeating the 
1st Grand Quarter, is now devoted to the arms of Hanover, but from 
Januaty 1st, 1801, the arms of France disappeared, and we get 
quarterly: 


1st and 4th England. 
2nd Scotland. 
Ser Ireland. 


Over all, on an escutcheon of pretence, Hanover. These arms 
were borne from 1801 until 1837, when, on the accession to the throne 
of Queen Victoria, the arms of Hanover were removed. 

Tradesmen’s Cards bearing Royal Arms are shown on Plates Nos. 
V, VI, XU, X XVI, XXXIV, and XLVI. 

18 


ARMS, EFFIGIES, AND OTHER EMBLEMS 19 


ARMS OF COMPANIES, GUILDS, ETC. 


The arms of the City of London are quite often displayed, usually 
in conjunction with those of the Company appropriate to the man’s 
trade. Instances amongst the illustrations here given will be found in 


Plate No. II]. Thomas Pickett, ‘Citizen and Brazier.’ 
» No. XVI. Casaltine and Mathews, Clothiers. 


Arms of the City Guilds will be found in 


Plate No. X. Carpenters’ Company. 
» No. LXXVII. Pinmakers’ Company. 
» No. LXXXIX. Tallow Chandlers’ Company. 
Beeb. ACY. Turners’ Company. 


Badges of the London Assurance, the Sun, and the Royal Exchange 
Fire Insurance Companies are introduced into the Card of John 
Bristow, engine maker (see Plate No. XXXII). 


At ‘Mrs. Holt’s Italian warehouse at ye Two Olive Posts in ye Broad 
part of the Strand’ (see Plate No. X LIX) are proudly displayed the arms 
of the Medici family, more, one imagines, by way of introducing a 
little local colour than by any prescriptive right. 


ROYAL EFFIGIES 


Effigies of Royal Personages are fairly frequently met with, and 
examples are found of most of the reigning monarchs and their 
consorts through nearly four centuries. An interesting one of Queen 
Elizabeth occurs on the Card of ‘Thomas Paulin, mercer, at The Statue 
of Queen Elizabeth in Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,’ engraved by 
Sherborne, and a notable Portrait Sign is reproduced on the beautifully 
engraved Card of ‘Joseph Trigge, Mercer, At the Sign of Queen Eliza- 
beth’s Head within three doors of St. Paul’s in Ludgate Street.” When 
this Sign was painted it attracted so much attention that Tbe Spectator, 
January 8, 1743, said: 

‘The other day, going down Ludgate Street, several people were gaping 
at a very splendid sign of Queen Elizabeth which far excelled all the other 
signs in the street, the painter having shown a masterly judgment and the 
carver and gilder much pomp and splendour. It looked rather like a 
capital picture in a gallery than a sign in the Street.’ 


20 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


A comprehensive Sign is that which is given on the Card of “Thomas 
Small, haberdasher, at the Three Protestant Queens in Cheapside,’ dated 
1727. This combines the effigies of Queens Elizabeth, Mary, and Anne. 

On the Card of a Quack Doétor is to be seen a delightful incident 
in the life of George III, described thus: 


‘His Majesty on the Esplanade at Weymouth graciously accepting a 
Box of Chings Patent Worm Lozenges which was presented to him as a 
Patent Medicine.’ 


The King in tricorne hat, kneebreeches and sword complete—his 
benefactor kneels before him. : 


EFFIGIES OF SAINTS 


Exceedingly few instances of Saints occur on Tradesmen’s Cards, 
presumably owing to the fact that the Patron Saint had passed away 
with the Reformation before the day of the Trade Card. On the old 
Signboard they had been quite usual—St. Crispin for the Shoemakers, 
St. Martin for the Printers and Booksellers, St. Dunstan for the 
Goldsmiths. St. George was a general patron and the particular Saint 
of the metropolis. St. Peter and his Cross Keys were adopted by 
Locksmiths, St. Catherine with her Wheel was a charge in the Turners’ 
Arms, and St. Lawrence’s Gridiron in the Arms of the Girdlers’ 
Company; this last saint also sanctified the Sign and Trade Card of 
the B/ossoms Inn of Lawrence Lane, Cheapside. The emblems appro- 
priate to the evangelists were, however, quite common on the 
Signboards—The Eagle of St. John, The Lion of St. Mark, The Bull 
of St. Luke, and The Ange/ of St. Matthew. 

Among the few Saints that do figure on Trade Cards is one that 
occurs on a mid-eighteenth-century example issued from ‘James 
Watson at his Scots Holland warehouse in Charles Street, Covent 
Garden,’ where St. Andrew is portrayed though not proclaimed. On 
another Card the Szgn of Sz. Peter is borne by a locksmith. A third 
Saint appears on a large and finely engraved Card in the time of 
George ITI, the text of which, rather curiously, is entirely in French. It 
is that of ‘Thomas Moore, Marchand fabricant de Bas et Bonneterie 
de la Majesté Britanique demeurant 4 /’ Enseigne de I’ Evesque Blaze dans 
Chiswell Street.’ The holy Bishop is portrayed holding a Bible in one 
hand and bearing in the other the emblem of his martyrdom—an iron 


ARMS, EFFIGIES, AND OTHER EMBLEMS 21 


comb. It is this instrument which connects him with the Wool- 
combers, whose Patron Saint he is. This interesting Card is reproduced 
on Plate No. XLVII, and it will be noticed that there are two some- 
what incongruous pendants to this Cappadocian Bishop of the first 
centuty—a “bas de Soye’ and a primitive type of umbrella. 


POETS, ARTISTS, AND SCIENTISTS 


Men of Letters adorn the Cards of many Booksellers: those met with 
ate Chaucer, Ben Jonson, Dryden, Erasmus, Horace, Pope, Otway, 
Seneca, Shakespeare, and Virgil; and the Heads of Archimedes and 
Sit Isaac Newton appear on those of makers of scientific instruments, 
those of Glauber and of Paracelsus on chemists’, Hogarth’s Head is 
displayed on the Card of John Smith, Map and Printseller of Cheap- 
side, drawn by C. Vanloo and engraved by Clowes, and also on the 
Card of Ryall and Withy, Booksellers and Printsellers at Te Hogarth 
Head and Dial, Salisbury Court and Fleet Street. A portrait of the 
practitioner himself is given on Plate No. LXXXVIII of Charles 
Peter. 

Another instance of the Portrait Card is that of Christopher Pinch- 
beck, Senr., clockmaker, who invented the copper and zinc alloy 
named after him. The Quack Dodtor Eldridge too— The Norwich 
Artist’—is a notable example in the Banks Collection. 

On a vety fine Card, dated 1717, appears a portrait of James Smith, 
Axtificial Eye maker, by S. Tuncks, and engraved by J. Pine who 
himself kept a print shop in St. Martin’s Lane and was a friend of 
Hogarth. 

There is also a delightful portrait by R. Cooper, dated 1762, on the 
Card of ‘William Bentley, Teacher of the Mathematicks, Kingston, 
Surrey.’ 


TRADE EMBLEMS 


Many emblems wete used indiscriminately, such as Te Red Lion, 
The Star, and The Crown. On the other hand, certain trades adopt 
Signs peculiar to their particular craft. An attempt has been made 
to classify these, and a list is given of those symbols which are most 
generally used in the various trades, though it is by no means 
complete. 


22 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Trade Emblems employed 
Bakers PLOUGH, || WHEATSHEAF 
Booksellers ANGEL AND BIBLE, || BIBLE, || BIBLE 
AND DOVE 
Braziers and Metal ‘Trades ANVIL AND BELLOWES 


CHAMBER GRATE 

BROWN TEA KETTLE AND LAMP 

DOG’S HEAD IN THE IRON POT 

FRYING PAN (see Plate 111) — 

GOLDEN EWER 

GRIDIRON 

HARROW. || HARROW AND ANCHOR 

LOCK AND HINGE. || ST. PETER AND 
KEY 

STOW GRATE 

TEA KETTLE 

THREE BELLS 

TRUMPET 

TWO CANDLESTICKS AND BELL 


Breeches Makers BOOT AND BREECHES (see Plate Iv) 
BUCK AND BREECHES 


Brush Makers FOUR BRUSHES 


Cabinet Makers, Carpenters, ARMS OF CARPENTERS’ COMPANY 
Upholsterers and Undertakers CHAIR AND TEA CHEST (see Plate 

VIII) 

FOUR COFFINS 

ROYAL BED 

“ROYAL TENT’ AND “THREE TENTS’ 
(Arms of the Upholders’ 
Company) 

THREE COVERED CHAIRS AND 
WALNUT TREE 


Chemists GLAUBER’S HEAD 
Clockmakers DIAL (see Plate x1v) 
Clothiers and Slopmen CHILD’S COAT 


JOLLY SAILOR (see Plate xv11) 
LAMB (see Plate xvr) 


ARMS, EFFIGIES, AND OTHER EMBLEMS 23 


Trade 


Coalmen 


Confectioners 
Cutlets 


Dairymen 


Drapers, Metcers, 
Haberdashers, etc. 


Dyers 


Fishing Tackle Makers 


Frame Makers, Carvers and 
Gilders 


Goldsmiths and Silversmiths 


Emblems employed 


OLD COLLIER AND CART (see Plate 
XVIII) 


PINE APPLE (see Plate xx) 


CASE OF KNIVES 
SAW AND CROWN (see Plate Lxxx) 


ASS AND FOAL (see Plate xxv) 


BLACKMOOR’S HEAD (see Plate Lv1) 

COVENTRY CROSS 

GOLDEN FLEECE (see Plate cr) 

GOLDEN SHUTTLE 

HEN AND CHICKENS 

INDIAN KING (see Plate Lx111) 

INDIAN QUEEN (see Plate Lxr) 

LAMB AND SPREAD EAGLE (see 
Plate LxIv) 

OLD BLACK Boy (see Plate Liv) 

ROYAL POINT (see Plate x11) 

SPINNING WHEEL 

THREE ANGELS 

THREE NUNS AND WHEATSHEAF 
(see Plate 1x) 

TURK’S HEAD (see Plate Lvi11) 

WHEATSHEAF (see Plate Lv) 

WOOL PACK (see Plate c) 


GREEN MAN 

RAINBOW AND ANCHOR 

RAINBOW AND DOVE 

RAINBOW AND THREE PIDGONS 
(see Plate xxvu1) 


DIAL AND FISH 
GOLDEN HEAD 


BOY AND CORAL (see Plate xxxv1) 


CROWN AND PEARL (see Plate 
XXXVII) 


24 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Trade 


Goldsmiths and Silversmiths 
(contd.) 


Grocers and Teamen 


Gunmakers 


Hatters and Hosiers 


Instrument Makers (Scientific) 


Emblems employed 


GOLDEN ANGEL 
GOLDEN Cup (see Frontispiece) 
GOLDEN HAMMER 

RING AND CHAIN 

RING AND CUP 

STAR AND PEARL 


BEEHIVE AND THREE SUGAR LOAVES 
(see Plate xxxvu11) 

BLACK BOY AND SUGAR LOAF 

CANISTER 

CANISTER AND THREE SUGAR 
LOAVES (see Plate x1) 

CHINA JAR (see Plate xc) 

COCOA TREE 

FAN AND CANISTER 

FIGG TREE AND SUGAR LOAF 

GOLDEN SUGAR LOAVES 

GREEN CANISTER 

ROSE AND THREE SUGAR LOAVES 

TEA CHEST 

TEA TUB, THREE SUGAR LOAVES 
AND CROWN (see Plate xxx1x) 

THREE SUGAR LOAVES 


CROSS BOW, || CROSS GUNS 


BEAVER 

BISHOP BLAZE (see Plate xvi!) 

BLACK BOY AND HAT (see Platex iv) 

HAT AND CROSS DAGGERS 

KINGS ARMS AND BEAVER (see 
Plate xLv) 

STOCKING FRAME 


GLOBE QUADRANT AND SPECTACLES 

ORRERY AND GLOBE 

SIR ISAAC NEWTON’S HEAD (see 
Plate xLvu11) 


ARMS, EFFIGIES, AND OTHER EMBLEMS 25 


Trade 
Instrument Makers (Musical) 


Nightmen and Polemen 
Oilmen and Colourmen 
Peruquiers 


Perfumers 
Scale Makers 


Shoe Maker 
Stationers and Printsellers 


Tallow and Wax Chandlers 


Tobacconists 


Toymen 
Trunk Makers, Saddlets, etc. 


Turners 


Writing Masters and Scriveners 


Emblems employed 


FRENCH HORN AND VIOLIN 
HAUTBOY AND TWO FLUTES 
TRUMPET AND HORNE (see page 8) 


GOLDEN POLE 


OIL JAR 
OLIVE TREE AND COLOUR BARREL 
SHIP 


BLEW AND WHITE PERUKE 
HAND AND LOCKS OF HAIR 


CIVET CAT 


ANGEL AND SCALE 
HAND AND SCALE(see Plate Lxxx11) 


ANGEL AND THREE SHOES (see 
Plate Lxxxvt) 

PATTEN AND CROWN 

ROYAL BOOT 


GOLDEN PALLET 
THREE BIBLES AND DOVE (Arms of 
Stationers’ Company) 


BEEHIVE 
TALLOW CHANDLERS’ ARMS (see 
Plate LXxxIx) 


~ 


TOBACCO ROLL 
TWO BLACK BOYS 


GREEN PARROT 


CURRIERS’ ARMS 

SADDLERS’ ARMS 

SKINNERS’ ARMS 

THREE RABBITS 

THREE TRUNKS AND BLUE BOAR 


CROWN AND BOWL 
TURNERS’ ARMS (see Plate xcv) 


HAND AND PEN 


CHAPTER V 


ARCHITECTURE AND COSTUME 


ARCHITECTURE 


The ArchiteCtural interest in Tradesmen’s Cards is to be found mainly, 
as one might expect, in the engravings of the old shops and the street 
scenes in which these shops occur. A few, however, have as their 
salient feature some well-known edifice, others again present careful 
and quite architectural drawings of their new shop buildings, with the 
evident intention of drawing the notice of the public to their newest 
developments. 

Of those using the landmark, or well-known building, as a means 
of fixing their locality in the minds of their customers, the earliest and 
perhaps the most interesting example is that shown on Plate LI, issued 
by William Conaway near the Bw// Head in Dean Street By St. Ann’s 
Church, Soho. He is a lamp-lighter by trade, and the engraving 
shows him mounted on a ladder tending the lamps in front of a 
nobleman’s mansion, while his assistant replenishes the oil containers 
below. The interest, however, is focussed not on these entertaining 
little figures in their kneebreeches and three-cornered hats, but on the 
fine house which fills the panel, and this is used by the artist to give 
cachet to the lamp-lighter and define the quality of his clients. For 
this purpose the house is well chosen. It is Monmouth House, 
designed by Sir Christopher Wren, on the South Side of Soho Square, 
originally called ‘King’s Square,’ and it was built in 1681 by the 
Duke of Monmouth, the natural son of Charles II], who was beheaded 
in 1685. Wheatley, in his London Past and Present, refers to this house, . 
and mentions that there is an engraving of it in Smith’s Anstquities of 
London. In J.T. Smith’s No/lekens and His Times will be found a good 
account of the building as he saw it when the workmen were 
beginning to demolish it in 1773. “In front was a spacious courtyard 
for carriages, and there were eight rooms on the ground floor.’ 

Exactly the same engraving appears on a Card in the Banks Collec- 
tion in the British Museum, except that it bears the superscription of 
one Joel Iles, who, appropriately to his patronymic, was an Oilman in 
Queen Street, Soho Square. Otherwise the Cards are identical, even 
to the invidious reference to ‘Persons of Quality and others.’ Miss 
Banks has written under this Card, ‘Monmouth House where 

26 


ARCHITECTURE AND COSTUME 27 


Bateman’s Buildings now stand.’ This is between Frith Street and 
Greek Street. Sir Joseph Banks resided at No. 32 Soho Square at the 
corner of Frith Street. 

PratE LXXXVII. Daniel Richards, Stationer, at St. Andrew’s 
Church, Holborn, presents a clear elevation of the church on the south 
side of Holborn Viaduct. A church dedicated to St. Andrew has 
occupied this site since the twelfth century. Strype refers to it as 
having been rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren in 1676. The tower was | 
tefaced with Portland stone in 1704, and the church was again 
restored in 1851 and 1872. The engraving on Daniel Richards’ 
Card presents it as it was before the restorer had worked his will 
upon it. 

Another landmark, though not a London one, is that of The Cross 
at Coventry. It was adopted by Mercers, doubtless on account of the 
close conne¢tion of the city of Coventry with their trade. A particu- 
larly fine engraving of it occurs on the large Card of ‘ William Atwick’s 
Warehouse. The Coventry Cross in New Bond Street.’ It is enclosed 
in a Chippendale frame, and it figures again, but in a more refined 
Adam type of frame, on that of his successors, Atwick & Son, at the 
same address, which is given as No. 149 New Bond Street in the 
London Directory of 1784. Another instance of this cross, though 
not nearly so good a drawing of it, is shown on the Card of ‘Robert 
Taylor At the Coventry Cross near St. Margaret’s Hill in the Borough, 
Southwark.’ This again is a rather late Card, as it bears the street 
number of 94. 

PiatE VI gives ‘A Perspective View of David Loudon’s Bunn 
House at Chelsey’ drawn to scale. The design has been attributed to 
William Hogarth (see p. 68). This is a charming little building, long 
and low. It has only one floor to it. Running the whole length is a 
verandah supported by turned wooden columns with the Bun Shop 
set back under it. A delightful little restaurant which one would like 
to see in our parks to-day. 

Piate LIT shows an interior, very fine and spacious, of Francis 
Noble’s Circulating Library at Otway’s Head in King Street, Covent 
Garden. The costume would date this at 1740-50. Another bookshop 
forty yeats or so later was a vety celebrated one kept by Lackington 
Allen & Co. at the Temple of the Muses in Finsbury Square, which was 
built by the younger Dance in 1790. A Trade Card showing the 
exterior with its long range of fourteen tall round-headed windows 


28 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


claims it to be ‘the finest shop in the world being 140 feet in front,’ 
and another Card presents a very spacious room with a large circular 
counter standing in the centre of it under a dome round which runs 
a book-lined gallery. A staircase at the far end leads to the ‘Lounging 
Rooms,’ an amenity which we are apt to think is an innovation 
belonging to our modern Stores. In the foreground is the proprietor 
proudly displaying to a customer a scroll on which is written, 
‘A Section of the Dome,’ evidently a notable feature of the new 
shop. 

ike: bookshops or, as they preferred to say, libraries, with all 
the charm of the late eighteenth-century small paned bow windows 
and delicate fanlights over the doors, are shown in the Cards of 
Tabart’s Juvenile Library at 157 New Bond Street and The Eccentric 
Book Warehouse in St. John Street, presumably in Clerkenwell, for 
a coach is shown drawn up next door, and the inns in this thorough- 
fare were well-known rendezvous for stage-coaches and waggons. 

A Printseller’s shop, which stands to-day very much as it is shown 
in Archibald Robertson’s Card, is at the entrance to Savile Row 
Passage. ‘This was the house of Paul Sandby, the artist, and the 
Card is an aquatint by him. A note at the foot of the Card says, 
‘N.B. Sandbys works in Aqua Tinta to be had complete.’ Beyond the 
shop is the entrance to Squibb’s Auction Rooms, now occupied by 
the Alpine Club. 

At the London Museum is to be seen an excellent example of one 
of these delicately bowed eighteenth-century shop fronts, and near to 
it hangs the Trade Card of ‘S. Huntley, Linnen Draper at ye Szngle 
Crown, who describes the place as ‘A very Broad Fronted Shop 
Sashed in, almost over against ye East India House in Leadenhall 
Street.” One of the most charming of this type of card is that of John 
Flude, Pawnbroker and Silversmith, of Grace Church Street, which has 
a vety delightful eighteenth-century shop front with well arranged 
exterior show-cases. It is illustrated in Plate LX XI. A prototype of 
the steel framed shop front with which we are familiar to-day is 
illustrated in the Trade Card of ‘“Gedge’s Linen Draper’s Shop at the 
corner of Cranbourne Alley and Leicester Square.’ Originally known 
as the [bree Pigeons, it became No. 1 Leicester Square. On the Card 
is written, “This was the first front of a House set upon Iron Columns 
at the Year 1782.’ It still retained the bowed windows with slight 
glazing bars, however. 


ARCHITECTURE AND COSTUME 29 

In the nineteenth century illustrations of shop fronts became a much 
more common feature of the Tradesmen’s Cards, and the transition 
from the old-fashioned shop fronts, which persisted into early 


Victorian times (as shown in Tallis’s Street Views of 1838) down to the 
present day, can be traced. 


The Eccentric peo e AREHOUSE ST Jonns STREET. 


a4 





























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P 3 
1 






































Fudbshed se Z Sty Teg te0s ° ; oe 


30 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


COSTUME 


The representations of costumes which occur in Tradesmen’s Cards 
often help us to assign a date when other indications are lacking. The 
Cards of Peruke-makers, Shoemakers, Hatters, and the like frequently 
show the fashions of the day, while the scenes depicted in the shops 
give a fairly accurate idea of the prevailing styles. It is therefore 
useful to have some rough idea of the sequence of the modes, and 
for this purpose an outline is given of the more outstanding changes 
in fashion covered by the illustrations. 


CHARLES II 


The Restoration in 1660 is marked by a great outburst of extravagance 
both in form and material. The doublet is slashed and curtailed to 
show the shirt of fine linen at waist and sleeve. Petticoat breeches, 
or wide breeches to the knee, are worn, and the whole is adorned 
with ruffles of lace and loops of ribbon. A broad brimmed hat 
coveted with ribbons or feathers is fashionable. The great curled 
periwig comes in, and a small moustache with a point of beard on the 
chin is worn. The ladies, too, break away from Puritanism and discard 
the stiff wide collar for low dresses with elbow sleeves, slashed and 
tied with ribbons. The hair is elaborately dressed in ringlets standing 
out on each side of the face, with a row of little curls on the forehead. 
Patches are worn on the face. 

In 1666 we get a great innovation, the advent of the frock-coat 
from the East, introduced, it is said, by John Evelyn to Charles II. 
It is a long straight coat from neck to knee with pockets very low 
down in front and is worn buttoned up. 


JAMES II 
In the next reign, James IT (1685), the frock-coat becomes rather more 
shapely, and is the general wear. Faces are clean shaven from now 
on till the nineteenth century. 


WILLIAM AND MARY 

When William and Mary come in (1689) the coat gets fuller and 
stiffer in the skirts, which have now been slit up at the back for 
convenience in riding, and the coat is worn open, or partly open, to 


ARCHITECTURE AND COSTUME 31 


show the waistcoat, which is almost as long as the coat. The cuffs are 
deep and stiff. Periwigs have increased in size. By the middle of the 
teign the women’s dress has changed considerably. The bodice is 
tight and long waisted, laced across the front over an undergown. 
The skirt is looped up at the sides to form panniers over the 
petticoat, and a “pinner’ or apron is often worn. The hair is dressed 
high over the forehead on a wire frame with one or two long curls 
falling on to the shoulders. An elaborately arranged cap, known as 
the “fontange’ or ‘tower,’ with stiff pleats rising vertically in tiers, 
completes the picture. Little muffs are carried by both men and 
women, and later there is a fashion for the women to wear coats of a 
masculine cut. 


QUEEN ANNE 


In the reign of Queen Anne (1702) the men’s coats get tighter in the 
waists and the skirts become fuller at the sides. Hats are larger in the 
brim, which shows a tendency to turn up. Though the full wig is 
still worn, a simpler kind is also seen, and some are tied at the back; 
these begin to be powdered. With the ladies we get the hooped 
petticoat and a lower and simpler head-dress; aprons are still much 
worn and high red-heeled shoes. Trains tend to get shorter and hoops 
larger as time goes on. 


GEORGE I 


When George I came over from Hanover in 1714 the great periwig 
was already going out and its place being taken by the looped wig, 
white with powder. At this period the tied wig and one with a long 
tight queue are also in vogue. Coats are full in the skirt, the fullness 
being gathered in pleats at the side and hanging from a button just 
behind the pocket, which is now placed higher up. Both coat and 
waistcoat ate worn open, buttoned only at the waist. Stockings are 
rolled over the knee, and shoe buckles are large. Women’s hair is 
more simply done, gathered off the forehead with a knot of curls at 
the back, covered by a cap of lace or linen. This is occasionally tied 
at the chin or has lappets hanging at the back. Shallow crowned 
straw hats ate worn over a cap. Hoops are large and bodices tight, 
but the new-fashioned sack-back dress, with wide pleats hanging from 
the shoulders, is coming into favour. 


32 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


GEORGE II 


By the time of George II (1727) the full-bottomed wig has quite 
disappeared, and various other shapes are being worn—the looped, 
the short curled, the long pigtailed wigs, and the curious bag wigs 
all find favour. Another vagary is for the tie to be brought round to 
the front of the neck and fastened with a solitaire. The long coat 
remains as in the previous reign, but there is also a short coat with 
stiffened skirts coming into use, which shows the tendency for the 
waist line and pockets to be higher than in earlier types. 

The dressing of the ladies’ hair remains small and close, and is worn 
with the milkmaid hat. The sack-back dress is at the height of its 
popularity in the Seventeen Fifties; it is set out at the sides, while the 
front and back are flat. Quilted petticoats are often worn, and flounces 
begin to come in at the end of this period. 


GEORGE III 


The accession of George III in 1760 ushers in a time of many changes. 
After a burst of extravagance (1773)—the Macaroni period—the wigs 
get simpler and gradually disappear. The full-skirted coat gives way 
to the tail coat without cuffs, and the waistcoat is quite short. 

In the women’s dress the period of extravagance is longer lived, 
the head-dresses become larger and even more elaborate than before. 
As these get higher and higher, hoops gradually disappear and their 
place is taken by the more elaborately made skirt with flounces and 
trimmings. The over-dress loses, bit by bit, the sack-back and becomes 
a tightly fitting bodice with the skirt still arranged over the petticoat 
in panniers. This fullness is gradually brought more and more 
towards the back until it becomes the bustle, and is balanced in front 
by the protruding fichu, completing the pouter pigeon profile. 


FRENCH REVOLUTION 


After the French Revolution in 1789 a great change comes over all 
dress, which now becomes very much simpler, and we get the tall 
slim lines of the Empire Period. 

BB, Ds 


For easy reference to the Plates the above information has been condensed into 
tabular form—see pages 34 and 35. 


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34 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Date. Reign. Plate. 

1660 | RESTORATION | 
CHARLES II 

1666 

1685 | JAMES II 4) 66) Data 


1689 | WILLIAM AND 
MARY 


1702 | ANNE 


LIII 


Description of Costume. 


Short slashed jacket petticoat, 
breeches, laces and ruffles, 
ribbons, great  periwig, 
moustache and tiny beard. 


Women—low-necked dresses 
with slashed sleeves. Hair 
dressed in ringlets standing 
out each side of the face. 


The King sets the fashion for 
the frock-coat, long straight 
coat buttoned from neck to 
knee, pockets very low in 
front, baggy breeches. 


Thenew coat becomes slightly 
mote shapely and is in 
general use. Faces are clean- 
shaven from now to 19th 
century. 


Coat éstiffer and fuller in 
skirts, wide cuffs, not but- 
toned below waist. Full- 
bottomed wig, very large. 


Women—bodice tight and 
long waisted, laced over 
under dress, skirt looped up 
to form panniers, apron. 
Hair dressed high over 
frame, curls ‘fontange.’ 


Coats fit closer in body, skirts 
fuller at sides. Smaller wigs 
and powder comes in. 


Women—hooped petticoats 
ate wotn with dress as 
before. Head-dress lower. 


ARCHITECTURE AND COSTUME 35 
Rezgn. Description of Costume. 


GEORGE I Coat has fullness pleated at 
side, worn buttoned only at 
waist, also waistcoat. Pow- 
dered wigs of various shapes. 


Women—large hoops and 
tight bodices. Sack-back 
dress coming in. Hair more 
simply done and closer, co- 
vered with caps. Milkmaid 
hats. 


GEORGE II Coat as in last reign and also 
a short coat with short stiff 
skirts. Tie and bag wigs and 
other shapes. 


LII Women — sack-back dress 
ovet hoops at sides, front 

LXXVIII and back flat. Hair still close. 
Milkmaid hat with cap un- 

XVII derneath still favoured. 


Sack-back dress reaches its 
LXXIII height. 


See p. 33 | Flounced skirts come in to- 
wards the end of this reign. 


GEORGE III | LXIX In this reign the skirted coat 
gradually changes to the tail. 
Women—hoops die out and 
bustle comes in. 
Macaroni period. Head- 


dresses of both sexes high 
and fantastic. 


FRENCH Seep. 29 | Which marks a change to- 


REVOLUTION wards simplicity in all dress. 





CHAPTER VI 
CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


I HAVE said in the Preface that there are no books on Tradesmen’s 
Cards, nor has the subjeét, so far as I know, been treated at any length 
in the Archeological Journals: even the indexes of Notes and Queries 
from 1850 to 1915 fail to provide any but the slightest of references. 
During the last fifteen years there have appeared in Country Life from 
time to time a few short articles on particular trades, and [he Con- 
noisseur has lately published two articles on Lord Wainterton’s 
Collection, by Mr. Richard Holworthy. 

Apart from these scattered references the only account of these 
Cards would appear to be in the three volumes of Rariora, by that great 
collector, Mr. J. Eliot Hodgkin, and in those three volumes four pages 
only are devoted to Tradesmen’s Cards. These are illustrated by seven 
plates. In these few pages, however, he has things to say which are 
of interest to the collector. 

He calls them Early Shop Bills or Tradesmen’s Cards. He tells us 
that in the Banks Collection at the British Museum there are 4388 
specimens, and that his own collection comprised 2800, classed under 
331 trades. He gives a list of those which he considers the more 
unusual trades, as follows: 


Air Mill Makers Fishermen 

Arms Painters Harmonisers of Musical 

Astrologers | Instruments 

Ballad Mongers Ingrossers 

Ban(d) Box Makers Lunatic Keepers 

Calculators (of chances in Nightmen 
lotteries) | Oculists 

Chimney Sweeps Pedometer Makers 

Chiropedal Car Makers Prize Fighters 

Coach Trumpet Makers Quacks 

Court Plaster Makers Sergeants at Mace 

Cuppets Slop Makers 

Dog Doétors Ventriloquists — 

Fencing Masters Worm Makers 


36 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 37 


He then gives a list of ‘the more important or more prolific among 
engravers of I'radesmen’s Cards,’ which is as follows: 

Aveline, Bartolozzi, Bickham, Canot, Cardon, Choffard, Clee, 
Cole, Cross, Darly, Darling, Deuchar, Fitler, Fourdrinier, 
Gribelin, Hancock, Hogarth, Kirk, Kirkall, Longmate, Motrison, 
Pye, Schiavonetti, Sherborn, Sherwin, Skinner, Stent, Vivares, 
and Yates. 

He refers to his ancillary collections of Tobacco Papers and Watch 
Papers, and he says that it has been his intention to write a Mono- 
graph on Tradesmen’s Cards, and has collected material for it, but 
that it must be ‘probably altogether abandoned,’ which is much to be 
regretted, for he had amassed what is probably the largest colleGtion 
on this subject which has been put together since the days of Sir 
Joseph Banks. In the course of his short article he makes the following 
Statements, which must carry weight: 

‘Very few people know anything at all about the earlier descriptions 
of Shop Bills or have even seen an example. .. . Let no man deride 
such a collection as consisting of trivial or unprofitable material. 
Whatever be the extent of his previous knowledge of the work of 
engravets of ornament of the period which it covers, that knowledge 
will be enormously increased by a study of the diversity of their work 
in a field so largely their own, and he will be able to trace in a much 
fuller degree than in the case of Ex Libris the change of style almost 
from decade to decade, its gradual degradation and ultimate debase- 
ment. He will in the second place acquire a knowledge, more easily 
gained in this way than in any other, of the changes in fashion in, 
and of the strange names of, many of the articles offered by the 
vatious dealers; and will derive much amusement as well as much 
information from the quaint devices and wording by which the 
capabilities of the traders are glorified.’ 

Whether or no we can go quite all the way with Mr. Hodgkin in 
finding glorification for the capabilities of the trader in the “quaint 
devices’ he employed for his wares, it is at all events interesting to 
record the names of some of his wares which have now become 
- obsolete and to note trades mentioned in the Cards which have fallen 
into disuse. I have therefore put together from time to time a mis- 
cellaneous collection of such items—odd trades, unusual Signs, 
obsolete wares, curious details and turns of phrase occurring on 
vatious Cards which are likely to be of interest to the collector. 


38 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


To those who have not yet known the fascination of Trade Card 
collecting, these memoranda will give some indication of the wide 
range of interest covered in this pursuit. That such a list should 
include ‘shoes and ships and sealing wax’ is to be expected, but one 
may not have realized that there were such pleasant trades as that of 
the Spatterdash Maker, or may have forgotten, perhaps, that there 
existed Rocking-horse Makers, or again, one may have been happily 
ignorant that there was so grim a one as that of Skeleton Seller. 
Unless one had actually seen the Card of Thomas Collyer, one could 
hardly believe that there was so delightfully fantastic a calling as that 
of a “Haberdasher of Hatts.’ 

On the following pages, therefore, will be found a miscellany of 
notes that I have made from time to time in looking through various 
collections. I have put down any trades which struck me as being 
out-of-the-way or which are no longer practised, old-fashioned wares 
no longer in demand, with the quaint names by which they were 
known, Signs which are in some way curious, and any turns of phrase 
peculiar to the times and now fallen into disuse. They are the merest 
jottings. 


MEMORANDA 
OF CURIOUS OR OBSOLETE TRADES AND WARES, 
TOGETHER WITH NOTES OF UNUSUAL SIGNS AND 
QUAINT EXPRESSIONS MET WITH ON TRADESMEN’S 
CARDS 


Academies “YOUNG GENTLEMEN ARE INSTRUCTED IN THE 
VARIOUS BRANCHES OF ENGLISH AND 
FRENCH, INCLUDING WASHING, BOOK KEEP- 
ING, ALGEBRA AND MATHEMATICS, AND THE 
USE OF THE GLOBES. THIRTY POUNDS PER 
ANNUM. 


N.B.—YOUNG GENTLEMEN WEARING LIGHT 
TROUSERS ETC. THE WASHING WILL BE 10/- 
PER YEAR EXTRA. 


TO INSTRUCT THE YOUTHFUL MIND IN MORAL 
AND RELIGIOUS PRINCIPLES FORMS AN 
ESSENTIAL PART OF THE RULES OF THIS 
SEMINARY.” — 


# 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 39 


Academies (contd.) 


Accouttement Maker 
and Sword Cutler 


Agent in Naval Affairs 


Anchor Smith 


“TEACHER OF THE MATHEMATICS AND MNE- 
MONIGS.” 


MOTTO ‘LET US BANG THE DONS.’ 


“TRANSACTS OFFICERS’, SEAMEN AND MARINERS’ 


BUSINESS OR FOR THEIR RELATIONS.’ 


Apothecary and Surgeon 


Aquarellist 


Artist 


Archill-maker 


Artificial Eye Maker 
Asses’ Milk 


Attorney-at-law 


Back Maker (? Cooper) 


Backgammon Table 
Maker 


Bathing Machines 


PAUL SANDBY, ST. GEORGE'S ROW, OXFORD 
TURNPIKE. (Aquatint with view of Turn- 
pike.) 

PAINTER OF MINIATURES. 


(Archil—A dye made from lichens.) Dated 
1742. 
See p 21. 


PURVEYOR OF. THOS EDWARDS, AT THE Ass 
and Foal, THE BOTTOM OF WIGMORE STREET, 
MARYLEBONE LANE, NEAR CAVENDISH 
SQUARE. (Dated 1781.) (See Plate XXV.) 


“BOUGHT OR SOLD OR LET BY THE MONTH. OR 
ASSES DROVE TO ANY PERSONS HOUSE IN 
TOWN OR COUNTRY. BY JAMES JONES AT THE 
Ass and Foal FACING Bird in Hand In woopd’s 
CLOSE.’ 


“SELLS BELL AND BOUGE VATTS, WORM 
TUBS, ETC.’ 


*‘AMIDAS AND MARY SURFLEN AT MARGATE IN 
KENT. M. SURFLEN ATTENDS THE LADIES 
HERSELF AS GUIDE.’ 


4o LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Baths 


Bed Joyner 
Bellows Maker 
Bombazine Maker 


Booksellers 


Boot and Shoe Maker 


Bow and Arrow. 
Maker 


THE KING’S (James II) BAGNIO, LONG ACRE. 


(Dated 1686.) 


“TO ALL GENTLEMEN LOVERS OF SWIMMING AND 


BATHING. THIS IS TO GIVE NOTICE. THAT 
THERE IS DISCOVERED BEHIND THE BOWLING 
GREEN IN OLD STREET NEAR ST. LUKE'S 
CHURCH THE BATHING WATERS OF THE 
PEERLESS POOL’ .... (Dated 1743.) 


WILLIAM SANDBY AT Ihe Ship WITHOUT TEMPLE 


BAR. Ihe Ship next Falcon Court was 
occupied in 1756 by Wm. Sandby, who 
afterwards became a partner in the banking 
house of Snow and Denne in the Strand. 
He sold the good-will in 1768 to John 
McMuttay, who there founded the famous 
publishing business of John Murray & Co. 
It afterwards migrated to Albemarle Street 
in 1812. (See Timperley’s Printers’ Manual.) 


A Card of John Murray, ‘succEssoR TO MR. 


SANDBY, BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER AT 
NO. 32 OVER AGAINST ST. DUNSTAN ’S CHURCH 
IN FLEET STREET.’ 


(See Curwen’s Booksellers Old and New.) 
An eatly Trade Card of Ward & Chandler, 


Booksellers, at the same address, was issued 
about 1734. 


HARVEY, 4 ST. JAMES STREET. Card designed 


by George Cruikshank, 1872. 


‘DOUBLE AND SINGLE CHANNEL PUMPS, 


SPATTERDASHES, CLOGS AND PATTENS.’ 


aGi TOMEZ, BOW AND ARROW MAKER, TEACHER 


OF ARCHERY, THROWING THE JAVELIN, ETC. 
NO. 15 SUSSEX STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE. 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 41 


Brass Cannon Maker } 
Braziers “THOMAS PICKETT, CITIZEN AND BRAZIER AT 
THE Szgn of ye Frying Pan.’ (See Plate II.) 
“AT THE SIGN OF Ide Three Cocks. ALL SORTS 
AND SIZES OF COCKS MADE NEAT AND CHEAP.’ 


Breeches Maker “WILLM. TURTLE BREECHES MAKER AND 
GLOVER. N.B.—NO BUSINESS DONE ON THE 
SABBATH SUCH AS BUYING AND SELLING.’ 


Bricklayer 
Brick-Mould Maker  ‘A¢ the Bear and Ragged Staff, WHITECROSS 
in General STREET, ALSO MAKES PAVING BRICK, MOULDS 

BATH STOVES, ETC.’ 

Bright Smith ‘AT YE SIGN OF ye Soak Jack.’ 

Buckle Maker “THE NEW INVENTED BLACK BARR BUCKLES.’ 

Bugg Destroyer ‘ELEANOR BRAINIFF—DAUGHTER AND SUC- 
CESSOR TO HER LATE FATHER GEORGE 
BRIDGES, BUGG DESTROYER TO HIS MAJESTY.’ 

Bun Bakers (See Plates V and VI.) 

Cabinet Makers ‘PETER LANGLOIS IN TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD, 


NEAR WINDMILL STREET, MAKES ALL SORTS 
OF FINE CABINETS AND COMMODES MADE AND 
INLAID IN THE POLITEST MANNER WITH 
BRASS AND TORTOISESHELL.’ 


Below appears a translation into French, but 
omitting ‘in the politest manner.’ 


“BED CORNISHES, “TEASTERS,’ ‘BEAUROES AND 
FIELD BEDS, ‘FASHIONABLE STANDING 
BEDS, ‘CHAMBER TABLES, ‘TEA BOARDS.’ 
“CHANDELIERS AND LANTHORNS IN BRASS 
AT THE LOWEST PRICES.’ 


THOS. SHERATON. (See Drawing Master.) 


“FUHRLONG, CABINET MAKER IN THE MODERN 
GRECIAN AND CHINESE TASTE, 5 TOTTEN- 
HAM COURT ROAD.’ 


Calendrer ‘ORRIS CLEANER AND SCOWERER.’ 


42 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Calico Printer 
Candlestick Maker 


Case Maker 


Chemists 


Chimney Sweeps 


China Rivetter 


See Plate IX. 
“WAX TAPER STANDS, LUSTRES AND CANDELA- 


3 


BRA. 


“ALL SORTS OF SHAGREEN, NURSES, FISHSKIN 


AND MAHOGANY KNIFE CASES, SMELLING 
AND DRAM BOTTLES, CANISTER CASES IN 
BLUE OR GREEN DOGSKIN MOUNTED IN 
SILVER.’ 


“CHYMICAL AND GALENICAL MEDICINES, WITH 


ALL SORTS OF DRUGGS. N.B. THE ELIXIR FOR 
THE ASTHMA AS ALSO FOR THE GOUT AND 
RHUMATISM. (See Plate XI.) 


“WILLIAM BLACKWELL At Ye Buckthorn Tree, 


COVENT GARDEN. SELLS ALL SORTS OF 
PHYSICAL HERBS, ROOTS, FLOWERS AND 
SEEDS, GREEN AND DYED BUCKTHORN, 
ELDERBURYS AND JUICE, LEECHES AND 
VIPERS. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.’ 


“At the Sign of the Elaboratory.’ 
‘TEANE TEMPELL, CHIMBLEY-SWEPERS AT THE 
> 


SIGNE OF Ihe Woman Chimbley Sweper, IN 
NUINERS STREET, NEAR THE WATCH HOUSE 
IN HOLBORN.’ (See p. Vill.) 


“CURES SMOAKING CHIMNEY’S IN TOWN OR 


COUNTRY. NO CURE NO Pay.’ (See Plate XII.) 

. . . TO SEVERAL OF HIS MAJESTY’S OFFICES, 
AND NIGHTMAN TO HIS R.H. THE PRINCE 
OF WALES.’ 


“EDMUND MoRRIS AT Ihe China Jar IN GRAY’S 


INN PASSAGE COMING INTO RED LION 
SQUARE, HOLBOURNE. MAKES ALL SORTS OF 
CHINA WARES WITH A PECULIAR ART WHICH 
HAS NEVER BEFORE BEEN FOUND OUT IN THIS 
KINGDOM SO AS A RIVETTED PIECE OF CHINA 
WILL DO AS MUCH SERVICE AS WHEN NEW. 
AS THERE ARE MANY IMPOSTERS BOTH IN 
TOWN AND COUNTRY THAT MAKE FALSE 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 43 


China Rivetter (contd.) | PRETENSIONS, I DESIRE NO OTHER SATISFAC- 
TION THAN WHAT WORKMANSHIP MERITS. 


N.B.—IF ANY OF MY WORK SHOULD COME TO 
PIECES WITHIN 20 OR 30 YEARS I WILL 
REPAIR IT WITHOUT ANY FURTHER EXPENSE.’ 


Chocolate Maker “THE ONLY MAKERS OF SIR HANS SLOANE’S MILK 
CHOCOLATE. EDWARD AND JOHN WHITE, 
8 GREEK STREET, SOHO.’ 


Clock Maker “PINCHBECK, SENR. CLOCK, WATCH MAKER 
AND TOYMAN AT Pinchbeck’s Head IN FLEET 
STREET. ONLY MAKER OF THE TRUE AND 
GENUINE METAL.’ 


Clog Maker “LEATHER CLOGGS, FINE LEATHER PATTENS, 
CORKE CLOGGS FOR LADIES.’ (See Plate XV.) 
Coach Spring Maker 


Coach Trumpet Maker 
Coach Wheeler 


Coalman ‘at the Old Colher and Cart AY FLEET DITCH 
NEAR HOLBORN.’ (See Plate X VIII.) 
Coftee Houses 


Coffin Plate Chaser 


Confectioners ‘at the Pine Apple IN BERKELEY SQUARE, 
CEDRATI AND BERGAMOT CHIPS, NAPLES 
DIAVOLINI AND DIAVOLONI. COMMON SUGAR 
PLUMS, SYRUP OF CAPILAIRE, ORGEATE AND 
MARSH MALLOW, GHIMAVE OR LOZENGES FOR 
CoLps.’ (See Plate XX.) 


‘APRICOCKS, ‘JORDON ALMONDS,’ ‘RAYSONS,’ 
“DROGEA, ‘COMFITS AND FLOWER CANDY.’ 


‘HARTS HORN JELLIES AND BLOMANGES,’ 
“SHERBERTS, ‘ROUT CAKES,’ “ICE CREAM 
WHIPS AND BLANSHMANGE. 
Cork Maker CORK CUTTERS. 


Corn Cutter and Nail 
Operator 


44 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Cooper in General 

Costumier 

Covent Garden Porter 

Cowkeeper and 
Daityman 

Cricket Ball and 
Patten Maker 


Cupper 


Currier and Leather- 
Seller 


Cutlers 


“BATHING TUBS LENT AND SOLD.’ 
AT ye Harlequin and Pierrot. 


‘IN COVENTRY COURT IN THE HAYMARKET.’ 


“WHERE GENILEMEN MAY BE ACCOMODATED 
(IF NOT FULL) WITH LODGING, SWEATING 
AND BATHING OR CUPPING. AND WITH THE 
UTMOST DECORUM. THERE IS LIKEWISE A 
GOOD COLD BATH.’ (See Plate XXIII.) 


“WILLIAM KIPPIAX, FELLMONGER AND LEATHER 
DRESSER. BUCK LEATHER BREECHES, RAMS 
AND CALVES DREST IN OIL OR ALLUM.’ 
(Displays the Arms of the Skinners’ 
Company.) 

AT the Red M. and Dagger IN POPE’S HEAD 
ALLEY. (See p. 16, and also compare Plate 
LXXXI.) See under Razor Makers. 

“EQUIPAGES, “CANE HEADS,’ ‘STANDISHES,’ 
“PROSPECTIVE GLASSES.’ 

“ALEXANDER JOLLY AT I’4e Unicorn and Case of 
Knives IN COMPTON STREET, SOHO. TINDER 
BOXES, TOOTHPICK CASES, GUN HAMMERS, 
SQUIRREL-CHAINS, POUN BOXES, HUNTING 
HORNS, POWDER HORNS AND DRINKING . 
HORNS, SHOT POUCHES, GUN FLINTIS AND 
THE BEST BATTLE GUNPOWDER.” 

“QUADRILL BOXES,’ ‘POWDER ENGINES, ‘BACK- 
GAMMON TABLES,’ “WIG SPRINGS, AND ‘INK 
HORNS.’ 

“SAW STROPS,’ ‘FLEAMS,” ‘SNUFF BOXES, “STEEL 
AND BATH METAL SHOE BUCKLES,’ ‘CHALK 
LINES AND LINE ROWLS.’ “JEWS HARPS,’ 
“HOG AND PIG RINGS,’ ‘HORN BOOK PRIM- 
MERS, ‘TOBACCO TONGS,’ ‘FOUNTAIN PENS, 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 45 


Cutlers (contd.) 


Dancing Master 


Dentist 


Drapets 


“DRAM BOTTLES, ‘PERSPECTIVE GLASSES,’ 
“SLATE-BOOKS, ‘VELLUM BOOKS,’ ‘BRASS 
JAGGERS,’ ‘HAWK BELLS,’ ‘CHAMBER BELLS,’ 
“RING AND POST DIALS.’ 

At the Sign of the Tare. (Dated 1698.) 


‘DANCING BOTH SERIOUS AND COMICK TAUGHT 
BY MR. LOFT, LIKEWISE HORNPIPES, FENCING 
AND MUSIC.’ 


“SURGEON DENTIST TO HIS MAJESTY. FAMILIES 
ATTENDED BY THE YEAR. SAMUEL DARKIN 
YE ELDER OPERATOR OF TEETH AND SAMUEL 
DARKIN THE YOUNGER BLEEDER AND OPERA- 
TOR OF TEETH; ALSO CUPS AT THE SIGN OF 
THE BLEEDER AND STAR.’ 


“ ALLOPEENS,’ ‘ALLAMODES,’ ‘ARMOZEENS, AND 
“FIGURED AMENS.’ 


“BOMBAZINES, “BURDETS, ‘BROGLIOS, ‘BAR- 
RAGONS.’ 


“CALLIMANCOES, ‘CAMBLETS,  ‘CHERRY- 
DERRYS.’ 


“DUFFELL JOSEPHS,’ ‘DUFFEL FOR CLOAKS AND 
CARDINALS, ‘CLOUTINGS,’ “DUCAPES,’ ‘DON- 
YARS, “DURANTS,’ ‘DUFFINS,’ ‘DIMATHEES,’ 
“DORSETEENS, “DOWLACE.’ 


“EVERLASTINGS.’ 
“FLORETTAS, ‘FLORIDOS.’ 


“GARLICKS, ‘STRIPED GHENTINGS,’ ‘GARTER- 
INGS, ‘GAUZES FOR CAPUCHINES,’ ‘GRO- 
GRAMS.’ 


‘HOOP COATS,’ ‘HUGABACKS,’ ‘HOOPING HOL- 
LANDS.’ 


“INKLE.’ 
* JEANS.” 


“LUTESTRINGS STRIP’D AND SPRIG’D,’ ‘LONG 
LAWNS.’ 


‘MINIONETTE LAWNS. 


46 
Drapers (contd.) 


Drawing Master 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


“MESSINETS, ‘MISSENTS, ‘MECKLENBERGS,’ 
“MANTUAS. 

“NONE-SO-PRETTIES.” 

“OSNABURGS.’ 

“PRUNELLAS, ‘PEELINGS,’ ‘PADUSOYS,’ ‘POLLI- 
CATS, “PERRIWIG-RIBBON.’ 

“QUILTED PETTICOATS, “WHALEBONED PETTI- 
COATS,’ “QUILTED AND HOOP PETTYCOATS,’ 
“FINE SCARLET CLOTH VELVET HOODS,’ 
“TURKISH AND SULTAN GOWNS MADE AFTER 
THE BEST MANNER. ‘MEN’S GOWNS AND 
BANYANS. 

“ROCCELOES,’ ‘RASDEMORIS, ‘RATTEENS, ‘ROS- 
SLES.’ 


“SHALLOONS, ‘SHAGREENS, ‘“STOMACHERS, 
“SILVERETS, “‘SHAGGS,’ ‘SAGATHYS, °SERGE- 
DUSOYS.’ 

“TIFFANYS, “FLOWERED AND PLAIN TABBIES,’ 
“TABBYNETS. 

“REAL NINE TIMES DYED BLUE FLANNEL FOR 
THE GOUT AND RHEUMATISM.’ 

WOOLLEN DRAPER at the Hand and Sheers IN 
THE BOROUGH. 

“At the Two Fustian Rolls, Rose and Crown, 
WHITE HORSE YARD, DRURY LANE. 

* Pack Horse and FuSstian Roll,’ 

‘At the D’Oyley’s Head.’ (With Portrait of 
D’Oyley.) 

T. SHERATON, 106 WARDOUR STREET, SOHO, 

1795: 

TEACHES PERSPECTIVE, ARCHITECTURE AND 
ORNAMENTS. MAKES DESIGNS FOR CABINET 
MAKERS AND SELLS ALL KINDS OF DRAWING 
BOOKS.’ 

The celebrated Furniture Designer. He died 
No. 8 Broad Street, Golden Square, 1806; 
also lived at 41 Davies Street (Grosvenor 
Square) in 1793, and at 98 Wardour Street. 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS AT 


Drugeist 

Edge Tool Maker 
Elephants’ Teeth 
Engineers 


Engravers 


Engravers’ Punch 
Maker 


Fan Maker 
Feather Bed Maker 


Fell monger and 
Leather Dresser 


Firework Makers 


“FRESH SPAW AND PYRMONT WATERS.” 


Dealers in. 


Illustrations of Hand Pumps and Printing 
Presses, Agricultural Implements, Patent 
Pendulum Steam Engine, Beam Engine, 
Hand Looms, Early Power Looms, 
Paddle Steamers. 


“WM. AND CLUER DICEY af the Maidenhead 1n 
BOW CHURCH YARD. SHOPKEEPERS BILLS 
ARE CURIOUSLY ENGRAV’D. (See Plate 
X XIX.) 

“Ww. HOGARTH AT ye Golden Ball YE CORNER 
OF CRANBOURNE ALLEY, LITTLE NEWPORT 
STREET.’ (Dated 1720.) 


AT THE Fan and Dove. 


‘BENJAMIN CLITHEROE, FIRE WORKER, REAL 
ENGINEER TO CUPERS AND MARY LE BONE 
GARDENS. MAKES AND FURNISHES NOBLE- 
MEN, GENTLEMEN, ETC., WITH ALL SORTS OF 
ARTIFICIAL FIREWORKS AFTER YE ITALIAN 
AND CHINA METHOD IN YE NEATEST TASTE 
AT THE LOWEST PRICES. HAS THE REAL TRUE 
AND GENUINE CHINA FIRE yt REPRESENTS A 
BEAUTIFUL FRUIT TREE IN FULL BLOOM, WILL 
THROW ITS FLOWERS FROM I0 TO 30 FEET 
HIGH. THE SMALL ONES MAY BE FIRED IN 
ROOMS WITHOUT DANGER.’ 

*‘MORTRAM. DECORATIVE PAINTER AND ARTIST 
IN FIREWORKS. COATS OF ARMS, MAGNIFI- 
CENT TEMPLES, TRIUMPHAL ARCHES, SEA 
FIGHTS, ETC. EXECUTED IN FIRE WORKS SO 


48 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Firework Makers (confd.) AS TO PRODUCE THE MOST BEAUTIFUL 


Fire Engine Maker 


Fishing Tackle 
Makers 


Flax Dresser 

Floor Cloth Painter 
Frame Maker 
Frock Shop 


Furriers 


Girdler 


EFFECT.’ 


JOHN BRISTOW, RATCLIFFE HIGHWAY. (See 


Plate XXX1.) 


“A PROSPECTIVE VIEW OF PART OF THE RUINS 


OF THE LATE DREADFUL FIRE WHICH HAP- 
PENED IN CORNHILL, MARCH 25. 1748.” 


“WILLIAM BROWNE Af the Sign of the Fish’ 


(Sees) 


‘MARY KNIGHT AND SON Aft the Old Compleat 


Angler—A CORNER SHOP IN CROOKED LANE.’ 


“JOHN CHESHIRE AND WILL BUSICK af the 


Angler and Trout IN CROOKED LANE, MAKERS 
OF FISHING TACKLE, HOOKS, LIKEWISE BEST 
WHITE CHAPPEL NEEDLES FOR TAYLORS, 
STAYMAKERS, GLOVERS, MILLINERS, SUR- 
GEONS AND NEEDLES FOR DYERS, HOTT 
PRESSERS, SAIL MAKERS, SOW GELDERS. ANY 
COUNTRY CHAPMEN MAY BE AS WELL USED 
BY SENDING A LETTER AS IF PRESENT THEM- 
SELVES.’ 


ONESIMUS USTONSON, BELL YARD, FLEET STREET. 


“at the Architrave Frame.’ 
“MARY AND ANN HOGARTH. SELL YE BEST AND 


MOST FASHIONABLE READY MADE FROCKS, 
SUITS OF FUSTIAN TICKEN OR HOLLAND, 
STRIPP’D DIMITY AND FLANNEL WAISTCOATS, 
BLUE AND CANVAS FROCKS AND BLUECOAT 
BOYS DRA™.’ (See Plate XXXIV.) 


“MUFFS, TIPPETS, FURR CAPS, BEAR SKINS FOR 


COACH SEATS.’ 


“CAPARISON FURNITURE FOR SADDLERS.’ 
‘at y° Whale ¢» Raven-NEXT DOOR TO BOW 


CHURCH.’ 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 49 


Goldsmiths “ELLIS GAMBLE af the Golden Angel IN CRAN- 
BOURN STREET, LEICESTER FIELDS.’ (See 
Plate XX XV.) 


“At the Golden Angel in Leicester Fields lived 
Ellis Gamble the Goldsmith, to whom 
Hogarth was apprenticed to learn the art 
of silver plate engraving. A Shop Bill 
engraved by Hogarth is greatly coveted 
by collectors.” (See Wheatley’s London 
Past and Present.) 

Ireland the engraver is said to have con- 
sidered his own impression of this Card 
to be unique—it is certainly extremely rare. 

PETER DE LA FONTAINE at the Golden Cup IN 
LITCHFIELD STREET, SOHO. Card engraved 
by Hogarth. (See Frontispiece.) 

‘WILLM. HARDY IN RATCLIFFE HIGHWAY NEAR 
SUN TAVERN FIELDS.’ (Engraved by 
Hogarth.) 

“WM. AND MARY DEARDS AT I /e Star, THE END 
OF PALL MALL NEAR ST. JAMES’ HAYMARKET, 

A /’Efoile AU BOUT DE PELLEMELE PRES DU 
MARCHE AU FOIN DE ST. JACQUES.’ 

Gold Beater At the Golden Hammer. 


Grocets and Tea Men FINE HYSON, PEKOE, SOUCHONG, COUGON, 
BOHEA, BLOOM AND COMMON TEAS. FINEST 
BRISTOL AND DOUBLE LOAVES, CLAY’D AND 
ALL OTHER SUGARS. SALOOP. 


‘PORTABLE souP’—an early form of tinned 
food. 


Gunsmiths ‘JEFFERY DUNN, GUN MAKER AT ye Cross Bow 
IN YE HAYMARKET.” (See title page.) 


‘FOR SALE AT Ihe White Bear WAREHOUSE, 
PICCADILLY. A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF FIRE 
ARMS AMONG WHICH ARE SEVERAL EXCEL- 
LENT FOWLING PIECES WITH ‘TWISTED 
BARRELS, GOLD TOUCH HOLES, ETC. ALSO 


50 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Gunsmiths (conid.) 


Haberdashets 


Hackney Men 


Harness Maker and 
Enterer 


Harp String Maker 
Hatters 


GREAT VARIETY OF NEW INVENTED SPRING 
GUNS FOR WAREHOUSES, GARDENS, PLANTA- 
TIONS, ETC. CROSS BOWS, MUSKETS, SHOTS AND 
FLINTS, PERCUSSION LOCKS, COPPER CAPS 
AND PRIMERS. BARRELS NEWLY BORED AND 
BREECH D. PATENT LOCKS AND REAL 
DAMASCUS BARR’*.’ 


‘BREEDS AND BUSKS,’ ‘CAULS FOR PERIWIGS,’ 


‘PURL AND COXCOMB CAWLS, ‘“PERUKE 
RIBBONS, ‘CYPRESS AND CAT GUT,’ ‘FRENCH 
PATCHES, ‘ROLES,’ ‘WIERS, ‘FERRITS,’ 
“FANCIED TIPPETS, ‘WRAPPERS, ‘CARDI- 
NALS’ AND ‘POLINEES,’ ‘PERSIAN BODKINS, 
“JETT STOMACHERS,’ “SLEEVE KNOTS,’ “LAC- 
INGS,’ “GARTERINGS,’ ‘FLOWERED SILK FOR 
CAPUCHINS, ‘HAIR BINDS AND SILK KNEE 
BANDS.’ 


THOMAS COLLYER ‘HABERDASHER OF HATTS. 


HATTER AND SWORD CUTLER. BEAVER HAT 


MANUFACTORY. REAL HAT MAKER. (See 
Plate XLV.) 


‘JOHN WEST HAT MAKER AT the Beaver and Star, 


THE CORNER OF MONMOUTH STREET, NEXT 
THE BROADWAY, ST. GILES’,. FURNISHES 
GENTLEMEN WITH THE LOAN OF 3 GOOD 
NEW HATS IN THE YEAR KEPT IN PROPER 
REPAIR FOR 15S ANDUPWARDS TO £1. 1° EACH 
WARRANTED WORTH WITHIN 3° OF THE SUM 
AGREED FOR. HATS DYED, DREST AND 
COCKED IN THE GENTEELEST MANNER. 


‘WILLOW HATS.’ ‘BEST BEAVER FOR I8%.’ 
“AT NOYES’S HAT AND STAY WAREHOUSE, Ie 


Hat, Bonnet and Stay UN FORE STREET.’ 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 51 


Hatters (contd.) 


Herald and House 
Painter 


Honey Warehouse 


Hoop Maker 
Hosiers 


“GILES HAT WAREHOUSE AT THE Golden Lace 
Hat 3 GLASSHOUSE STREET.’ 


Subsequently became Gill & Johnson’s, 
now Herbert Johnson’s, 38 New Bond St. 


LEGHORN STRAW HATS. J. SPERATIS, 54 PALL 
MALL. (Engraved by F. Bartolozzi.) 


“RICH?, HOY AT HIS HONEY WAREHOUSE 175 
PICCADILLY SELLS BOX AND GLASS BEEHIVES 
CONTRIVED SO AS LADIES MAY HAVE THEM 
ON THEIR DRESSING TABLES WITHOUT THE 
LEAST DANGER OF BEING STUNG.’ 


“TO HER MAJESTY.’ 


“THOMAS MOORE MARCHAND FABRICANT DE 
BAS EIT BONNETERIE @ /’ Finseigne de l’ Evesque 
Blayeé DANS CHISWELL STREET. ... GANS ET 
MITAINES DE COTON FIL, SOYE ET LAINE.’ 
(See Plate XLVI.) 


‘“MITS AND MUFFATEES, ‘BLUE AND STRIP’D 
LINSEES, ‘BAYS, “SWANSKIN,’ ETC. 


“HOSIER, HAT MAKER ALSO VENDOR OF LOT- 
TERY TICKETS.’ 


‘GEORGE PAYNE HOSIER AND MANUFACTURER 
80 NEWGATE ST.’ 


His Card reproduces the old carved stone 
panel of Charles Il’s Porter and Dwarf, 
dated 1669. 


‘This Sign used to stand over the entrance 
to Bull Head Court, Newgate Street... 
the figures were painted, their coats being 
ted, the King’s Livery, and their waist- 
coats blue.” (See Norman’s London Signs 
and Inscriptions.) 


Notes and Queries, 25 July, 1903, mentions 
this house as being No. 78 Newgate St. 


52 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Hosiets (contd.) 


Indigo Dealer 
Iinssrete: 


Instrument Makers 


Ironmongers 


Italian 
Warehousemen 


Itinerant Printseller 
Japanners 


NEWHAM AND THRESHER HOSIERS AT Ie 


Peacock, NO. 152 NEXT DOOR TO SOMERSET 
HOUSE, STRAND. 


(This old family business is still carried on 


at No. 152, under the style of Thresher 
and Glenny.) 


“NEAT POST CHAISES,’ ‘STAGE COACHES,’ “RIGHT 


USQUEBAUGH GREEN AND YELLOW,’ ‘FINE 
ORANGE SHRUBB,’ ‘CITRON WATER, “BA- 
TAVIA ARRACK, ‘RATAFIA AND SEVERAL 


OTHER FINE CORDIALS.’ 


“PHILOSOPHICAL, MATHEMATICAL AND OPTI- 


CAL.’ (See Plate XLVIIL.) 


“ORRERYS, “QUADRANTS, ‘AZIMUTH COMPAS- 


SES,’ ‘SLIDING GUNTER’S SCALES.” 


“THOMAS PICKETT, CITIZEN AND BRAZIER.’ 


(See-Plate TID) 


“ROBERT HARDING IRONMONGER BRAISER AND 


SWORN APPRAISER AT THE Stow Grate NEAR 
TO THE BREW-HOUSE IN THE GREAT MI- 
NORIES.” 


“CHOCOLATE AND DRINKING POTS,’ “PUMKIN 


OR WARMING PANS,’ ‘POTTAGE POTS,’ “TIN- 
DER BOXES,’ ‘FLAT CANDLESTICKS OF THE 
NEWEST FASHION, ‘EXTINGUISHERS, “BOX 
DIALS,’ ‘PENCIL CASES AND YE NEWEST 
FOUNTAIN PENS,’ ‘CHAMBER GRATES,’ “STOW 


GRATES, “SMOAK JACKS,’ “MAN TRAPS.’ 


“LEGORNE HATS, ‘LUTE AND VIOLIN STRINGS,’ 


“BOOKS OF ESSENCES, ‘VENICE TREACLE,’ 
“BALSOMES, “FLORENCE CORDIALS, ‘BOLOG- 
NIA SAUSIDGES AND NAPLE SOAP.’ 


‘JOHN JUKES DOES ALL MANNER OF JAPAN 


WORK, MENDS OLD JAPAN AND MAKES IT 
FRESH AS NEW. SECURES INDIA JAPAN IN YE 
NEATEST MANNER.’ 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 53 


Lacemen 


Lamplighter 


Landscape and 
Portrait Painter 


Lantern Maker 


Lapidary 
Leather Pipe and 
Bucket Maker 


Lighterman and 
Coal Dealer | 


Man-Midwife 
Mantua Maker 
Menagerie 
Metcets 


“Messenger of 
Bankruptcy’ 


Mill Maker 


Music Master 


Musical Instrument 
Makers 


“MAKES ALL SORTS OF SHOULDER KNOTS IN 
GOLD SILVER SILK OR WORSTED OFFICERS 
AND SERJEANTS SWASHES. FIFE STRINGS IN 
THE NEATEST TASTE.’ 


(See Plate’ L.) 


‘FURNISHETH PERSONS OF QUALITY AND OTHERS 
WITH LAMPS, LANTHORNS AND IRONS. ALSO 
KEEPS SERVANTS TO LIGHT THEM AT REA- 
SONABLE RATES.’ (See Plate LI.) 


Dated 1782. 


(See Drapets.) 


“At the Dial, Mill and Hand-screw IN TOOLEY 
ST., NEAR YE BRIDGE-FOOT, SOUTHWARK. 


‘MALT MILLS, SNUFF MILLS, COCHENEAL AND 
INDIGO MILLS, BARK MILLS, ALMOND MILLS, 


b] 


ETC. 


“TEACHER OF THE HARP AND BARD TO THE 
PRINCE REGENT AT THE OFFICE OF ROBES 
IN THE LORD STEWARD’S COURTYARD IN 
ST. JAMES’ PALACE.’ 


“ALL SORTS OF TRUMPETTS AND KETTLE DRUMS, 
FFRENCH HORNS, SPEAKING TRUMPETTS, 
HEARING HORNES FOR DEAFE PEOPLE AND 
ALL SORTS OF POWDER FLASKS AND ALLSO 


54 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Musical Instrument 
Makers (confd.) 


Musicians 


Mustard Maker 


Needle and Fish hook 
Makers 


Nightmen 


WIND GANES MADE AND MENDED BY WIL- 
LIAM BULL TRUMPETT MAKER TO HIS MAIES- 
TIE WHO LIVETH att the Sign of the Trumpett 
and Horne IN CASTAL STREET NEARE THE 
MuysE.’ (See illustration p. 8.) 


The Royal Mews stood on the site of 
The National Gallery, and ‘was so called 
of the King’s falcons there kept’ (Stow). 


“At the Hautboy and 2 Flutes IN BRIDE LANE 
COURT.’ 


“At the Sign of the French Horn and Violin 
OPPOSITE THE WAX WORK, FLEET STREET.” 


“At the Violin, Hautboy and German Flute at 
THE WEST END OF ST. PAUL’S CHURCHYARD.’ 


‘MUSIC PRICKED.’ 


“JNO. JOHNSON AT ye Harp and Crown, CHEAP- 


SIDE. Dibdin the song writer was employed 
with this celebrated violin maker. 


“HARPSICHORDS AND SQUARE PIANO FORTES.’ 


“Tabor and Pipe IN HELMET COURT NEAR 
CATHERINE STREET, STRAND.’ 


‘JOHN warRD aft the Violin and Hautboy IN YE 
OLD CHANGE, CHEAPSIDE. PROVIDES MUSIC 
FOR CONSORTS, BALLS AND ASSEMBLIES.’ 


‘BILL’S ORIGINAL DURHAM MUSTARD WARE- 
HOUSE AT Ihe Fox IN BUDGE ROW.’ 


‘Ww. WYLDE, NEEDLEMAKER TO HER MAJESTY AT 
THE Ouneen’s Arms IN ST. PAUL’S CHURCH- 
YARD.’ 


“ROBERT STONE, NIGHTMAN AND RUBBISH 
CARTER at the Golden Pole, THE UPPER END 
OF WHITE CROSS STREET. DECENTLY PER- 
FORMS ALL HE UNDERTAKES. NOW CARRIED 
ON BY HIS DAUGHTER.’ (Account on back 
dated 1761.) 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 55 


Nightmen (con/d.) 


Notary Public 
Nutserymen 


Oilmen 


Paper Stainer 


Patten Makers 


‘WILLIAM LINGLEY, NIGHTMAN AND POLEMAN 
FOR THE CITY OF LONDON. NO. 35 IN THE 
OLD CHANGE, CHEAPSIDE.’ (Dated 1774.) 


‘PINE APPLES RAISED AND SOLD BY HENRY 
SCOTT, GARDENER AT WEYBRIDGE. HE HAS 
CUT RIPE PINE APPLES EVERY WEEK FOR I5 
MONTHS PASSED AND SHALL CUT UNTILL YE 
LATTER END OF OCTOBER.’ (Dated 1754.) 


Note to illustration reads: 


Explanation, ‘KNOWLEDGE AND LABOUR (AS- 
SISTED BY FOUR ELEMENTS) PRESENTING THE 
GARDENER WITH A CORNUCOPIA OF FRUITS.’ 


“THOS. WADDELL & SON, OIL AND COLOUR- 
MEN AT THE Original Good Woman NEAR 
St GILES’ CHURCH LONDON. Latwood 
says the Good Woman, or Silent Woman, 
represents a headless woman and was 
particularly used by oilshops. He hazards 
a guess that it may have had some 
reference to the Heedless (Headless) or 
Foolish Virgins in the Parable. 


“THE FINEST SALLET OYLS OR VIRGIN LUCA,’ 
“FLORENCE AND GENOA OYL FOR SCOWRING 
IRON OR BRASS,’ ‘OYL FOR PLAISTERS AND 
OYNTIMENTS, ‘RAPE OYL FOR LAMPS, ‘MACK- 
ARONEE, ‘VERMAJELLY,’ “SALT PETER AND 
PETER SALT, ‘SALT’ PRUNELLA, ‘CHINA SOYE 
AND KETCHUP, ‘CAVEAR AND PICKLED 
OYSTERS, ‘MORRELLS AND TRUFFLES,’ ‘BO- 
LOGNIA SAUSAGES,’ ‘SPRUCE BEER AND 
PEARL ASHES,’ ‘LEMON AND VERJUYCE,’ 
“LINKS AND FLAMBEAUX, ‘LAM-BLACK CORD 
AND PACK-THREAD.’ 


‘AT THE CHINEE PAPER WAREHOUSE IN NEW- 
GATE ST.’ 


56 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Pavior 
Peruke Makers 


Pewterer 


Pin makers 


Pinkers 
Pipe-makers 


Plaster of Paris 
Figure-maker 


Poleman and Carter 
Pork-butcher 


Potter 


Press-maker and 
Turner 


“THOMAS BOWMAN, PERRUQUES INVENTED 1796 


PATENT OBTAINED 1800.’ 


“MAKES ALL PERUKES AND LADY’S TATES IN THE 


NEATEST MANNER. LADIES BRAIDS AND 
CRAPE CUSHIONS.’ 


‘At the Sign of the Phoenix and Locks of Hair.’ 


‘PEWTER DISHES AND PLATES. ALEHOUSE POTS 


AND WINE MEASURES, TEAPOTS, PEWTER, 
OCCUMY AND WHITE METAL SPOONS, BEL- 
LOWS, BOX IRONS AND FLAT IRONS, CANDLE- 
STICKS AND SNUFFERS. MAKES ALL SORTS OF 
PEWTER TOYS.’ 


‘At the Golden Dish IN PATERNOSTER ROW NEXT 


CHEAPSIDE.’ 


‘PIN MAKERS AND CITTIZENS ON LONDON 


BRIDGE. (See Plate LX XVIL.) 


“DECENTLY PERFORMS ALL HE UNDERTAKES.’ 
“SAUSAGES AND HOGS PUDDING OF A PECULIAR 


FLAVOUR.’ 


‘JOSIAH WEDGWOOD, POTTER TO HER MAJESTY, 


BURSLEM IN STAFFORDSHIRE.’ 


N.B.—HIS MANUFACTURE IS SOLD AT HIS 


WAREHOUSE IN GT. NEWPORT ST., LONDON 
AND AT NO OTHER PLACE IN TOWN AND 
AS HE SELLS FOR READY MONEY ONLY HE 
DELIVERS THE GOODS SAFE AND CARRIAGE 
FREE TO LONDON. 


“MAKERS OF WOODEN SCREWS FOR PRESSES.’ 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 57 


Printsellers 


Prize Fighter 


Pump Maker and 
Pipe Borer 


Quack Doctors 


Quill and 


Pen-makers 


Ratcatcher and Sow 
Gelder 


‘DOROTHY MERCIER at the Golden Ball In WIND- 


MILL ST. SELLS FLOWER PIECES IN WATER 
COLOURS PAINTED BY HERSELF FROM THE 
LIFE. AND FANNS FOR LADIES IN A NEW AND 
ELEGANT MANNER.’ (See Plate LX XVIII.) 


“ELIZABETH BAKEWELL MAP AND PRINTSELLER 


AGAINST THE END OF BIRCHIN LANE IN 
CORNHILL. ’ 


“GLASS PAINTINGS AND PICTURES FOR CHIMNEY 


PIECES. MAKES ALL SORTS OF FRAMES IN THE 
NEATEST MANNER. STAIRCASES AND ROOMS 
NEATLY FITTED UP WITH INDIAN PICTURES 
AND ALL SORTS OF LIQUID COLOURS FOR 
SURVEYORS, ETC.’ 


“At the Sign of Ye Laughing Painter iN CRoss 


COURT.’ 


“JAMES FIGG, MASTER OF YE NOBLE SCIENCE OF 


DEFENCE. ON YE RIGHT HAND IN OXFORD 
ROAD NEAR ADAM AND EVE COURT. TEACHES 
GENTLEMEN YE USE OF YE SMALL BACK- 
SWORD AND QUARTERSTAFF.’ (Engraved by 
Wm. Hogarth.) 


“FRANCIS SUTTON, SOHOO SQUARE. MAKES AND 


MINDS ALL SORTS OF WOODEN PUMPS. UNDER- 
TAKETH THE DIGGING AND CLEANING OF 
WELLS.’ 


‘ELDRIDGE THE NORWICH ARTIST. THE TRUE 


PREPARER OF FRIAR’S GRAND ORIGINAL 
SPECIFIC BALSAM OF HEALTH; FINE PURGING 
SUGAR CAKES FOR WORMS; BENGAMOTT AND 
FINE CEPHALIC HERB-SNUFF FOR THE HEAD 


AND EYES.’ (See also Plate LX XXVIII.) 


58 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Razor Makers Alt the Halbert. 
Alt the Piftol and C. (See Plate LXXXI.) 
Alt the Piftol and L. 
Alt the E.T. and Crown. 
Alt the Red M. and Dagger. (Compare under 
Cutlers). Also see p. 16. 
Rocking-horse 


Maker 
Scale Makers ‘At the Sine of the Porrige Pot ON LONDON 
: BRIDGE . ... BEAMS STILLARDS & GOLD 
SCALES.” 
_ ‘THE STANDARD W't? OF YE FOLLOWING COINS: 
DWT. GR. 
A JACOBUS 6 6 
4 JACOBUS 3 3 
CAROLUS 5 18 
4 CAROLUS 2 21 
GUINEA 5 9 
4, GUINEA 2 164 
MOIDER 6 224 
4 MOIDER 3 II 
PISTOL 4 8 
4 PISTOL 2 4 


NOTE THAT EACH GRAIN IN GOLD IS 24 AT 
{P. OUN.’ (See Plate LX XXII.) 


Sedan Chair Maker (See Plate LX XXIII.) 
Sergeants at Mace 


Shampooing Surgeon “SAKE DEEN MAHOMET. THE ART OF SHAMPOO- 
ING FIRST INTRODUCED INTO ENGLAND BY 
HIM IN 1784.’ 


Shell Fish Warehouse ‘At the Oyster Girl NO. 13 CHARLES STREET, 
SOHO SQUARE, DINNERS DREST AT THE 
SHORTEST NOTICE. MORNING, EVENING AND 
SUNDAY PAPERS IN THE COFFEE ROOM, 
GENTEEL ROOMS FOR THE RECEPTION OF 
COMPANY. BESI NATIVE OYSTERS WAR- 
RANTED GOOD BARRELLED.’ 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 59 


Ship Broker 


Ship-masters 


Shot Maker 


Shoemaker 


Silk Thrower 
Skeleton Seller 


Skinner 
Smith 


Snuff Dealers 


Spadderdash and 
Gaiter Maker 


Stage Waggons 
and Coaches 


“SELLS SHIPS OR PARTS OF SHIPS BY PUBLICK OR 
PRIVATE SALE. LETS SHIPS TO FREIGHT, 
ENTERS OR CLEARS SHIPS AT THE CUSTOM 
HOUSE.’ (See Plate LXXXV.) 


“The Henry and ffrancis. ROBERT OSBORN 
MASTER IS NOW LOADING AT THE CUSTOM 
HOUSE KEY.’ 


BLOOMFIELD, NO. 14 GREAT BELL ALLEY, COLE- 
MAN ST. [The Poet-Shoemaker 1766-1823. 
Robert Bloomfield, author of ‘The Farmet’s 
Boy.’| 


‘DEALER IN PHIALS.’ 


‘MAKETH THE NEW INVENTED SMOAK JACKS 
WHICH ARE GREAT PREVENTERS OF CHIM- 
NEYS SMOAKING.”’ 


‘THE Rasp and Crown. FRIBOURG & TREYER 
N° 34 UPPER END OF Ye HAY MARKET.’ 


‘JOHN SAULLE & PONTET AT THE Crown and 
Rasp, SUCCESSORS TO THE LATE M"™ JAMES 
FRIBOURG, IN PALL MALL NEAR THE HAY 
MARKET. FRENCH MANUFACTURERS OF 
RAPEE SNUFF READY RASP’D OR UNRASPED.’ 
(1768.) | ; 

“RAPPEE AND STRASBOURG SNUFES.’ 

‘FINEST BATTLE POWDER AT IS. 6d. PER POUND.’ 


“JOHN DRAKEFORD af the 3 Spatterdashes NEAR 
EXETER CHANGE IN THE STRAND, MAKES AND 
SELLS ALL MANNER OF SPRING SPATTER- 
DASHES.” 


‘FLY VANS—-LONDON TO CHELTENHAM IN 20 
HOURS.’ 


60 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Stationers ‘“CIPHERING BOOKS, COPPY BOOKS, SLATES, 
SLATE PENS, POPE JOAN BOARDS, BACK- 
GAMMON BOARDS, WAX WAFERS, SAND 
BOXES.’ 


Surgeon “SERVED KING CHARLES YE 2ND IN YE DUTCH 
WARRS.” (See Plate LX XXVIII.) 
Sworn Brokers 


Tailors “KERSEY BEAVER SURTOUTS,’ ‘SHAG BREECHES,’ 
‘FINE JEAN AND NANKEEN HABITS,’ “RICH 
SATTIN FLORENTINE WAISTCOATS.’ 
W. COURT, TAILOR AND BREECHES MAKER, 
17 GREAT PULTENEY St, GOLDEN SQUARE. 
Adopts the device of Adam and Eve sewing 
fig leaves together. 
Tambour Maker 


Tea Men ‘AS THE ATTENTION IN TRADE IS HERE CON- 
FINED TO THIS SINGLE ARTICLE A PREFER- 
ENCE THEREBY IS PLEADED AND THE CURIOUS 
IN TEA MAY DEPEND UPON HAVING IT CHEAP 
AND GENUINE, NOT AFFECTED IN TASTE OR 
SMELL BY MANY DISAGREEABLE ARTICLES 
KEPT BY TEA DEALERS.’ 
“GERMAN SPAW AND PYRMONT WATERS.’ 
“HUNGAREY AND LAVENDER WATERS.’ 
“VINELLO AND PLAIN CHOCOLATE.’ 
Alt the China Man and Tea Tree. 
Ticket Porter 


Tobacconist “At the Jessamine Tree, HAVANNA AND PORTU- 
GAL SNUFF.’ 

Brunn’s Card—Tobacconist, of Great Marl- 
borough St., portrays three men with this 
legend: 

“THESE THREE UNITE IN ONE CAUSE, 
THIS SNUFFS, THAT SMOAKES, THE OTHER 


CHAWS.’ 
The Snuffer says “VOULEZ VOUS DE RAPE.’ 
The Smoker ,, ‘NO DIS BEEN BETTER.’ 


The Chawer ,, “WILL YE HAS Our. 


CURIOSITIES IN TRADESMEN’S CARDS 61 


Tobacconist (contd.) 


Toymen 
Trunk Makers 


Turtle Shell Worker 
Turners 


Umbrella Makers 


Undertakers 


On the back is a bill 


‘Ib. iy Tal 
8 OF FINE TOBACCO AT 164 PER POUND OI0 8 
ib: 

SLOW MIDDLINGH ye AT 1A). 1,5) 04, O2'904.: 


“POOLES BEST VIRGINIA af the too Golding Potts 
and Bottles IN BRIDGE ST. COVENT GARDEN.’ 


See Pewteretrs. 


“VALEESES FOR BEDDING, PANNIERS, ENGLISH 
MAILS, HAIR PORTMANTUA TRUNKS, PERRI- 
WIG BOXES, CLOATH CLOAK BAGGS, FIRE 
BUCKETS AND BLACK JACKS, GAMBADOES 
FOR SEA AND LAND.’ 


“ALL SORTS OF TRUNKS FOR PLATE CHINA AND 
GUunss. 


“HAIR TRUNKS, SUMPTER TRUNKS, PORTMANTUA 
TRUNKS, GILDED LEATHER TRUNKS AND 
PERUKE BOXES, CANTEENS TO HOLD LIC- 
QUORS, CASES FOR PLATE, POST CHAISES AND 
‘ALE SORTS.” 


‘NEW DISCOVERED TURTLE SHELL.’ 
“TURNER AND TOYMEN.’ 


“PATENT SPUNGE MAKER FOR GREAT GUNS AND 
TURNER TO THE HONOURABLE BOARD OF 
ORDNANCE, THE ROYAL NAVY AND THE 
HONBLE. UNITED EAST INDIA COMPANY.’ 


‘OIL’D SILK AND LAWN UMBRELLAS. 
NEW INVENTED LONG TUBED UMBRELLAS. 


LIKEWISE FOR THE GOUT, RHEUMATISM AND 
DROPSY KNEECAPS, ELBOW DO. BOOTIKINS, 
GLOVES, ETC.’ 


“YOU MAY BE FURNISHED WITH ALL SORTS AND 
SIZES OF COFFINS AND SHROUDS READY MADE 
AND ALL OTHER CONVENIENCES BELONGING 
TO FUNERALS.’ 


62 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Undertakers (contd.) ‘SAFETY FOR THE DEAD. SIR WILLIAM SCOTT 
HAS DECIDED THE RIGHT TO INTER IN IRON.’ 

“FUNERALS DECENTLY PERFORMED.’ 

“VELVET PALLS, HANGINGS FOR ROOMS, LARGE 
SILVER’D CANDLESTICK AND SCONCES, TA- 
PERS FOR WAX LIGHTS, HERALDRY FEATHERS 
AND VELVETS, FINE CLOTH CLOAKS AND 
MIDLING DO. RICH SILK SCARVES, ALLA- 
MODE AND SARSNETT HAT BANDS, BURYING 
CRAPES OF ALL SORTS.’ 

‘IMPROVED COFFINS—THE FASTENINGS OF 
THESE IMPROVED RECEPTACLES BEING ON 
SUCH A PRINCIPLE AS TO RENDER IT IM- 
PRACTICABLE FOR THE GRAVE ROBBERS TO 
OPEN THEM. THIS SECURITY MUST AFFORD 
GREAT CONSOLATION AT AN RA WHEN IT IS 
A WELL-AUTHENTICATED FACT THAT NEARLY 
ONE THOUSAND BODIES ARE ANNUALLY 
APPROPRIATED FOR THE PURPOSE OF DISSEC- 


TION.’ 
Upholsterers ‘FOUR POST TENT BEDSTEADS WITH MORINE, 
HARATEEN, CHENEY AND CHECK FURNI- 
TURE. 
“SOPHAS.’ _ 


“ORGANS, HARPSICHORDS AND PIANO FORTES. 
N.B. DEALER IN COALS.’ 
Wax and Tallow AT THE ‘ Bee Hive and Wax Chandler.’ 
Chandlers “MOULD AND STORE CANDLES. ALSO THE FINE 
AND TRUE SPERMA CCETI CANDLES,’ ‘FRENCH 
DIAPHANE CANDLES,’ ‘FLAMBEAUX.’ 


Weaver At the Peacock. 
Whalebone and Cane 
Merchants 
Wire Drawer ‘GOLD & SILVER WYER DRAWER AT THE 


Shipp ¢” Anchor IN LOMBARD-STREET, 
NEARE GRACIOUS-STREET.’ 


Woad Dyer “TO THE HON: EAST INDIA COMPANY.’ 
Wool Staplers 


CHAPTER VII 
TRADE CARDS BY WILLIAM HOGARTH 


FRoM vatious sources I have compiled a list of Tradesmen’s Cards 
by, or attributed to, William Hogarth. That all of these are authentic 
is doubtful. It is more than probable that some are the work of 
W. H. Ireland—son of Samuel Ireland the engraver—forger of the 
Shakespeare manuscripts, and were ascribed by him to Hogarth. 

The greater number of those mentioned will be found in Austin 
Dobson’s Hogarth; others ate given in Graphic INustrations of Hogarth, 
by S. Ireland; Hogarth’s Works, by John Ireland and Nicholls; 
Hogarth Illustrated, by John Ireland; and in auction sales catalogues 
of the collections belonging to Mrs. Hogarth and S. Ireland. The 
portfolios in the Print Room of the British Museum contain examples 
of nearly all the engravings listed. 


BOXER James Fice, Oxford Road, near Adam and 
Eve Court. (Size 64” x 42”.) 
Will Hogarth fecit 1794. 
BUN BAKER RicHarpD Hanp, King’s Arms, at Chelsey (see 
Plate V). (Size 7” x 54".) 
Wm. Hogarth, 1718 (°). 


BUNN HOUSE Davip Loupon’s, at Chelsey (see Plate VI). 
Wm. Hogarth. (Size 142” x 8$”.) 
DRUGGIST James Bartuert, at The Three Angels in 


Cornhill. (Size 6”x4”".) 
The plate is engraved 4®. 


A bill on the back of the card is dated 
28 April, 1725. | 


ENGRAVER W.Hocartu (see Plate XXX). (Size 4” X 22”.) 
The plate is engraved ‘Aprill ye 23.1720’. 
Samuel Ireland, in Graphic IWustrations of 
Hogarth, says: ‘Hogarth’s* own shop of 
message card which bears the date April 
21st 1720.’ Said to be Hogarth’s earliest 

wotk. 

63 


64 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 
ENGRAVER (contd.) W. Hocartu at ye Golden Ball, ye corner of 


ENGRAVERS’ 
PUNCH MAKER 


FAN MAKER 


FROCK SHOP 


GOLDSMITHS 


Cranborne Alley, little Newport Street. 

W. Hogarth, delt. S.I.ft. (Size 4” x 23”.) 

The plate is engraved ‘April ye 29 (?) 1720.’ 
The day of the month is indistinct on all 
impressions I have seen. See also under 
Land Surveyor (p. 66). 


Sotsutt. Hogarth del. Si press 
(Size 54” x43") 

Gorpon. Ye Golden Fan and Crown in Tavi- 
Stock St., Covent Garden. (Size 7” x 54”.) 

W. Hogarth Invt. J. Sympson sculp. 

An original drawing. I have seen no 
engraving. 

Mary AND ANN HoGartu. Ye Kings Arms 
joyning to ye Little Britain Gate. (Size 
GL” x 44".) 

Hogarth del. T. Cook Sculp.iGeemPiate 
XXXIV). 

In Samuel Ireland’s Graphic WMuStrations the 
plate is engraved ‘W’. Hogarth del J.I. fe’. 
Other impressions are without the names 
of artist or engraver. (Size 42” x 33”.) 

Extis GAMBLE (i) At The Golden Angel, in 

Cranbourn St., Leicester 
Fields. (Size 72” x 52”.) 

A. M. Ireland sculp. (see 
Plate XXXV). 

(ii) “A contracted copy of 
above’ (Ireland and Ni- 
cholls’ Hogarth’s Works). 

(iii) ‘Arms of Ellis Gamble, a 
direction card.’ W. Hogarth 
8... fect. ssGSsceutet 
Graphic INustrations.) 


HOGARTH TRADE CARDS 65 


GOLDSMITHS 
(contd. ) 


INN 


ITALIAN 
WAREHOUSEMEN 


JNo. MONTGOMERY at the Angel, corner of 


Cambridge St. in Golden Square. (Size 
7B x52" 

This is a replica of Ellis Gamble’s card (i) 
above with the name and address suitably 
altered. 

PETER DE LA FonrAaINgE, at the Golden Cup in 
Litchfield St. Soho. (Size 74” x 6”.) 

W. Hogarth Ft. 1798. 

Probably engraved by Sympson. (See 
Frontispiece.) 

Wiiim. Harpy in Ratcliff highway near Sun 
Tavern Fields. (Size 28” x 2”.) 

A mutilated copy of this card was given to 
S. Ireland by Mr. Bonneau—no perfe& 
impression has been found. 

JoHN Barxer, Morocco Ambassador’s Head, 
Lombard St. (Size 32” x 24”.) 

Ram Inn, Cirencester. (Size 42” x 54”.) 

Wesiieetecit. 1710, 

James SmitH (? Te Axge/), Barkway, Hert- 
fordshire. (Size 3+" x 22".) 

The sign resembles Ellis Gamble’s. 


Mrs. Hott, at Ye Two Olive Posts in ye Broad 
part of the Strand. (Size 62” x 5”.) 

Hogarth del. A.M.I. £&. (see Plate XLIX). 

JoHn Marcui, at The Three Jars and Two 
iefgies. encaty thes Littles Eheatre: inthe 
Haymarket. [No. 12 Haymarket.] (Size 
74° ~~ Sue) 

A teplica of Mrs. Holt’s card above. Dated 
1772. 

KitGour & CumINeE, New Bond Street. 
(Size 64" x 5.) 

The engraving of Mrs. Holt’s card has been 
reversed and details slightly altered. 


66 LONDON. TRADESMEN’S CARDS 
LAND SURVEYOR J. Cuapman, Royal Academy, Pall Mall. 


AND ENGRAVER 


PAVIOR 


SIGN PAINTER 


TOBACCONISTS 


UPHOLSTERER 





A Tobacconist’s Card by Ww. Hogarth 





(Size 22”x22".) This engraving is an 
adaptation from Hogarth’s card issued 
from The Golden Ball. 


‘Sign for a Pavior.’ (Size 42" x 42”.) 
Hogarth pinxt. J.I. sculp., dated 1790. 

This is a design for a signboard rather than 
for a Trade Card. 


‘Design for a Shop Bill.’ (Size 68" x 54”.) 
Hogarth pinxt. Merigot sculp., dated 1799. 
RICHARD LEE, at the Golden Tobacco Ro// in Pan- 
ton Street, Leicester Fields. (Size 4” x 32”.) 

W. Hogarth invt. 

Compare Hogarth’s Modern Midnight Con- 
versation. 

LacroIx’s, the Corner of Warwick Street, 
near Swallow Street, St. James’s. (Size 
22” x 22".) See illustration below. 

Harrison. A Tobacco paper. 

(Name panel left blank.) (Size 8”7”.) 


On the back is written ‘Engraved by W. 
Hogarth 1731 in Fleet Street.’ 


Street, S'Jamess,. __ 
< WH AH Hen HM) ay i mil t I | 
ti fi le ‘lies = inl; 
Tes 3) | 
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ie il i J sil 


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Bis. ii | , 





bad 
‘\ %y, fl 
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CHAPTER VIII 


DESCRIPTIONS OF PLATES 


With Notes on the Signs and Topography. Giving sizes, dates, and 
other particulars. 


Except where otherwise mentioned, the examples are taken from the author’ s 
own collection. 


Plate No. GOLDSMITH 


Frontispiece PErer Dz La Fonraine A¢ the Golden Cup in Litchfield 
Street, Soho, by William Hogarth. In Banks’ 
Collection, dated 1798. (Size 74” x 6”.) 

The Golden Cup was a sign derived from the arms of the 
Goldsmiths’ Company and often used by Goldsmiths 
and Booksellers. - 

Litchfield Street ran from Upper St. Martin’s Lane to 
Charing Cross Road. It is said that at No. 3 (Lady 
Paulet’s) was a room with a ceiling which might have 
been painted by Hogarth. 

The costumes are those of 1730-40. 


BOOKSELLERS 


I. Joun Wivxre As the Bible in St. Paul’s Churchyard, 
engraved by Corbould and Jeffreys. (Size 8” x 6”.) 
The Bible became the symbol of the Booksellers and 
Publishers at the Reformation. John Wilkie was at 
this address from 1757 to 1770, and published Te 
London Chronicle there. Treasurer of the Stationers’ 
Company. He died 1785. The house was afterwards 
numbered 71. It stood by the north door behind the 
Chapter House. 


II. J. SeaGo. Print and Bookseller, High Street, St. Giles’s. 
In the Banks Collection. Dated 1782. (Size 34” x 22”.) 
There is another card of J. Seago’s, in which his address 

is given as “High Street, St. Giles’s near the Church’ 
and embellished with an old ragamuffin in a tattered 
hat who is labelled ‘Old Simon.’ In this—probably 
earlier—card, he describes himself as Print-seller only. 


67 


68 


Plate No. 


its 


iy: 


VI. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


BRAZIER 


Tuomas Picxert A¢ the Sign of ye Frying Pan in Compton 
Street, Soho. (Size 64” x 32”.) 
‘Citizen and Brazier’ is written on the face. 

The sign bears the City Arms and another coat which 
is not discernible. 


BREECHES MAKER 


James Porter A+ the Sign of the Boot and Breeches, in 
Shoemaker Row, Aldgate. (Size 64” x 34”.) 

The makers of leather breeches for riding frequently 
combined their occupation with that of glover or 
bootmaker. 


BUN BAKERS 


. RicHarD Hann Af she Kings Arms at Chelsey, by Wm. 


Hogarth, dated 1718. (Size 7” x 5}”.) 
The ascription to Hogarth is a very doubtful one. 


The Royal Arms are those of George I. This celebrated 
Royal Bun House was kept by the Hand family for 
four generations. In Smith’s Book for a Rainy Day 1s 
quoted an advertisement of Mrs. Hand, who kept the 
shop from 1738 to 1798, informing her customers that 
she had determined not to sell Hot Cross Buns on 
Good Friday—only Chelsea Buns. 


David Loudon’s Bunn House at Chelsey, by Wm. Hogarth. 
In Mr. C. W. F. Goss’s Collection. (Size 142” x 82”.) 


In the earlier impressions of this plate the name W. 
Hogarth does not appear—it was added later. 


Masonic emblems and costume. Arms of George I. 
Costume 1730 circa. 


It seems likely that this Bun-house is the same as that 
previously kept by the Hand family (see above). 


The building stood at the corner of Grosvenor Row 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 69 


Plate No. Bun BAKERS (contd.) 


(now 60 Pimlico Road), and contained a Museum of 
Curiosities, amongst which wete two lead figures, 
4 ft. high, of British Grenadiers (see figures in illustra- 
tion). A good description and a drawing appears in 
Beaver’s Memorials of Old Chelsea. It was pulled down 
in 1839. 


CABINET MAKERS 


VII. Cuarues BiypE As the Chair and Tea Chest in IKnaves 
Ne Xepad SV Angu a ec 
‘Knave’s Acre or Pulteney Street, Golden Square..... 
chiefly inhabited by those that deal in old goods and 
glass bottles’—Strype. 


VIII. JoHn Brown A? the Three Cover’d Chairs and Walnut 
Tree, St. Paul’s Churchyard. (Size 74” x 5”.) 


On the back of this card is an account dated 1738 for 
‘a large corner cabinet 15/-.2 The Walnut Tree was 
a sign often adopted by cabinet makers. On the south 
side of St. Paul’s Churchyard there was a Tavern of 
this name, and an eighteenth-century engraving shows 
a large tree on that side. 


John Brown was here from 1728 to 1744. His shop was 
at the East end of the Churchyard near the school. 


CALICO PRINTER 
IX. Jacos Srampe Af ye Sighn of the Callico Printer in Houns- 
ditch. (Size 54" <5”.) 
In the Bagford Colleétion. 


A very early example of the woodcut Trade Card. 
Green, in his Hzsfory of the Enghsh People, mentions 
this card as being zemp. James II. 


Houndsditch—formerly the City Ditch surrounding the 
wall from the Tower to the Fleet by Newgate. 


70 


Plate No. 
x 


XI. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


CARPENTER 


HENRY SIDGIER A¢ the Carpenters Arms in Great Shere 
Lane (Temple Bar). (Size 64” x 5”.) 

The Arms are those of the Carpenters’ Company. “Sheer 
Lane, or more properly Shire Lane, so called because 
it divideth the Cittie from the Shire’-—(Stow). It had 
an unenviable reputation, and the name was changed 
to Lower Serle’s Place. It was finally cleared away 
at the building of the Law Courts. 


CHEMIST 


RICHARD SIDDALL af the Golden Head in Panton Street, 
Haymarket. R. Clee fecit. (Size 10” x 7”.) 


The Head is possibly that of Glauber, a very favourite 
sion with Chemists. Another example of this card in 
the Banks Collection is dated 1781. An illustration of 
it appears in Hodgkin’s Rariora. A similar card in the 
Hon. Gerald Ponsonby Collection bears the names 
Siddall & Swann. 


CHIMNEY SWEEP 


XII. GEORGE CORDWELL af the Golden Broom, Grosvenot’s 


XIII. 


Mews, near Berkley Square. (Size 74” x 4#".) 
In the Banks Collection. Dated 1784. 
The Royal Arms are those of George II. 


CHINA AND GLASS SELLERS 

JANE TayLtor & SON at the Feathers in Pall Mall. 
(Size 6” x 42”.) 

The small panels below the sign show a Tea Merchant 
and a Glass Blower’s furnace. 


Pall Mall is said by Wheatley to have been the first 
London street lighted by gas in 1807. 


Plate No. 


XLV. 


OF 


XV 1. 


XVII. 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 71 


CLOCK MAKER 


MatH™ GAUCHERON af the Dia/ in Tower St., near ye 
7 Dials. J™ Fougeron, Sculpt (Size 7” x 5”.) 

Where the seven streets met in St. Giles in the Fields 
Stood a column, erected in 1694 and removed in 1773. 
In Evelyn’s Diary, and again in Gay’s I7rivia, this is 
described as bearing seven dials, but Thorne, in his 
Handbook, to the Environs of London, 1876, says that the 
block on which the dials were fixed is distinctly six- 
sided and is used as a mounting block near ‘The 
Ship Inn,’ Weybridge. The column itself was te- 
erected on Weybridge Green in 1822. 


CLOG MAKER 
Tuos. Berry Ar the Patten and Crowne, under St. 
Dunstan’s Church in Fleet Street. (Size 64” x 44”.) 
In the Banks Collection. Dated 1799. 


This beautifully drawn card is reproduced in Hodgkin’s 
Rariora. 


CLOTHIERS 


CaASALTINE & Matuews ‘l¢ the Lamb and Star the 
24 shop in Houndsditch, faceing Aldgate Church.’ 
toes) x5.) 

Houndsditch (see under Plate EX). 

KENELM Dawson Af the Sign of the Jolly Sailor in Mon- 
mouth Street (St. Giles’). (Size 54” x 4”.) 

Monmouth Street in the eighteenth century was noted 
for its second-hand clothiers’ or “slop shops.’ 

Costume 1740 circa. 


COALMAN 


XVII. Joun Epwarps ‘4¢ the Old Collier and Cart at Fleet Ditch 


near Holborn Bridge.’ (Size 4” x 34”.) 
This catd has a space at the bottom for the account. 


a2 
Plate No. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


COALMAN (contd.) 


The specimen referred to contains an invoice dated 
1717 for 
“z Load of Coals & all Accounts 17/-.’ 

“The Fleet Ditch’ was cleaned out, enlarged and banked 
in 1670 to allow of the passage of barges up as far as 
Holborn. The Fleet joined the Old Bourne at the 
foot of Holborn Hill. 


COLOURMAN 


. NATHAN Drake Af the White Hart, Long Acre. In the 


Pranks Collection. (Size 7” x 54”.) 

The White Hart couchant with collar and chain was the 
otdinatry badge of King Richard I, surnamed 
of Bordeaux. 

Long Acre has been noted for its famous coach-makers 
since the seventeenth century, and no doubt attracted 
ancillary trades such as those of Colourmen. 


CONFECTIONER 


. D. Necri Af the Pine Apple in Berkeley Square. (Size 


1H x64") 
The Pineapple was the emblem generally adopted by 
confectioners in the eighteenth century. 


Negri and Gunter were confectioners at the ‘Pot and 
Pineapple, Berkley Squate,’ in 1784. 

In the Banks Collection is a card of Negri and Wetten 
at Berkeley Square and also of Wetten and Son, 
19 Bruton Street, dated 1785 and 1801. 


In the same collection is a:card of ‘Gunter, confectioner, 
31 New Bond Street, from Mr. Negri’s.’ This is 
dated 1787. 

No. 5 Berkeley Square has long been famous in its 
connection with Messrs. Gunter. The building of 
the Square itself was begun in 1698. 


Plate No. 


XXI. 


0.458 


XXIII. 


XXIV. 


XXV. 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 73 


COPPER PLATE MAKER 
BENJAMIN Wuitrow A¢ the Crown in Shoe Lane(Holborn). 
(Size 74” x 6".) 
The Crown is one of the oldest signs, and is read of as 


early as 1467. Shoe Lane was a centre for Sign 
Painters and the designers of broad-sheets. 


COSTUMIER 


Jacxson’s Hasit WAREHOUSE in Tavistock Street, 
Covent Garden. Woodifield sculp* 


In Mr. E. E. Newton’s Collection. Dated 1770. 


Tavistock Street in the eighteenth century was one of 
the most fashionable shopping streets. 


CUPP 


Joun Ricc. ‘At the Hummums in the Little Piazza, 
Covent Garden.’ Woodifield, Sculpt (Size 7” x 54”.) 


‘Hummums is a Bagnio or place for sweating in Covent 
Garden. Here is also a cold bath for such as are 
disposed to use it.—Hatton’s New Vzew of London, 
1708. 


John Rigg states that ‘it has always been kept and 
preserved for near an Hundred Years.’ 


CUTLER 


Joun BraiusForD, “in ye Broad part of St. Martins 
Court, Leicester Fields.’ (Size 6” x 4”.) 


On the back of this card various prescriptions have been 
noted, one is headed ‘Receipt for ye Jaundies.’ 


DAIRYMAN 


TuHos. Epwarps at the Ass and Foal, Matylebone Lane. 
G2izen7) <0; ) 
In the Banks Collection. Dated 1781. 


74 


Plate No. 
Vile 


Dies 


XXVIII. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


DENTIST 


Law. No. ro St. Albans Street, Pall Mall. (Size 4” x 3”.) 
In the Banks Collection. Machy, sculpt. 


DRAWING MASTER 
T. SANpDBy, Junr. St. George’s Row, Oxford Street. 
(Size.9$” x 6$".) 
B. West, R.A., inv: F. Bartolozzi, R.A., etched. 
Published May, 1791, by T. Sandby, Junr., St. George’s 
Row. 
B. West was elected P.R.A. in the following year. 


The address is the same as on that of the card of Paul 
Sandby the artist. A proof before letters is in the 
Franks Colle@ion. 


DYER 
JoHN WILpDBLOOD at ¢he Rainbow and 3 Pidgons in St. 
Clements Lane in Lombard Street. (Size 54” x 32”.) 
In the Victoria and Albert Museum. 


The Rainbow was a favourite and appropriate sign for 
Dyers, and this device, not dissimilarly drawn, is to be 
seen on the poster of a Dyer and Cleaner to-day. 


ENGRAVERS 


. WM. AND CLUER Dicey af the Maidenhead in Bow Church 


Yard. (Size 8” x 6”.) 

‘It is impossible to determine whether “the Maiden- 
head”? was set up as a compliment to the Duke of 
Buckingham, to Catherine Parr, or to the Mercers’ 
Company, for it is the crest of the three.... but 
since Elizabeth’s reign it has doubtless frequently 
referred to the Virgin Queen.’ (Larwood and Hotten’s 
History of Signboards.) It was a sign used by the early 
printers. 


Plate No. 


XXX. 


XXXI. 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 75 


ENGRAVERS (contd.) 


In 1'e London Journal, 1724,isanadvertisement of Cluer’s 
Printing Offices, and a later one gives notice that the 
business is carried on by his widow, Elizabeth Cluer. 


The firm seems always to have specialised in the 
engraving of Shopkeepers’ Bills, and in one adver- 
tisement adds, ‘Likewise Mr. Handel’s Operas are 
there Engraved, Printed and Sold.’ 


W. Hocartu, dated Aprill ye 23. 1720. (Size 4” x 2?”.) 
In the Franks Colleétion. 


Bryan’s Dittonary of Painters and Engravers says that this 
card is Hogarth’s earliest known work. It appears in 
S. Ireland’s Graphic Wustrations of Hogarth. 


See list of Hogarth’s Trade Cards on p. 63 and also 
Plate V, which it will be seen is dated 1718. A some- 
what similar card bears the wording: 


‘W. Hogarth 
Engraver at_ye Golden Ball 
Ye corner of Cranbourne Alley 
Little Newport Street.’ 


In the Sale Catalogue of Samuel Ireland’s Collection 
this is described as Hogarth’s ‘shop-bill or message 
card.’ 


FIRE ENGINE MAKER 
JoHn Bristow. Ratcliffe Highway, Larken sculpt. 
Dated 1775. (Size 94” x6”.) 
The Manual Engine is marked ‘J. Bristow fecit.’ 


The three badges below it are those of The London 
Assurance, The Sun, and The Royal Exchange Fire 
Insurance Companies. In the Guildhall Library is 
another card of John Bristow with ‘A Perspective 
View of part of the Ruins of the late dreadful Fire 
which happened in Cornhill March 25th, 1748.’ This 
one has the badges of twenty-one Fire Insurance 
Companies. 


76 


Plate No. 
DANO G Be 


XXXII. 


XXXIV. 


XXXV. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


FRAME MAKERS 
Ross. No. 113 Gt. Portland Street. Pergolesi del. et 
sculpt (Size 3x52) 
In the Banks Collection. Dated 1788. 


JosErpH Cox in Round Court in St. Martin’s-le-Grand. 
(Size 6” x 32”.) Inthe Banks Collection. Dated 1786. 


FROCK SHOP 


Mary AND ANN HoGartn. ‘From the old Frock Shop 
the corner of the Long Walk facing the Cloysters. 
Removed to Y°* King’s Arms joyning to y® Little 
Britain Gate near Long Walk.’ (Size 62” x 42”, also 

Uso BM 
43 X33'-) 

Hogarth del: T. Cook sculpt. 

This engraving is usually considered to be one of the 
Ireland forgeries. 

Mary and Ann were sisters of Wm. Hogarth who died 
1764. Mary, born 1699, predeceased her brother, and 
Ann, born 1701, died in 1771. Little Britain is said, 
according to Stow, to have taken its name from a 
mansion used by the Dukes of Brittany. It was 
famous for its Booksellers’ Shops. 

The Cloisters, those of Christ’s Hospital, adjoined Long 
Walk and led to St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; the 
Gate was one leading into Christ’s Hospital. 

The costumes shown ate 1730-1740. 


GOLDSMITHS 
Dr LA FONTAINE (see note to Frontispiece, p. 67). 
Exiis GAMBLE at he Golden Angel in Cranbourn St., 
Leicester Fields. A. M. Ireland sculpt. (Size 72” x 52”.) 
Wheatley’s London Past and Present quotes the following 
extract from Knowles’ Life of Fuseh: | 
“At the Golden Angel in Cranbourne St. Leicester Fields 
lived Ellis Gamble the goldsmith to whom Hogarth 


Plate No. 


XXXVI. 


XXXVI. 


XXXVI. 


XXXIX. 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 1 


GOLDSMITHS (contd.) 


was apptenticed to learn the art of silverplate en- 
gtaving. [1712.] A shop-bill engraved for Gamble 
by this eminent apprentice is oreatly coveted by the 
collectors of Hogarth’s works and fine impressions 
fetch extraordinary prices.’ 


Samuel Ireland considered his own impression of this 
card to be unique—it is certainly very rare. In the 
Catalogue of the Sale of Ireland’s Collection, 1797, it 
is recorded that this print had previously fetched ae 


Cranbourne Street or Alley (see description to Plate 
LXXXVI). 


JoHN RaymMonp af the Boy and Coral! in Gutter Lane. 
(Size 6” x 4”.) 
In the Franks Collection. 


BENJAMIN CARTWRIGHT A/ the Crown and Pearl, neat ye 
George Inn, West Smithfield. (Size 74” x 54”.) 


GROCERS 


GEORGE Farr af the Bee-hive and Three Sugar Loaves in 
Wood Street near Cheapside. (Size 9” x 6}”.) 


The Three Sugar Loaves was the most usual sign for 
Grocers and Tea-men. 


Wood Street, Stow suggests, was named after Thos. 
Wood (Sheriff 1491), but it was so called before 
that date. The well-known tree at the Cheapside 
corner marks the site of the church of St. Peter-in- 


Cheap. 


A Spanish hotse snuff mill and a Scotch mull are shown 
at the foot of this card. | 


Ray AND Lumury Af the Tea-Tub, Three Sugar Loaves 
and Crown near Cruched-Fryers in Mark Lane. 
J. Watts, sculpt. (Size 6” x 44”.) 

Mark Lane, or originally Mart Lane, ‘so called of a 
privilege sometime enjoyed to keep a mart there.’ 


78 


Plate No. 


XL. 


DEE 


ADIT. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


GROCERS (contd.) 


Stow says, “In this street (Hart Street or Crutchet Friars) 
sometime stood one house of Crouched (or Crossed) 
Priars—founded about the year 1298.’ 


The Great Fire broke out in Mark Lane (compare 
Pepys’s Dzary, Sep. 2, 1666). 


JoHn RicHarpson ‘A? the Canifler and Three Sugar 
Loaves against Hatton Garden.’ (Size 54” x 4”.) 


On the back of this card is a bill dated 1756 which reads: 
“A Single Loaf rolbs. 130z. at 8d. o 7 24 
Souchong Tea lb. o ‘tov.coe 


HABERDASHERS 


PEARSON ‘at the Roya/ Point in ‘Tavistock Street, Covent 
Garden.’ Bride, sculpt. Dated 1774. (Size 82” x 7”.) 

The sign denotes the Laceman. 

This is a good example of the Trade Card which has a 
bill-heading printed on the back of it (see p. 2), 
where the full name (Matthew Pearson) is given, and 
the street number (74) has been inserted. 


An earlier card of Pearson’s adds ‘of Paulin’s’ to the 
address. Paulin’s was a famous haberdasher, also in 
Tavistock Street (see p. 19). 


SIBBELLA LLoyp, MARTHA WILLIAMS & ELIZABETH 
StToREY ‘at Ye Three Angels against George Yard, 
Lombard Street.’ (Size 74” x 5”.) 


Three Angels was a sign often adopted by Linen Drapers. 

In R. Harwood’s Plan (1792) this house is numbered 
32 Lombard Street. 

Hilton Price, in his Szgvs of Lombard Street, gives: 

No. 32 Three Angels, 1723. Mary Browne and 


Margaret Morris. 
1731. Richard Browne. 


Plate No. 


XLIT. 


XLIV. 


XLV. 


XLVI. 


XOLVIE 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 79 


HABERDASHERS (contd.) 


The George and Vulture Inn mentioned in The Pickwick 
Papers stood at the end of George Yard. 


JAMEs Raynotps Af the Hand and Penn in Rusell St., 
Covent Garden. (Size 5}” x 33”.) 

The Hand and Pen was the Sign of Scriveners and Writing 
Mastets. 


HATTERS 


CHARLES PaGeEt at the Black Boy and Hatt, High Holbourn. 
Bsize 85" 0) | 


THOMAS COLLYER ‘at ye King’s Armes and Beaver in 
Exchange Alley in Cornhill.’ (Size 74” x 44”.) 
*Haberdasher of Hatts.’ 


The origin of the word haberdasher, according to Skeat, 
is Icelandic—hapurtask, from the haversack in which 
pedlars carried their wares. 


The Royal Arms are those of William III, 1689-1702, 
and it was no doubt out of compliment to him that 
the advertisement is repeated in Dutch. Exchange 
Alley now Change Alley. 


HOSIERS 


Witt1amM Roperts ‘at the Three Squrrils in Jermyn 
erecta l(o1zen5_ <6.) 

‘Cages with climbing squirrels and beils to them were 
formerly the indispensable appendages of the outside 
of a Tinman’s shop, and were, in faét, the only live 
sien.’ (Larwood and Hotten’s History of Signboards.) 

A bill made out by W. Roberts to Charles Howard, Esq. 
(afterwards the 11th Duke of Norfolk), is dated 1775. 
Gray the poet was in the habit of lodging at Robert’s 
the hosiers at the east end of Jermyn Street. 


Tuomas Moore ‘d /’Enseigne de I’ Evesque Blaze dans 
Chiswell Street’ (Finsbury Square). (Size 8” x 6}”.) 


80 


Plate No. 


XLVI. 


Li 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


HostkErs (contd.) 


Bishop Blaze or Blaize, otherwise St. Blasius, was Bishop 
of Sebaste in Cappadocia, and became the patron saint 
of Woolcombers. He is represented with the instru- 
ment of his martyrdom—an iron comb. 

The arms are those of George III. 

In the Franks ColleGtion is a rather similar card of 
Thomas Moote, but with the letterpress in English 
and without the Royal Arms. At the foot is a frame- 
knitting machine. On the back is a bill dated 1777. 
The plate is signed B. Webb script. Morrison sculpt. 


INSTRUMENT MAKER 


James Simons ‘at Sir Isaac Newton’s Head Marylebone 
Street.’ (Size 64” « 42”.) 
Longmate, sculpt. 


Marylebone Street (Regent Street) was built cerca 1680, 
and was so called because it led from Hedge Lane 
(now Whitcomb St.) to Marylebone. 


ITALIAN WAREHOUSEMAN 


Mrs. Hott at ye Two Olive Posts, Strand. 
Hogarth del. A. M. Ireland sculpt. (Size 62” x 5”.) 


In the Catalogue of the Sale of Samuel Ireland’s 
Collection it is stated that this print had previously 
sold for nine guineas. 


This same design is used on the Billhead (dated 1772) of 
John Marchi at the Three Jars and Two Flasks, wine 
merchant, in the Haymarket. Slightly altered, it 
appeats again on the Trade Card of Kilgour & Cumine, 
grocers, in New Bond Street. 


The Olwe Tree was a common sign for Italian Ware- 
housemen. . 


Plate No. 


be 


wh 


LH. 


LUI. 


LIV. 


LY. 


LVI. 


LVII 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 81 


LAMPLIGHTERS 

JOHN Ciarx, Denmark Street, St. Giles-in-the-Fields. 
(Size 6” x 74".) 

WILL. Conaway, in Dean Street, Soho. (Size 54” x 4”.) 

The card shows Monmouth House, Soho Squate, built 
by Sir Christopher Wren, where Bateman’s Buildings 
now stand. See details on p. 26. 

The same engraving appears on the card in the Banks 
Collection of Joel Iles, oilman, Queen Street, Soho. 


LIBRARY 

Francis Nosie’s at “Osway’s Head, King Street, Covent 
Garden.’ Ravenet, sculpt. (Size 74” x 5}”.) 

Francis Noble died 1792. 

The costumes date this card 1745-1750. 

In 1770 there were only four Circulating Libraries in 
London. The earliest was Wright’s in the Strand, 
Started in 1740. 


LINEN DRAPERS 

BENJAMIN COLE ‘at the Sum in St. Paul’s Churchyard.’ 
B. Cole, sculpt. (Size 6” x 4”.) 

The costume is that of the reign of George I or late 
Queen Anne, 1710-1720. 

JoHn Morris ‘at the Old Black Boy in Norton Folgate.’ 
(Size 52” x 4”.) 

The Black, Boy was usually a tobacconist’s sign. 

EpwaArb Eyre ‘at the Wheatsheaf in York Street, Covent 
Garden.’ (Size 52” x 32”.) 

The Wheatsheaf is more commonly a baker’s sign. 

PETER OrTON ‘at the Black-Moors Head in Fleet Street,’ 
dated 1754. (Size 74” x 5”.) 

Negroes were called Black Moots or Black-a-moots to 
distinguish them from the Moors or Tawny Moors. 
KE. Jerrerys ‘at the Dolphin over against Middle Row, 

Holborn.’ (Size 6” x 32”.) 


82 


Plate No. 


LVIII. 


LIX. 


Lex. 


LXI. 


Exh 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


LINEN DRAPERS (contd.) 


Middle Row was an island row of houses towards the 
south side of the street by Holborn Bars, nearly 
opposite the end of Gray’s Inn Road. It was pulled 
down in 1867. 


In the Hon. Gerald Ponsonby Colleétion there is a later 
card of Jefferys’ with a Chippendale frame. 


MERCERS 


Epwarp Novwrse at ye Turks Head, Cheapside. (Size 
64" x 4h".) 
This house was subsequently No. 13 Cheapside. It was 
occupied in 1744-1766 by Phipps & Henley, Mercers 
1760 by John Henley, Mercer. 
1767 by Edwards, Salmon & Ryder, Mercets. 


CRANSTON ‘at the Three Nuns and Wheatsheaf in Great 
Bridge Street, Westminster.’ (Size 82” x 7?”.) 

The Tree Nuns was a sign often adopted by drapers. 
The connection has been accounted for by the repu- 
tation that the holy sisterhoods had for being expert 
in lace embroidery and other fine work. 


Apams’s ‘at the Seven Stars in Norris Street, near St. 
James’s, Hay Market.’ (Size 7” x 43”.) 

The seven stars of the Pleiades is one of the Masonic 
emblems. Norris Street led westward from the 
Haymarket into St. James’ Market, which last was 
demolished to make way for the southern part of 
Regent Street. In the centre Stood a large Market Hall. 


Wm. RypER AND Epwp. NICKLIN at the Indian Oueen, 
by the Cloisters, West Smithfield. (Size 73” x 5”.) 
The Cloisters are St. Bartholomew’s. 


WHITEHEAD RUMBALL ‘at the Golden Anchor neat the 
New Church in the Strand.’ (Size 6” x 4”.) 


Plate No. 


EXIT, 


LXIV. 


LXV. 


LXVI. 


G2 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 83 


MERCERS (confd.) 

‘The New Church’ is St. Mary-le-Strand, built by 
James Gibbs in 1714. Here stood the great Maypole 
which was set up in 1661. 

“What’s not destroyed by Time’s devouring hand 

Where’s Troy, and where’s the Maypole in the 
Strand?’ 
Bramston, Art of Politics, 1731. 

“Where the tall Maypole once o’erlooked the Strand.’ 

Pope, The Dunciad. 


EpwarpbD ARGLES at ye Indian King, near Warwick Coutt, 
Holborn. (Size 74” x 5”.) 

Warwick Court stands on the site of the Earl of War- 
wick’s house. 


GaBRIEL Douce ‘at ye Lamb and Black Spread Eagle’ in 
New Round Court, Strand. (Size 54” x 44”.) 

In the Franks Collection. 

New Round Court was on the north side of the Strand 
where now stands the Charing Cross Hospital. 


GARNHAM Epwarps ‘at the O/d Indian Queen, faceing 
Hatton Garden, Holborn.’ (Size 5?” x 42”.) 

The shop probably stood on the site of John Gerard’s 
egatden—his Herba/ was published in 1597. On the 
other side of Holborn were the gardens of Hatton 
House. 


MILLINER 
MartHA WHEATLAND AND SISTER ‘at Queen Charlott’s 
Head, Neat Wood Street, Cheapside.’ 
W. Tringham, sculpt., dated 1761. (Size 7” x 54”.) 
The Queen of George III rarely figures on signs. 


From the fourteenth to the seventeenth century only the 
shops of goldsmiths were permitted in Cheapside; 
after Charles I it was inhabited by mercers and 
linen drapers. 


84 


Plate No. 
Lasy its 


LXVIII. 


tod Bs 


LXX. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


NIGHTMEN 


Wittram Woopwarp, 1 Marylebone Passage, Wells 
Street, Oxford Market. (Size 72” x 6”.) 


In the Victoria and Albert Museum. 

Oxford Market was demolished in 1880; the site is now 
occupied by Oxford Mansions. 

Joun Hunr in Goswell Street, near Mount Mill. (Size 
7" x58") 

Mount Mill in Goswell Street (now Goswell Road) was 
on the east side, opposite Compton Street. 


PAPERSTAINER 
James WHEELEY ‘opposite the Church in Little Britain.’ 
(OIZe"O BCT.) 
In the Banks Collection. 
The costume here indicates 1760 to 1770. 


Little Britain, in early days “‘Brettone Strete.’ Stow 
derives the name ‘of the Dukes of Brittany lodging 
there.’ 


PAPERSTAINER AND ENGRAVER 


Marts. Dariy “Ast the Acorn facing Hungerford, 
Strand.’ (Size 10” x 72".) | 

Matt. Darly inv. & sculpt. In the Banks Colledtion, 
dated 1791. 


M. Darly was a well-known caricaturist, engraver and 
printseller. A large number of the plates for 
Chippendale’s The Gentleman and Cabinet-makers’ 
Direttor (1754-1762) wete engraved by him. 


Charing Cross Station stands on the site of Hungerford 
Market. 


Plate No. 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 85 
PAWNBROKER 


LXXI. JoHN FLupeE, No. 2 Grace Church Street. 


LX XII. 


LXXIV. 


LXXV. 


Delegal sculpt. From Mr. E. E. Newton’s Colleétion. 

In Norden’s Map of London, Gracechurch Street is 
marked ‘Gratious Street.’ Stow terms it ‘Grasse 
Street.’ 


PERFUMER 


. RICHARD WARREN ‘at the Golden Fleece in Maty-le-Bonne 


Street, Golden Square & fronting Wood Street, 
Cheapside.” (Size 62" x 8$".) 

New Complete Guide, 1777, gives Warren at Marylebone 
street. 

London Direttory, 1784, places him at No. 5 Marylebone 
Street, and also at No. 41 Cheapside. 

Marylebone Street (see description, Plate XLVIII). 


PERUKE MAKERS 

WILLIAM JOHNSON in Castle Alley, Royal Exchange. 

Engraved by Grayhur. 

Castle Alley now Castle Court. (Size 7” x 52”.) 

Costume 1750 circa. 

THomAs GrpBons ‘at the Blew and White Peruke in 
Rosemary Lane.’ (Size 54” x 4}".) 

Rosemary Lane—now Rev Mint Street, formerly Hog 
Lane; here was a notorious mart for old clothes called 
the Rag Fair. 


PEWTERERS 


THos. SCATTERGOOD ‘at the Blackmoors Head near the 
South Sea House in Bishopsgate Street.’ (Size 
42” X32") 

South Sea House, built for the famous company in 1711 
—now the home of ‘The Baltic.’ 

Thomas Scattergood was Warden of the Pewterers’ 
Company in 1733; his ‘touch’ or mark was Two 


86 
Plate No. 


LXX VI. 


LXXVII. 


LXXVIII. 


LXXIX. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


PEWTERERS (contd.) 
Hands with Hammers and a Rose. His son, Thomas 
Scattergood, was Warden 1770 and 1773, and Master 
in 1774 and 1775. 
Blackmoor’s Head (see description notes to Plate LVI). 
Joun Kenrick, near Cherry Garden Stairs, Rotherhithe. 
(Size 62” x 42”.) 
In the Victoria and Albert Museum. . 
John Kenrick was Renter Warden of the Pewterers’ 
Company in 1754. His ‘touch’ was a Stork. 


PIN-MAKERS 

GeEorGE WorRALL, THO. WEAVER, JN. WOODWARD, 
and JN. JEFFERIS, dated 1756. (Size 64” x 4”.) 

The Arms ate those of the Pinners’ and Needlers’ 
Company. 

Pennant says ‘most of the houses on London Bridge 
were tenanted.by Pin-makers. The houses were 
removed in 1761.’ Most of them wete demolished 
before that date—one tenement, that leased to Mary 
Russell and let to John Evans at the ‘South East 
End,’ stood until Lady Day, 1762. 

Until the erection of Westminster Bridge in 1750, this 
was the only bridge over the Thames at London. 


PRINTSELLER 
DorotHy MercrEr ‘at the Golden Ball in Windmill 
Street, Golden Square.’ (Size 10” x 6”.) 
In the Banks Collection, dated 1781. 
The costumes are those of 1750-1760. 


QUACK ; 

Dr. JAmes’s Powpers ‘sold only by J. Newbery, a 
the Bible and Sun in St. Paul’s Churchyard.’ (Size 
LO2 x 1oe) 

T. Kitchin sculpt. In the Banks Collection, dated 1782. 

Bible and Sun, No. 65 St. Paul’s Churchyard, was 

occupied in 1757-1775 by John Newbery, Publisher. 


Plate No. 


LXXX. 


xX Xi: 


LXXXIIa. 


LXXXIIs. 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 87 


QUACK (contd.) — 

“Here Johnson sold the Vzcar of Wakefield for 60 guineas 
for Oliver Goldsmith. . . . Newbery appears from 
old advertisements to have done a large business in 
patent medicines. ... The site is now occupied by 
The Religious Tract Society.’ (Hilton Price’s ‘Signs 
of Old London,’ in London Topographical Records, 
Vol. IIL.) 

John Newbery was the pioneer publisher of special 
books for children. 


RAZOR MAKERS 

HENRY PatreN ‘at the Saw and Crown in Middle Row, 
Holborn.’ E. Warner sculpt. (Size 74” x 6”.) 

Middle Row (see notes on Plate LVII). 

JAMES BERNARDEAU “at the Piffol and L. in Russell Coutt, 
Druty Lane.’ 

Russell Court was a foot passage from Drury Lane to 
Catherine Street. 

An initial was often introduced into cutlers’ signs (see 
p. 16). The description is repeated in French. 


SCALE MAKERS 


JouN Picarp ‘at ye Hand and Scales the corner of Maiden 
Lane in Wood Street.’ (Size 34” x 2}”.) 

John Picard is known to have been in business at this 
house in 1726. 

Tim'y. Roperts ‘at the Hand and Scales next ye Corner 
of Queen Street in Watling Street.’ (Size 22” x 12”.) 

Queen Street was made just after the Great Fire to give 
a direct route from the Guildhall down to the river. 

This card is interesting, as it gives the gold coinage of 
James I, together with the foreign gold pieces in 
currency. 


88 


Plate No. 
LXXXIII. 


LXXXIV. 


LXXXV. 


LXXXVI. 


LXXXVIL. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


SEDAN CHAIR MAKER 


W. INsLey in Marylebone Street, St. James’s. In the 
Banks Collection, dated 1780. (Size 5” x 34”.) 


Sedan Chairs were introduced into England by the Duke 
of Buckingham in the reign of Charles I. 


SCHOOLMISTRESS 


Mrs. MASQUERIER’S, Church Lane, Kensington. In the 
Banks Collection, dated 1782. (Size 54” x7".) 


SHIP BROKER 
WILLIAM Lem, Exchange Alley. T. Kirk, sculpt. 
In the Franks Collection. (Size 7?” x 6}”.) 


Thomas Kirk, painter and engraver, exhibited at the 
R.A., 1785-1796. 


SHOEMAKER 
JoHn SNowpon ‘at the Angel and Three Shoes in Cran- 
bourn Alley.’ (Size 6” x 4”.) 


Cranbourne Alley or Street was a paved footway from 
Castle Street to Leicester Square; it was famous for 
its milliners’ shops. 


On the back of this card is noted, ‘The Bootmaket’s 
Bill for a Paire of Boots for the Boy fo. 12. 6.’ 
Dated 1764. 


STATIONER 
DANIEL RicHarps ‘at St. Andrews Church, Holborn.’ 
(Size 5$" x 4".) 
St. Andrew’s on Holborn Hill (see p. 27). 
Daniel Richards born 1715, died 1802. 
‘Father of the Parish of St. Andrews. Kept a stationer’s 


Plate No. 


LXXX VIII. 


LXXXIX. 


2 & 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES 89 


STATIONER (contd.) 
shop for 60 years. Senior member of the Court of 
Assistants of the Stationers’ Company.’—(Timperly’s 
Printers’ Manual.) 
He also issued another and rather later card, a simply 
lettered announcement enclosed in a ‘Chippendale’ 
frame. 


SURGEON 
CHARLES PETER, St. Martin’s Lane. Ant. Schoonian 
pinxt. Jos. Nutting sculpt., dated 1705. (Size 
Bh" x52") 
Engraved British Portraits mentions this plate: 
“Charles Peter Surgeon and Empiric b. 1648’ 
Hodgkin reproduces this card in his Rariora. 
Anthonie Schoonjans, b. 1650, d. 1726. 
Joseph Nutting, famous engraver of portraits. 


TALLOW CHANDLER 

THomas Payne ‘in St. Ann’s Lane near Aldersgate.’ 
(ize. 6° x 4°.) 

Stent fecit. 

Displays the Arms of the Tallow Chandlers’ Company. 

In St. Ann’s Lane, now Gresham Street, stood the 
church of St. Ann-in-the-Willows, destroyed in the 
Great Fire and rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren. 


TEA DEALER 
Rosert Foca ‘at the China Jarr in New Bond Street.’ 
(Size 44" x 34”.) 


TINMAN 


. Ropert Howarp ‘at the Wheatsheaf and Trumpet, Sraith- 


field Bars.’ (Size 64” x 5”.) 
This was the great grandfather of J. E. Hodgkin, 
collector and author of Rariora. 


90 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Plate No. TRUNK MAKERS 
XCII. Samuet Forsatrtu ‘at Industry and Indolence in Long Acte.’ 
Willm. Clark, sculpt. (Size 72” x 6”.) 
XCIII. JoHN CLEMENTS, ‘the corner of St. Pauls next Cheapside.’ 
(Size 72” x 6”.) 
Bill on back dated 1762. 
Hilton Price’s Signs of Cheapside gives Bucket and 
Truck. No. 7 Cheapside, corner of St. Paul’s Church- 


yard, occupied by Bundy. Portmanteau, leather fire 
buckets, hose truck makers. Probable date 1760. 


TRUSS MAKER 


XCIV. JOHN RICHARDSON ‘at the Golden Key, Prescot Street, 
Goodmans Fields.’ (Size 52” x 34".) 

Hatton, in 1708, speaking of Prescott Street, said: © 
“Instead of Signs the houses here are distinguished 
by numbers as the Staircases in the Inns of Court and 
Chancery.’ This street is usually considered to be the 
first one in which numbering of houses was adopted. 

On the back is a bill dated 1748, under which is written, 
‘Tf it Does not fitt please Return it and I will alter it 
or Change it.’ 


TURNER 
XCV. Exrz. BARTON Stent ‘at the Turners Arms in Little 
Britain.’ (Size 62” x 32”.) 
Little Britain (see note to Plate LXIX). 


UNDERTAKERS 
XCVI. GrorGE SMITHSON ‘opposite ¢he Bu//and Gate, Holbourn,’ 
dated 1740. (Size 64” x 5”.) 
‘Bull and Gate,’ a corruption of Boulogne Gate, one of 
the gates of Calais. 


Plate No. 
XCVII. 


Cy iit, 


ACIX, 


DESCRIPTION OF PLATES gl 


UNDERTAKERS (contd.) 
RoBERT GREEN ‘at the Four Coffins, St. Margaret’s Hill, 
Southwark,’ dated 1752. (Size 8” x 64”.) 


The same engraving is found on the card of George 
Page, undertaker, at the same address. 


UPHOLSTERERS 


James Ropwe.u ‘at the Royal Bed and Star, faceing 
Bedlam Walk in Moorfields.’ (Size 84” x 6”.) 

The ‘Walk’ alongside the Bethlehem Hospital was a 
fashionable promenade in the early half of the 
eighteenth century. 

Rosert Lice ‘at the Sign of ye Leg’ in Holborn. (Size 
72" ‘<< Go) 

M. Darly sculpt. (see note to Plate LXX). 

Occasion was often taken to use a rebus in Trades- 
men’s signs, cards, and tokens. (See Larwood and 
Hotten, p. 469 e¢ seq.) 


WOOLLEN DRAPERS 


PETER HopcGson ‘at the Wool Pack in Grace Church 
Street.’ (Size Gt’ x 5}’.) 
Gracechutch Street (see note to Plate LX-XI). 


. Rricup. Fawson ‘at the Golden Fleece, St. Paul’s Church- 


yard.’ (Size 72” x 6”.) 
T. Kirk sculpt. (see note to Plate LXXXYV). 











goats IN ITP 


Ky “Ss \ ’ eee 
a) Sher Vill®O Dye 
, ed Bag ehtien en poaerstash 


t ») wee ; 2 Wt the: Mb br, Sone A Fis ff OARS A Y y 
SS SY ; near the Cha, Yolerh hous 0nd. Citule i (lurch Y tard. aS: : 


LB 
fon 
eh 


rae ea = ee ( \— SP) 
Og ee ‘ontdans Q: (oa : A 


we * we 
ai) ) Ae Ms Booka all Liny UadCS i o Faull me iY 

te % bles, Common. aye yer KIhool-bookas \\i i i 
_— 2B all Sorts: Whole sale ort heelale Dam ans) 
| { S Periodical Publications ofall kinds . > arr “ 
Lay Cardo, Pocket Cites of then nent -y i] 7 I< 

cod fashion, Slutionary Mi aM sors ofall Sorts, ¢ Prove 

| Wg Se + AZ. Aicady © Mone yy or diay Lebrary/ % WW fr 
WAN or Pare ell - “haliona> of Books = ny ; 














BHOMAS “PrcKEr a). 
Brahier ,/. CALE hice. e LO 
IM" Hancock Pall Mall) 


Cc 


liwes atthes: “gre. SY i rym oy 
Pea eee C ompton S treet 

Yy Oi OPTLEr Frith Stree tL 
Nat Sorts of Brat opper oy 
Opes 72S 0Uuf holley Sey: | 



















James Potter, 
Leather -Breeches Maker. 


At the Sign of the Boot and Breeches, 
within Three Doors of Aldgate, on 
the Left Hand Side of the Way, in 
Shoemaker-Row. gee 

Aketh and Selleth all Sorts of 
_Leather-Breeches, by Whole- 

fale and Retail, at Reafonable Rates. 
Likewifle Buck and Doe Skins and 
all Sorts of Leather for Breeches. | 


Printed at the Old Kathering- Wheel without Bithop(garc. | 








SE 


go SSD Bn eo % 

f ( Gla SS \ NE ; 

i TI SS La Sgt: 3) 
Bihan He D 


the Oldest Orie inal a a aker 






te ERD (eins! a7 4 
pee alte / 
Tlemov dfrom Y Dit hye gored fa yl unr eou) 
NB.Who has the Honour to Serve a 


[yas See) 
royal Sanily 








Thay tS uses me 4 


0 tain 
AS ¥ a. 


ris 


pa 





1A 











= gigs 


nahpoe ae a Guns, v. 


a, 


C? boyy. c ik oe van UU = 














oe fod 


Char oy Gey: Os he. CI é Hh j 


Fy A = ~~ 
DW PNAVES = ATC. 


Cabinet Makerand Upholdi terer, 
ae Ler eae ee 





Vil 

















AT THE ; 


Dee lovertl haiis 5 Wilhaat Troe 


\ 


the Eaft Side of S\7zza/$ Church Yard,near the Shoot... ) 
Mhes and fallyallsart of the best most fashinable_ar 
Chis atherCoverd Wlattedor Cant Ltewree all Torts of | 

— Cbinet Mork, mith A farnees Vcr by Chimney Glafoes, Matoyany | 
and ather Salles: Blenals or Winders mau Sy Carusly 
Sunt on Canvas, tlh, abe: Wheres good Chute, > 


bast praunted ofanysehonden none aroyted ). ODO >. 


MV Upholsters work o al Forts neat ky fer. 





cS s 


e 


) 











Vill 








SEA terest a setae eS | 


ar ey 





Buck ime! uingaty de ighno fhe Gallic} 
Pinter i IN Hounsditch | rints i oe 
Galbicoes oincin oSilkes odstuste 65 
Wen or Ouéd ae Qeasoelle Ro 












TaCeGeRSsSBaceases™ Ca ODE co 


peg euceusove =PUSUROnBas see. eaers 


4 tere eee 
= e 


jaaeerewsverevaas esse 


oy Ys 





. 4 Pot 
an hii geen nal — 
: Lf} “ath 
Se NE My  / ii 
ri i : 
PTOI Y AITO a, SSS. eas 
Proeettattteey porto terri tah me - patil ‘s 
ee weit i aN : SELEPPHD 1 bat bh) al EE 
Dry 
oN RS * 


QOL ATTN 


Reed 





and UNDERTAKER. ' 
Nk Carperters Arms prea} oped Ger 


near Temple Barr, LONDON. 


= 





UL Ty 


Wa anes eg 
COTO SAT 
. es 








MeV. MM sorts of Moves aching Casesmailiy 


ter - EL “4 








ee 





- 

















. 


SE 
win 


ZaZZEEZAZZZLA: 


lait gh : 
ZF: 


RD 





‘ a (le Fecl 


XI 





Ss Ba 


V/A 


2 Ne) i i » \ 
COV GE AIPCAL COL, 


tz. 
CHIMNEY-SWEEPER to their 
hoyalltighingfis lhe LDuhes Sf 
if _-GLoUCESTER and CUMBERLAND. ; 
if at the ColdenBroomulhe Lop Sf Orofienor: Mews near 
i Berkley sS. Gare. Coliny wtslias Chimrcy DS ny 
q gm VIER O78 | (0 fCot aced Cleatus Copypera and We 
Hi Smuouk Sachs, lierid Sinvaliing Chitmevricite toe 
y/ OWE OT Court free Cur 10 Sey) ES ly 
Mitel lentwr lo iuatnefe Mims eye f 
teyferina PE SS. ane ky Pw DO eee 
wlrtvsatl care and apedilicn 5 


— 4 
a 


arg 


——— 


igaina 
{ & 1 





ale) tl 





XI] 





“ Ha ~ 4 
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d ANG; 
C= ° he 
py eis, aless ' (® 


\ 


face | 


© Sell all Sorts ects Cult and? 


Wy. jj j ‘ 
tig He ) 
HAM 1 i re 
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ee 


SS eae}, FF. 


oe. 
























ee 
rai . 
iss. © Se . 
i Mis \\ See 
 \ \ =. \ ‘ m 
' Z > 
ZZ | 4 = 
= 
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f 
i| 


uid OB ERRY at the Sh Hen & Crorne 
uunoer J, Dunflans Ourch mn SlLCCLS, aie 
iA (OL Selfeth 

i A, MU sorts ofFineLeather Cloggs fine Lea x 
A -therPrttens Corke Cloggs for a0 ver all 

N) Jords of Cle 995 fo r Gentlemen andall i 
other Sorts of | Cloggs ano Rattenslehewuse 
all Sorts r of Leather Cloggs or Children t 
Jol by whole Sate or Relate ~6) 4 


SSS Si} 





i 













ate 


XV 





> 





A 
a 







ISAS 4 
en een 


NOES 

C See & 

7 Z EiF, Vs Fax w 
4 —. 


aon 


= ras 
6 Pw &) aah) 
~ a) 
Y. \.. . ’ 9) 4 
a a eg 
Cy) 


or, 
SA 44 = 
kes 













beat is 


a 
PPE a ee ee OS TREES : Sots 
—-— —-——— --__— oa — — SA t Seer 


! ) 
Mens and Boys : =] Bs 





SH cy 
sot 





Jet Cloaths Ready 
ae Mad | 
af ; S| 











H = Mi 


DoD a Kk Ot osteo ok OOo Tao) 1 





4 


> 
, 


lg A S9/ @ \S I3\0F oe SP IX 29 JQ \ C32 
LAS : TAS RNAS es, pam DG Aas = WO: Dene G ba 
OOS, S/N OTE SIRO TS \ (OO Of 2 
hj oO? i >] 24s BF o L& ‘eal 






GG 


At the Lamb and Star the 2° Shop in 
Hound{ditch Faceing Aldgate Church 
oe LONDON. =. 
Sl all Sorts of Mens und Beyslloath 
Si adily WailecLi tones Colles, Drugets Yeti 
Se Chipeta er. Duroys Ss teities, Shigys Dire 
Lys ail Thalloor nel Ye Mens toying: 
 Oittns any ans, Cloth Crates Jilin Hoods, 
Hedeng Halil Quilted loalaHivgp-Lelticaats m 
haleaas (oats ax Likerrase Stefi laadiitlalle 
| MULPLOD, Damiasts Porm Criqpres fourdets KC 
ny] ce Wholesale & Veta at licanmate hates 


eee 
bm 


XVI 








cs at the eSigno of th a J ip Snes 

faker Sell alton MeksB 
asses he caf eis Be Lisle 

| roa i er 

| ale eae Goth hich x Bian Sfany 

Versort have ay LoDiisfeose oh keaselosernd to 

pe v rete inaet Vaio 
i ri Chat 


XVII 











7 the Old Collier and Cart,. 

at Fleet-Ditch, zear Hol- 
born-Bridge, Are good Coals, 
Deals, Wain{cote and Beach, &c. 
fold at reafonable Rates, by 


John Edwards, 


XVill 


‘ade oe 
ee he) 
oe =~ 


ara 


oe 























: SD pak ee I f 
Cos ae UR MAN 2 | 


eet Suviifier 2 je ae 
ww A “Sebi re Sic Litilireg 


At the WuHitE HART in in L Lowo-Acnz:) 
| IWS odor 
/ 
jj I Lie oR at] of fine CbouwBbC ae ON ) 


Ha fff f Sign a Clothes fle rele fine Fools and ~falletts; 
Zi 4 ater Colour i fercpared in the weatest manner ™ 


2 CUI0 Wakes all sorts of Crayons ta the bes S 4 
Ch hed hie wrecthods. Likewite, Sines cleans anadZ og y - 
Meenas He turca and hay cuery Crticle thatisuseo x *y) if ; 

at Painting or Drawing. OWE HG 
OMS OPTS of Colors SOs for. Howse cS Ginting ff 


\\\\ at the | Loweft Rates —— y. H}, N 
\ (AB: Healings , jene Varnesh fer pecrly Ag ee ral 
: . 4 Can Pec lurve Varnish, so uch iy Lif 
Nec Zy Qi, rou, “of by Geretlereen Jor pls j VI, al 
Sess “Mati ying Pictures oP de 





XIX 








XX 



























































ay ureuiipy, 7 a : ail tags. popyy ; 
why 79: 0 IND UlY YP La OY ¥ Yh 2 
Cpr ypvoljyradny, ) : nhyririun ia-avbny 

4 Gurus priv ruefn aaynys fo MYO 


a 


CF PUOOURN TT Pug, 9 Wpown Ts riyOVr 2 
‘uf POAMM hig Lied tad aly S 
‘Bi, BS; CLP JHU UD UY D 
2 


LEG! PALO GA) 
(serenh S Ao I 
: PUT 


\ 


= 



























































ee ee hse cial 
ore” LICE Piss 5 ~ 


7) 
= 
1 \S 
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~ ; | ea : J 
| ti : 7 , \ ai 4 Uy | 
Hy CMs - aa 
. \ ‘f ? er, ' 4 
. g ‘ | es ‘ AS my 4 
A J y y Te f f 
, Z 7 ue 
eo re . 
“i z an Z ac "t 
= : | \ . vy 5 
- : — \ % Bf! ; 
Lee \ a» $4 . "u% 
—— = —’\YN 7 
if : , ‘ : h 7? ie 
— ea ‘ — x «a OS ¥ 
G | } oS 2 : ‘i 
SSD; 5" Ki 
A) by f : . 
AR: ==, , 
N k \ ~. = GS : \ 
{ y vied ‘ 
e 3 3 ; : 
fr LD a ae : , : ¥ 
} $ = > é = = 
: \ : 
fe a —~ SS 
. Xe A : : : > 
al a = ; ( 
° f 
} nha 
4 q 


ae SS 





XXI 


+ sun 





Septwny ee pekierom 


IIXX 


heed 


(2 moying hans fo EE 
roofles 7 ORD pry Pega) oe P2ypey, Waza y 
jo yooyye of 1 Apue Prg,eprepeed hup » po wry ayia moy SE 


‘fy 2 pe pou han hypedp prun Aapyen Fe ORE Pe 

“Maca 7799 ff pps » PPOs IY] ter poe voofeag fo OP YD’ 
hPa as sy yy PPA, BIT sr 
& i] 

os yftae “nin > Apo ary wo HY es ue 

WM hy POU MMO ~ UH 4 WY + PEPE: 
a iA buh él 3 ae: +t °C5 Vifiileg, ¥ / y; + haa dit had -) 

———— ‘saspaq opesonbyeyr 2 


— 
} 


ca : a AIYYO [PUY AA IPED. F DUMAM PA OYA ‘allay Wt? Ts 
0 re eproenyg fa quauipoys bhp heen y 
é ; MO 749m 5 (G-zZ 
he CHS) 9 Eo eid 
‘Wapiesy juakO) J294§ YOoyravy, ur 


PSHOGUI { -LUJYPY SUOS YIU 
sain” ey Pie = Weg 








| ee f 
| Hummus in SO a e Piazza Covent-Garden | 


| th aDPack =o ee 





= ee. fo tS 
¥ me P - oN P 5 : 
a Oo ee = ees bt Oe/ ior gae 
— ea i NaN HL Ti \ \iHM c 
7 os : Ce ' if h fa J y Z 


ie. Sweating, Bathing, and Cupping, be 


tlic: t great Care KPr roper Ueendatiee >. 
@B» Gentlemen orLadses wh DCearen be 2 | | E 
Vises at ther cnn nin Heiees as | 4 
A There is lik <b a good Cold Bath. 





OPUSYIALENOS EEA PPAARA RE LU SDT (LAL PEALE SUGPTLR SOUR EAT ARQRLACE CAS REO SNAVR GME S Hs sicaHaEitini 
beodefi o itt  Praeden Lane eR 


XXII 





é John Brailstord & | 


CUTLER a’ Dea att of J* = 


Mar -Lins Cowl Lercrs TER Fier viahcl/e 
Sell eth ah Sorts, of Me Lent Lonpon Work 
: ate 4, Razorss BG ecsel crikiueccs f lean, 
12Ef f im al int set he i eer Ctpar Fine Slecl M et 
1 AE Sth iy Cork SArranee foese Seugfire ‘Tobacco 
St iff B eee es or HommsLo it (Clletst 5 P ad- 
locks Svory Box thorn Goi de Pocket = 
Books % ees: Cores leoPaee sy 
feng Tongs Ink Stands é@: Forth all Sorts 


- ah aie : bc Shfficlel Ware w Fittelh up 
Silver Suna % Agoclk Fefes rv. 41 y best Sttcl 
Blades a PEE 891 RaLES. pea S Mounted. 








< iv. 
cs at a eae 





— 7 
‘ 
yi 
ier ae ene 
, 
‘ 
ik 
vy 
A, eae 
sy 
“tt 
% 
ee re 
ga 
wt 
bie? 
es 
Rie 
F <¥ 
. 





; 7 at the ff Foal, the bation of Nagmore Streettin | 
hac Goole Lane, near Caventish Square: | ; 























Kes 


ASSES MILK SOLD Tse (ere 
Yaes Voought& Sota. onlelt Lor hil, : 
in TowNorCountryfy. Woe Clwards, MU) 
\Grandwon to the late Ui Abraham Easky / i Neil 


vl : 
ae 
8 


NB. Gentlemen Ladies servit at any hour 


XXV 


t 





p> 
Me 








i} 
» 
Y 


~~ 


Bay. ; 

Lupil ae the ae Mi Rae Wf 

Surgeon Dentift to His Majefty, At 

N\ ad Les Ropal Lh ognngs I 
the Prince of Wales. 





XXVI 













































































































































































































































































































































































a 





Lublijtit May wggnhy P Sarnithy Jun! SiGrorges Rew 


XXVII 









Iohn Wid blood at the Rainbow x 

3 pidgons re (Sle ments Lane. 

In Lombard Street Léndon who 

Married) the Widdow Harrinton 
Silk D 





XXVIIl 











<; 


x) 





Cry 
Sip hfe 


3 x. 5 reed pip CS c 
pi DAL EL eee > 


Ra a 
eee 


An Copper ates, 7 — > 
By W.’and Cluer Dicey: 


FN aia Gow no ey 
> iff, PRANMES O, AusnefiL) unteilith the 


SOT} 








Dr ; 
ae on 





XXIX_ 








ws 
B,, 














‘st 


fu 
. 


ay bat. 


si he ee 


- 





XXX 


PEFPACALEORGSOPRARU AAT ADEA LES? 


a 


Fahy 























W 


NVCINE MAKER) 
YMeih 


gens ocWatermg ey 

1 Where Veoblormere tyenelemenla ae other 7" 

H 7 \\ beatipppilyd eather Home Cond. {) 
E ee tationupon the most Reads 


— and grealeft Expediton. 
( sibrsachien oe eae onibe, : 





XXXI 








are) 
*. 
¥ 7 | 
, | 
ie Co " 
—t oe 
Pp 
. 4 
lien L a 
x af x . 
7 i 
2 a ; \ . 
ae 4 i? 
a 4, a é 
a wen — : 4 + 
“Ts ip ae ga ee : E 
* i a Sell Se * = 4 . 2 
—.) = : PA, a ae - - ee € A 4 - * wv ‘ 
«See eS ar ae eee irl eS : : eres <4 . , : : : : =) oe - ? 
4 i Pina f a - a) y - - = ¥ 
= ~~, ae ) i” i en a i a - —" _ wee. oo - ers — Ww a, ww —~¥ hy i _ 










YIXXX 


TL pHisainee etree 
oo: SITS 
eae" aN cal r di @® ® © ei, it 
BP sons, 


evi cava’ S 


Oh Wok aL Pes LO 7 path ¢ 
rk My aa Be “Aes Lg PMH 2 





D> [bee 
Fa Xe q 
=> 


TeV mV Ea pe sla ad 8 


Sept: DP WA ra te YMANT 


‘oA 
toy 

» Be 7s 
: e 
& 

La 

; ie 
4 Nt 


see uompenpur; ory Bo , 





SS ee 





a FRAME-MAKER and 
= GILDER,in Round Court & 
# in S‘Martin’s le Grand & 
| Makes bs Sells all Sorts of Caro 
Black Frames for Laird, 
a Bt Or Krents, Athewye Old Gilg 
Wee as Mlen-Silverd. full “nto lhe. 


bt 194 


PLAN by ded | Sta Ny qa” Net 
HENHANH LAR ORC Le RP 


ete aed 
re 


= =e 
CS st bith, 
Ay 

A 


i i 


HiT 
Cont 
A 3 - 
PF Wy) 





XXXII] 





Ve 


‘ill 


al Hi 
H it 


ipeent 


PT 7 
Mae 





Feeg ters he eke Be 9 Coop tetuy> 
vd 


Mary y &Ann Hogarth 
from from Bs gu Scipio a the corner of the 


cystlerd, Removed 


Long 

lo v7K ceil toy ttle Dritain - 

gi air Srnsjerp OM) a “of bestemoft Farhi 
Reni, Wale Frocks gles of Puf lian, 

Fitton ‘fall pes pain rhe 
CONVAA LVOCIIS be. CC Dra, 

pry, cet Fichens, Hotlandy whele | 


white best rypt.Planels on y prece 
esse os ale or Retale, at Reatinabie Rates. YP 


XXXTV 





———— 
Sane Oe nO tO SssSs 





AM Lreland Jfeutp 5 


a \ ee 
ae ew ae eo 
jS—-SS==5 —-—---—-— 


| ee ptt | ae 
VRC AS ee 
; See 
=--SRgeeeeeeeeeeeeee_ eee —--_- ae / ig == SSS SSS lata s3 
Me ee == baa ‘ PAYS) TE EE cla ; 
EOS eS BE a Se a a foe | | | | | ft | 1) Let J dteebenbetend 3 . 
if i . 
Bi} 


ce dOr 
ge Couléd 
(ia 


ic Ve. 
Aree 1 
BiypOUKD 





"A, 
LE: 
Ke 


/ 





FIELDS | 





del 


gne 
Cranbourn 


mle Y 
Ly; 
vee t 


i 











Utd 
LA FE 
aLEnfe1 
LEICES THE R- 
Achiité 
Kk ¢ Sap Put 


dans 
IOVC 


Pa 


2) 


\ 
Xo 
iN) 


OO“ 


=== 


gel im 
treet, 
FIELDS 
I,K 
cD, 


ke Sells ald 
Peeng 
On 


y) 


Plate 


Jone 


ae 


Zz 


i -_ 


() 

4 

] y 

i iy H ! i I iy fs { \ 


i Ht ir = ee Oe i i 
H HH = HE if il 


Cranbourn-S 
LEICES TER- 


GOLDSMITH, 


atthe GoldenAn 


eee | 
a 





I : BY wee | 
il HS hy 
i i Ht t 
Hane 


i! l 

HAIL — ) rH 
HEL San 4A Hin 
HHH YHA HG i a 


47 


XV 


XX 








OMe Meg kon 
OI a Mal 





‘ OG oldlanith 7 


Al THE 


Bo Boy 5 Corallin Getter Heanes 


( 
re ON 
a. pany », ON5 > 
~— WMukes all torts (mate Lope 
—<% © Gold and Silver: Q_@ » — 
At the moi Licasonable ated. 


XXXVI 








WORKING 560 LDSMITH 


po & Pearl MeO YD) 0 coe 


e Inn2WetteS i 


EQndon' 


ce yp aby lowest Prices, ale forts flags ge? | 
Stall Plate both wroUg voughe-s/ Wain, Tings andali iff 


= N\ i 


\W rnanner of Fervellers % 7h, aldo Sy 


i . 
\ ic 


i i 
| Bsn m 
{ 





XXXVIl 





YER Mes 


\ | el Proce rine rey fase? " 


22 Opin GSO. | | 


| AL oe. tt, oy eae Soa bg bes } Wh 
Ovals ‘Le, Sag 0 Weft “Sp eg er Cotoh,leapipiee IVES 
\ \ arid De fi € Finest Meee 6d ¢ BeMarch y 


Vis UeOCCUY ‘a. 





rt =\ Fine Sag Rum, ae Brandy, A 





Batavia Arrack neat as Imported A 
. <a the Lang as Prices. 410 | SRA 
<. . “ss 





XXXVI 











Cats 
=< 















? Cee oa Safe ers ) 





(At the Tea Tub, > 
“Cree DuparLaaves, VA ery 


“near 0 suit S ties inMarh Lane, 
22 Rando 5 
Se aaeian ae, 

ae mae nl? tneburch- ee) 
ens Gig Sa 1, Hartohorne cg Morell. 
ID ich b Conf echonar, ry Wares, : 

at the Jowelt Prices. .— SM ilte ey 





XXXIX 





g 
iS 
is 


NS 


16h) 





comm 


oy fn UW UION 
piece 





“Uta e Vil} - Wes 
ae oa | Garden Re 


My Fin Uae oak: op tl, C1 Aes Srlt hf ta 
Murtshorntermibelly Starch, Stone dh wder £ Bluts 


whe Ze ah Lhe 4 Of Mion vod 5 aha Mares... 


a Mie ie ey Y/ 


a Pa 


AW pei and? Retail? £ 





A es Beye ae 


XL 


Carat 
PEARSO! 









a =F 
Warehoufe Sahn HABE DASHER, bia) 
i 





Paternt-Silh Ds... a) ) 


} 


Ay Pic fit k 


-€ i 





i a Calico Dy Bed owned... 


tnd all other Sorts (ireley ioa ra te ‘aaheiona purod. “ 





St 






1RRDRSRASEE RAE TEDEY » war 


ibbella Lloyd Martha Williams & Ehzabeth Storey 
ati Maree 





Dinily loats, Helland Frocks Flannel Pett 


: Ter Clouling Hollands & 
lallioed, Indivk French Luling , Dimiys sawp dd figurd, 
best Bone & Cane Hoops, Sattin, | 


Leth tight colourd Cloth Cloaks, doubled cotourd Vedwots 
er ‘ au Sore , 

DB. Likewie Mikes ells allsores of kiling Drefies, 
Wilowes Weeds, Mend m j boruns & Bannyans Vents & 





XLU 





+ 
- 
"le 
re i 
4 
Pra 
> 
Pn 
, - ae 
oy 
a aed 
— io 
3 
1a 
on... 
ee te 
- Coie 
Pi 
b 
Ma <= 





ws 


a 





Tunes R Rael , 





XLIl 





Vy ~~ 

Hy i} fy, 
iif | 3 fi, 
if 
a a tf} 


Sate: cz 
Mie ones 

7 A Sigal the Black Boy. mad at) fb 
N\\ WZLL. Mp ot ie COP Mir ecl: ORD BE ? 


Peep. Re be 
ot HULBOURW 
‘ See) 





XLIV 








if “HL = y~ 
; err =i 
wall ldthuiirs ae IE 


Shomas Collyer Haberdasher of Halts 
aty Kings Armes Beaver in Lxchange 
Alley in Cornhill London. 
avy homas 5 Merchand (4a belter- 
aux Armes de Roy et Castor dais achange 


AMee dans (72h A LONDRES. 


Shomas Collyer Hoet Verkooper int. 
ere van Englande een Bever in de_ 


Exc 1ange Alley, in Cornhil l Lonp ON. 


XLV 

















[VIX 


PID A PIHUOT DW MP? . 


a 


AN — TG = 2 TUL, wy erry Mbuv OGUUM ILIYER Sy 


cy ’ 


WY 


Z GJ LYLLLOPY LT SIPPY RYLOYSIOY tof” e , 

ea | OY PLELUY BY aN , 
: i a 
Ei Cj ge UF. OES 


KLE Lue LAL “antyfg IY Ge Hi : 
room G65 9 SUL y/ : 




















Re rs 
SO € cs 5 


sis SS LAS MW, he, as 


Br5507 filer git ade Bust Bonnetere ~ wet 
fa Majette SB 
Yc fa gies te 
ote a LE aN as aly Se Biz 
Oga) Bo OES Be oy mh = 
|} NPE, part LOC?” Se. haps edd ol ytion a CZ Keoyauan 2 
! | | forelas sorted de: Bas do oye: de laton hi Louratant bricobes i que fate acconetur,\ 


7 W® 


Wy) Corrmne caudate ded feed a fates acmetier four Cette loa J cecloties dettoute apiece, \ 
ey Res aon worled le — OUP'SEM, Ge = gee iS, efeledoy VE 


ta veguer whygcapticlnt Ze Medd ted 


"7 





XLVII 
























16 @. Mathematica) 
Se pe a 


> Philofop hical & Optical 


ais) Sastrnme nt 3) 


Sp Gee aid oes a 
y 


Hi the a — ~~ iy iP LZ AOU TENE , 


e lng 


PAt Sir "Haat Newtons’ Head. 


1 iS eee (27 (es? ager 
: \Crr'James) Simons) 


\ }7 fener 


XLVIII 


MUN? OF aupately aed oas C A0CCOV Ut eA for Ah 





by) 
Bppilta 


“4 








i SS 5 a 
at M* H OLT S, SB age TS 


_ Git. Wtire: : 
aly twollweTosa ny Lread part of the Strand abapfte- 
oppifite lo Fectter Change are Sold all ort of Malem Silly te 


Luftrmes, Sattins, Padefois, Velvets, Damalks, 
Teed Legon Mit) Gowers Liebe Sth yf 

0s Y Juiced, Vin thce Treatle Balvrnts, 
Ad wt aback Mirek ouse Ws Sorts of Ub itt 


Nhe, lovee Copies (yl Meh, Athov ted, 
(apas, Virntetl, Lotognia Siutteidgts Sur 


SEIMEI pr 
Megalo (le et Nel Sitefp, = 


XLIX 





MAE i} 


Lf 


—— ae 


oT 
= 








if 





= — —<— 
ae 


=. 





a 
a 
t ! 

¥ 
a 
sgl 





_ O/LL 
! rowel feat ea ft 4 


\ pie ‘lao i abily ie irthers tl 
\ mps, Lanthorns ¥ Irons ofall sorts Ki 


eee Keeps O/ervedis to Ligh Ab then \ 
" vee 2 Bi se yeperiser ra v 











_ AView of Francis Nobles Circulating Library. - 





















































































































































‘Large Circulating Library. 
ee Aw 
ways Lead tre Ki ng SUr vil, Cov nt Garden 
a eS are) ee ee 
1) EES (> TD) eae 
“VEN & GS REA ee 
(Both English and Reus 
———At Half a Guinea a Year, ~~ 
Pee Three Shilhinoee ‘Outer | 
eu O60, New Thode Bought as soon'agy Vicblish Lr 


te ern | NEM 
Ready Money for any Library or Parcel of Books,orBooks Exchangd. 


LI 






























& oe ve ewe cs 
aS ATTN 
Cee 
LOM DON. 
Age 5 Sells al sorts eon 
Where all Merchants Dialogs 
hers pe Sma E hoe oa 0. 















2 Gite foul, 





LI 












| LINNEN DRAPER, 
atthe Oud Wack Mey, ale} 
| At /oHN STEVENS Deceasa/ 
Alls alt Sorts of Mollaneds, Camby ichs, Mluslins,- 
SrithAinens, Dontas, Viinledh gD tryped Cottons S 
AUC A, od alduther sorls YtinnenDrapery Gout 
Wholefale & Retail at Reafonable Rates 










LIV 








LV 





LS 
= 


se ; | fF ie Bars 
at theBlack-Moors-Head, the j ; ) 0 
Slreel, VA 





LVI 












ee) 
SS CONG lair ake ay A ve 
_“LINNEN D’RAP 
At the Dotpoin, 


OVEP: against Middle (how: Holborn 


Linnen D rapeny 


Lad OES SE Rated jes 
















LVII 


ie ’ 
rete 


’ 
MAN 





} lh 
if 7) 





Mil 
i 


) 





De 





MIM’ Bat 7 
- ts 
‘ I, = “i = 


Vo) (Se 


Cla Te 


aty Turks-Head near Bow-Church,Cheapfide, 


LONDON. 
tls alddorts of Yenou-Lulehe S Cnyleste V lol Sacleias oy 
of all laloute Silly wierd or unmillerd, Viechedh ovate, 
Lamia kale Sorts pS hier deSilhy, Viuh Storencesx 
Crglotediltirad, Fgurd gayi Aulesti tregd.Dutiiapres 
Wailitd, Surtnela, by Ferstarnds Aihoriue eda capes 
hielf Aled, ted Cnglest Iurhey Wurdle, Cherry der? yd 








fy dix Sirg Doryars lla adores of blahdlbs for 
Hoods 3 Saurvis, Morvted LDameadshs, Foils Sufcr sine 
broad Camblels Calimancoes, liamllelees Black Siifaells 
fine lillimancoes Jor Filtycoals and Yurd ride__ 
Samemeyd or Nuff, Athervise hort Clowhs,§ Han leebs. 
Munlelets, 3 telvet Hoods ready matde.with all other 
Torts of / Mlercery Goo hilesale Lidal al Y loves TP0bs 


LVITt 


a, 
; 
& 











TV, : 
Pa GRO esr tc Round C Gee 
Gera ot 
MNthe bore Vand LM ben Popes oge 2 « Hoe) 


Be Wr, SPuat~® Ge 


ariets ee 72 its and af 

















Pw. eS a ae aa 
Catlins oc Figs oe tairae Mordas ce Patni tpléinD 
* Ducapes cS eecens| DP feed pe gee * send 
Serge du Sous Farnese other Shy Damadhe 





ee Fig? & Plam Yard wide N tuffs . 
2 Nornith Craps of the most Hatha: ie io 
~ Bombazeens & other Goods for > Mourmmg Laftngss & double Callimancoes for Shoemakers 


‘ardinals, rtd bats. Bonnets. and Quilted Couty. Hlannels ke 4. 
G i) At the very loweft Rates. Ch ee 








Boras Sh, with all tort a Pel a 


Ses 





& IB (ua Nateteaitecd 
ay 


eae Pas ar 


LX 


Noriricts itt nb ore eats Bit; 


is 2p i 


oA 
pare i al 





rf thé Mall Yt 


—Y_ MERCER S, Ce 
at the dian Queen by the Cloifters, Weft Smithfield, 


T 


LON Mire 
Salo 70S Sf bitch Sameashs Provadid ies Tit ee 
Sa Sa Sitti, Pasi? Mavitiads,S hagrens, Sigel: 
gee hbd ae Alestrings Ditech, Gina ee nylibie 
Mtl, Sach vilits 300d, HO? ee fe IAfttd, Pans, 
SNlkdhiited lads d- Di iW rad Charro lanlles 
CANOES, Su 11 fie Hubbel wile (great Chott of. 
Ms Miss Of cvery Sort: Hats kounillocs &Linces se 
| fer Clergymen and Gentlemen of the Ain 
i. FINE CLOTHS AND DUFFINS, 
Cy 


Sinily ff Mantels Hoots, Aadys Ruling Habis eo 
a: ape Vokestting. Savas) Mens ows dha 2UaTtd > 


tilled d> Hoop Peitycoals, \\ Widows Weeds. 
es E.Nicklin, Removd from the Indian-Kine, Holborn. 











Whitehead “ll 
(fron M! Bey da) 
c-—o MERCER GNSS 
at the Golden Anchor 
LONDON. ____ 


LXT 





« 


a 
Lf 





4 





+, ee 


























rages Se = 


dard. Sy ‘fee 


eae Uff: i? peAall tre Oy Porous eo’ 


at y-Indian ae (% Sasi oar Cates ee igesatlg ite tHolborn, 
7 Sees OAD OND 
‘Sells Variely Of UERCERY 6 GOODS Viz: 
Piduasor ya Luameadhs Dabs by wJaltire’ Ducapeslloneseens 
hutch b Value Wbiaretetitt dlr opt hit ULEITICIG giGenoasDitels 
ViluelaShary preci S ergeludso Ya oy ered Iristeddteoffe,l Utlo- 
Fy hebblovotw8i Inclehitesvino neg bere helix Norwich 
On pond Lapeer; BtackdlkiHeortoineasdlesdctiorrled 
er bleZ Weed pgs C nett eltatl, Callimancoed, 
lads and Ste 
Alfo Varie ie of Re ady-m aia eae s Viz! 
She PLL Aor, GyintlemnensMlonur, Cy YoUned 
Tele ed hoody, Wlarelel ers, Uda hing Hibs PFT: 
Quilted Coats and Ho ops 







=~ \ 











LXIil 


ee 
SS SSeS 
Ps - . 
te et 
ay =@: 


Cl 


i! 


— " 
— a 
re 
f 


<< 
ee 


a 
~ 
os 
~~ 


oe << 


PE 


RE 


en 





SS 


= 


—————————— —_— 


| | 
eB  ——_ “a : ., a é 
ns SEE se 
SW lien y Black Spread( SiS 
agle SG Shandores/ we 
$CCL 


WW) GABRIEL DOVCE aty Lamb &2 
IA) S8lack Spread Cagle next door to the 

Golden Goate tn Plern» Round Court 
I) cz y Strand. Selleth ald Sorts of-—Ih 
ths Stuffs Plormich Crapes Cam= i, 
tls & att. sorts of Black Silks for | 
o005 & Scarves at 


Se 





LALV 












iS (0) i 
(3 SxS) 
5 Cn 
ORE LA ae 
GP EER 
bey if Se 


Ht fi Uf | ny ) = 2 Z = 

——wee ji ‘ip Py es 
or gp =< / | AX \ J ns PLLA: ef 
ON 






eaetaecapl fib 







pt 
jeegge saeg: 
eeanuiene 


=== 
—— =e 

\ 

\ 

ats At NF 3p Sy 


adegreseva 
asenes agi 


Ee 





9 wi acs 
= - 
rs 

—vooene 

SSeeaa SEOs reese, 


a 
: Ieswaentemeecss2 











oe ,. yo | 

COM Mele Ip, Viti ton D1 Wl jOL 

_Faceing Hatton-Garden, Holborn. | 

ells all sorts Vif hah Wh be : 

aye Cafes Whe 05 bhi Ib fe | | 
| and Duca “Dt 245 [ilk Kilby Poy 

) ae V/ (7:10. Dumuashy DE 

WLLL, “al gorse ee y/ 

be meee oe and Short ose 





eg is se 
¥s 

a! at 

& 

Sa 

4% 

S % 

S 

3 

> . 

~ 

A= 

— 

3 

SN Vs 
(- ie 

; 


(3 


GER: NERS, &E ERDAGHERS Na 
CN a 5g Nort 


WS pele Charloitidiad sp 


tat erude ng 


TOON AIT 
te A é 


igh i ND) 


= a my ~~ 
; 
~ 2 
4 jig SY 
2 og ih - es 
" 7 a z : Wed 2 
‘ " \ ‘ 5. il ts 

‘4 => dy 


LUD oni? 


a 
Me, 


ry 


&. 


16 Wad E eet Bot 
ieee Eamves 
{cin peer moft Elegant Tafte’ 
DAD 


(ey 


nt 





LXVI 





~L pre b 

SS Si SS Sn 2 9 9 PEP mys SL EY Mee wes ops aes eked AF ae 
Lg 

y. Z = 


Lee 


a 


~ % 
a 


eet 


7 WHE 1OMTMAN, SZ 


Be “oy! VD Ma bee Te et PL, A age. ~ Ope 
Welly Hreet. D laford ee ny ) a) 


toy ie tb Wie me dMepicait6 im ply. Sir omy TUN. si leheypots me 
Rothe par EE. Ag Vice’ Cr on Uhe Wor ta ° ie 7A Poy Ve. ln 


—— . =f~ ao 2 
* os = 8 = J 

! Pe 

\ Ae 


<f 


Rifai , 


gos 





Seer SN A 


fe sl nity fa 
ib cs ream ha 

































































































































































TUT 


= 














Wary? 
ral 
IHtUNAEEVIBE 





























ohn Hunt,ciewtor 


° 
© 


tothe Late Nl! [nf Brook i | 





LXVIll 





XIXl 


Me Z = == ‘ ~ , ihe 4 . Re a 
py OSS pet 
} 7 ) ‘dnind aprapdutss - puv py - 

fypred ue aanpresiry fo puny WIE PO WIN -. OI rove Danny OLE <a \ 

bag Vie thg SRSY GE SOE OS. ’ Fer ny jf? Mpnuviggorib Yuet PLLA— Ue q 

\ Of rene, J MOU, 1? ueyrs?) Re Se ar ) fo POL TP PI OLS. plopre frury ae Ys -@ 
NOE NOT wmug apy a PEND mp ayoddgy.é 

NO ad N , Wie) +4 | Y ul Tang vy 9 aytjode \ €- 
pe 4 BS Sine ne hus bs 3 —— ee. Ba SEES ater PES O 
ID UU y LIY0 7) L/): 

‘ (ee OO ae ( 
(>) . 





bd 


sano rth 



























































\S¥ 


Wk \ 
> 
nufa ifctory fr Bs érHang ging 
Rintid or ie, (ror lippurtta CaleroW, ay 
| PAY MarrDar Lot 
\4 Ba Ong. VM ER, 5 Sl Yper Faainer:.| | 
| ee ee atthe Lowy tl ee 
Ah tela ‘Acorn flcing Hin gerfor rd STRAND, 1 
\ Ole, DinnelsS tat? ip: LITUILEN, “i yf) 
ge atid g itil le 0 etherwithy), 
Lain y atari her 
\ 0 Mien tk OVC OY hinese Taste 
\ OP Dow? Cr COU | / 


eo Mong 


} } f Lifer rortateona, 
A \ eee 


\\ —Dasigue Yor ontlaens 


“et etd ances, y 
vy) 


(ie (Enpravi simanitsBanta 
> fe. Tickets, Coats ofl, A hs 
Pits Ban, Prontisfuccr—py 
| (SRopkeépers Bills &e c —s |l/f 
! H Ie vealer Variety «Chespertiayy 


y) 
~ at any other Hop atown4y cS 






























































LXX 





a 





nt AL, A ea Ay at, ee j Dies’ 
NES Rey a Ronen 














fey 






































Mest te 
f { 

















CO CA eae Oe 
PAWNBR OKER ond SHIVERS MITH 


GNA RAS Epoe: Ee Oi 
Ca ES 


ZL Money ot lige LACE, Us § aielao leering ey. wel 


Oftpuwore POD kb PY cw’ bf OS 


NB 
Goda, Denti from any Sart of f Y Count i ten Cle 
“ohll: Pe eee a0 athe: Mtmost Wale Le lent Merits 


a 
a 


LXXI 


a 


‘ 





IXX] 





popups LLP PH Or yooh ONY FY PUD LY SSeS LPT YOUTH) poo) Gebel ee fk Oe WO | 


SSS e! Sues 


SIPSey Sop Byaodury < 
Spt boxy i port ait feng 4 oe samy viyp> pogg nung, te Lt ‘ay Tes Ze ein Bake ? hyp 
























As me 1, YP 2494 of ‘Sie a) ») ie Va) eg ys A he CE Oe: Bigs. 7 SMB saes jr ral Nae ke 
Wil y+ If PDMY YZ? if ID) yru092 7a) a 
Mi Lain ESS oh BOLL: seus SOP Mommy 





quadyiqy’sSarqy snoaapzopy sop Suey 
$a TV. Gopues op MON 


‘sTiods Awyeq ayouy, ¢ 
ajo Say eouaym todynym 23 ‘soumyaay aarye hy 








| — 


CO tang, i i 
es Corner Woe Wen el 


Mann COP” Sy al ee RP on? 
oe AVR eas 


sian 
2 STM 
SSS SS 





LXXIlI 








Me _ Peruke aker, ae 
‘ LONDON. 


Makes and Sell all LOVES rts of Porahes— 
Whotwale 


AB the bet POY Wp tdil Viva it 


LXXIV 


1s 


ashes 


ay 
J 


ie 






















i} 
j 
Lis 
os 


ly iy C ak 2 Sunes eae A 


OTOL 


© ME iad BER “Wee ~ 
5 Firth Sea Nousel PIL 


ile Slr ecl LOY 


YAM 


meee 


BS 





LXXV 





NCUP Cherr y-Garden JS ia ‘, 
CEE re” recon ae cae es 


pot OTHE RHITH. .-~ 


poms \ ee Malia poerflne White sp) Pad 
(7) \))} : 
Later, J all other For ta a 


c 

oe pwler VAP CI OA CUPLOUS WUANTICK >. 

SS Where alle Merhuarls and Aer, 
YOR 3) WA be. fe ” yd Wholesale Or ieli ll dif 


CoP vat itiuoee a ae ates ay ll 


oe a 





LXXVI 
















“ 
, 


ron apa ete oy ea 





LXXVII 





























, Gsetee aca Or tin d Dio at DiafionseS 









SWik Catt the’ Golden Bal nS ie 
; CON EEE L OFS : To 


LL all Sorts ff Lialian, Fa boosh nl Mariah pe 
SCBuys & Sells all Gi winner or Old Pints§ >> 
LY ya ee ey _Bunts, She: Mates AS Tap abse Ln 
hire md fd Wee 017 O nee ke 
Agta best 'B Bee Pencils lak & ime e (Chalke. — 
Variety of ours, and Oriol Haw LPenely, 
"The. Lut Saeck buloWer 
Seis FN Flower Pivces Jnl Water Colses Painted by her fel from th éLife. Lise 
tnd ee, Ladiangna wea opr bale anh are 
ag alld orks ip Wieoks Fina Lea ioe ner both Spores all Sexes 


&, plesh.Lutobe, “ aE: ane ohne Yllum fr ye Sgr 
Mutu Nelle SHotle Le apey Or. leg, Oe vnegs wth Dy erent tera ff 
Nebage Leper ua lye Sene ie iirown, Sli lues ae : 


LXXVUl 


Weiens bd 











} 
’ 
ms 
’ _ 
+ 
i 1 
’ 
y 
: ¢ 
+ ie 
y \) 
aS) . 
, ‘ 
a 
1 +, z ; 
; 2 
F + 
, 
: 
‘ 
rc ' 
iy 4 . 
} 
, 
* 
4 
‘ 
\ 
+ ° 
. 
. \ 
‘ y 
- 
x 
I 
' ie 
i 
- . 
. 
. 
* 
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= 


( i ls ) | ai, age 
Cs on ames s. 7 Powder.for= 


ee 
EF 2H UV 2h Rs - 
= wyvdnd other. Inflammatory Diftempers ae, 
N: as ) Publifpit by Urrtae of 2 ee, 
SS \ ¥ psa Majeltys Noval Letters Patent; ) 


A | 


| WILL remove (as has been Raperieneass in many thoufand Cafes) any 


continual Acute Fever ina few Hours, though attended with Convulfions 


rahe Was ag 7] ws 


FO. AN ig 
HE Thete' het Powbens ae RS ate Sot al by J. ' J. NEWBERY, Rit ms 


The Bible saab Sun in St Paut Pauls Church Yard Or againft the No ots -Door ofthe 
Church, at 2. 6° Sib two Dofes with good Mowance # thofé who bup 


; Le. By =| Dhartable Gis or to pA ee a 
\ eer ahah é ny t > 
PRP Wt cant 


them for 


¥ Nitto Semis "(ter hessreell Greees 





LXXIX 























at the Saw and Crown, : 


in Middle R ow Holborn, 


Fe 


B. The above cyanea Shonen 


a —— 


1 Ny ey ers 


} Samm il 





LXXX 









us ETT ts 54 2 8 Be oa oe 
Saeamb aw sae a as ame ses tae to 


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INDEX 


NOTE.—The reader should also consult the separate right-hand lists in Chapters IV and 
VI, pp. 22-25 and 38-62. The roman numerals (caps.) refer to the Plate numbers. 


Academies, 38, 39. 

Accoutrement maker, 39. 

Acorn, The, Hungerford Market, 84, 
LXX. 

Adam and Eve Court, Oxford Road, 
57> 93. . 

Adam and Eve and fig-leaves, device 
of, 6o. 

Adams, mercer, 82, LX. 

Air mill makers, 36. 

Albemarle Street, 40. 

Aldersgate, 89. 

Aldgate, 68. 

Aldgate Church, 71. 

Anchor, Golden, 82, LXII. 

Anchor smith, 39. 

Andrew, St., effigy of, 20. 

Angel, emblem of St. Matthew, 20. 

Angel, The (Inn), Barkway, Herts., 65. 

Angel, The, Cambridge Street, Golden 
Squate, 65. 

Angel, The Golden, 49, 79, 9. 6b > QE 

Angel and Three Shoes, The, Cranbourne 
Alley, 88, LXXXVI. 

Angels, The Three, 78, XLII. 

Angler and Trout, The, Crooked Lane, 48. 

Animals, live, as shop signs, 79. 

Apothecary, 39. 

Appraiser, 52. 

Aquarellist, 39. 

Archery, teacher of, 40. 

Archill-maker, 39. 

Archimedes, effigy of, 21. 

Archite@ture, 26, VI, LI, LX X XVII. 

Architrave Frame, The, 48. 

Argles, Edward, mercer, 83, LXIII. 

Arm and Hammer (goldbeaters), 17. 

Arms and effigies, 18, 19. 

Arms painters, 9, 36. 

Artificial eye maker, 21, 39. 

Artist, 39. 


H 


93 


Artists, effigies of, 21. 

Ass and Foal, The, Marylebone Lane, 
39, 73, &XV. Wood’s Close, 39. 

Asses’ milk, purveyor of, 39. 

Astrologers, 36. 

Attorney-at-Law, 39. 

Atwick, William, mercer, 27. 

Atwick and Son, metrcets, 27. 

Aveline, engraver, 37. 


Back maker, or cooper, 39. 

Backgammon-table maker, 39. 

Bagford Colle&tion, 11, 16, 69. 

Bagnio, see Baths. 

Baker, 22: 

Bakewell, Elizabeth, map and _print- 
seller, 57. 

Ball, The Golden, 47, 75, 86. 

Ballad mongers, 36. 

Band Box makets, 36. 

Banks Collection, British Museum, 16, 
2» 26, 36, 67,079, Jlis isos wtae do: 

81,84,865.88, 

Barbet’s pole, 17. 

Bard, 53. 

Barker, John, goldsmith, 65. 

Bartlett, James, druggist, 63. 

Bartolozzi, F., R.A., engraver, 37, 51; 
74, X XVII. 

Bathing Machines, 39. 

Baths and Bathing, 11, 40, 44. 

Bear and Ragged Staff, The, Whitecross 
Street. Ar. . 

Beaufoy Collection of Tokens, 17. 

Beaver, Ye King’s Armes and, 79, XLV. 

Beaver and Star, The, Monmouth St., 50. 

Bed-joiner, 40. 

Bedlam Walk, Moorfields, 91, XCVIII. 

Beehive and Three Sugar Loaves, The, 
Wood Street, 77, XX XVIII. 

Beehive and Wax Chandler, 62. 


94 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Bell Yard, Fleet Street, 48. 

Bellows maker, 40. 

Bentley, William, teacher of mathe- 
matics, 21. 

Berkeley Square, 43, 72, XX. 

Bernardeau, James, razor maker, 87, 
LXXXI. 

Berry, Thomas, clog maker, 71, XV. 

Best, John, cutler, 11. 

Bethlehem Hospital, 91. 

Bible, The, St. Paul’s Churchyard, 67, I. 

Bible and Sun, The, St. Paul’s Church- 
yard, 86, LX XIX. 

Bickerstaff, Thomas, cutler, 11. 

Bickham, engraver, 6, 37. 

Bill, mustard maker, 54. 

Birchin Lane, 57. 

Bird in Hand, The, 39. 

Bishopsgate Street, 85. 

Black, Boy and Hatt, The, High Holborn, 
79, XLIV. 

Black Horse Alley, near Fleet Bridge, 
ii (illus.). 
Blackmoor’s Head, The, Bishopsgate, 
85, LX XV; Fleet Street, 81, LVI. 
Black-Swan and Parrat, The, Cannon 
Street. 11: 

Blacking manufacturers, 3. 

Blackwell, William, chemist, 42. 

Blasius, St. (Blaze), 20, 51, 79, 80, 
XLVII. 

Bleeder, 45. 

Bleeder and Star, The, 45. 

Blew and White Peruke, The, Rosemary 
Lane, 85, LX XIV. 

Bloomfield, Robert, poet, and shoe- 
maker, 59. 

Blossoms Inn, The, Lawrence Lane, 
Cheapside, 20. 

Blyde, Charles, cabinet maker, 69, VII. 

Bombazine maker, 4o. 

Bonneau, friend of S. Ireland, 65. 

Bookseller, 9,10,13,20, 21, 22, 40,67, I, Il. 

Bookshops, 27, 28, 29 (illus.), 76. 

Boot and Breeches, The, Aldgate, 68, IV. 

Bootmaker, 4o, 68, 88. 

Boulogne Gate, 16, 90, XCVI. 


Bourne, Old, Holborn, 72. 

Bow and arrow maker, 4o. 

Bow Churchyard, 47, 48, 74, X XIX. 

Bowling Green, Old Street, 40. 

Bowman, Thomas, Peruquier, 56. 

Boxer, 11, 63. 

Boy and Corall, The, Gutter Lane, 77, 
XXXVI. 

Brailsford, John, cutler, 73, XXIV. 

Brainiff, Eleanor, bug destroyer, 41. 

Brass cannon maker, 41. 

Brazier, 19, 22, 41, 52, 68, III. 

Breeches makers, 22, 41, 68, IV. 

‘ Brettone Strete’ (Little Britain), 84. 

Bricklayer, 41; brickmould maker, 41. 

Bride, engraver, 78. 

Bride Lane Court, 54. 

Bridge-foot, The, Southwark, 53. 

Bridge Street, Covent Garden, 61. 

Bridges, George, bug destroyer, 41. 

Bright-Smith, 41. 

Bristow, John, fire engine maker, 109, 
48, 75, XXXII. 

British Museum, 36. See a/so Banks and 
Franks Collections. 

Broad Street, Golden Square, 46. 

Broadway, St. Giles’s, 50. 

Brokers (sworn), 60. 

Broom, The Golden, 70, XII. 

Brown, John, cabinet maker, 69, VIII. 

Browne, Marty and Richard, at The 
Three Angels, 78. 

Browne, William, fishing-tackle maker, 
ii (illus.), 48. 

Brunn, tobacconist, 60. 

Brush maker, 22. 

Bruton Street, 72. 

Bucket and Truck, Cheapside, go. 

Bucket (leather) maker, 53. 

Buckles (shoe), maker of, 41. 

Buckthorn Tree, Ye, Covent Garden, 42. 

Budge Row, 54. 

Bug destroyer, 41. 

Bull, emblem of St. Luke, 20. 

Bull, William, trumpet maker, 8 (illus.), 


54. 
Bull and Bedpost, The, 16. 


INDEX 95 


Bull and Gate, The, Holborn, oon Vil. 
Bull and Mouth, The, 16. 

Bull Head, The, Soho, 26. 

Bull Head Court, Newgate Street, 51. 
Bun House, 27, 41, 63, 68, V, VI. 
Bundy, trunk maker, go. 

Busick, Will., fishing-tackle maker, 48. 


Cabinet makers, 22, 41, 46, 69, VII, 
VIII. 

Calculators (lottery chances), 36. 

Calendrer, 41. 

Calico printer, 11, 42, 69, IX. 

Cambridge Street, Golden Squate, 65. 

Camden’s Head and City’s Armes, The, 
Royal Exchange, ro. 

Candlestick maker, 42. 

Cane merchant, 62. 

Canister and Three Sugar Loaves, The, 
Hatton Garden, 78, XL. 

Cannon Street, 11. 

Cannon maker (brass), 41. 

Canot, engraver, 37. 

Cardon, engraver, 37. 

Carpenter, 22, 70, X. 

Carpenters Arms, The,'Temple Bar, 7o, X. 

Carpenters’ Company, 19, 22, 7o. 

Cart, The Old Collier and, 71, XVIII. 

Carter; 56, 

Cartwright, Benjamin, goldsmith, 77, 
XXXVII. 

Carvers and gilders, 23. 

Casaltine, clothier, 19, 71, XVI. 

Case maker, 42. 

Castall Street, Trafalgar Square, 8 
(illus.). 

Castle Alley and Castle Court, Royal 
Exchange, 85, LX XIII. 

Castle Street, Leicester Square, 88, 
LAs V 1, 

Catherine, Saint, and turners, 20. 

Catherine Street, Strand, 54. 

Chair and Tea Chest, The, Knaves Acte, 
69, VII. 

Chandler, bookseller, 40. 

Chandlers,waxandtallow,62,LX X XIX. 

Change Alley, 79. 


H2 


Chapman, J., land surveyor and en- 
gtaver, 66. 

Charles I, 60; costume, 30, 34. 

a and porter and dwarf, 51. 

Charles Street, Covent Garden, 20; 
Soho, 58. 

Charlotte, Queen, figure of, 83, LXVI. 

Cheapside, 20, 21, 54, 55, 56, 77, 82, 
Bos, e90,e tN LI SLAVS EX xT: 
XCIII. 

Chelsea, 27, 63, 68, 69, V, VI. 

Chelsea Buns, 68, V, VI. 

Ghemstai2nar5922 42. 7Osk I. 

Cherry Garden Stairs, Rotherhithe, 86, 
LXXVI. 

Cheshire, John, fishing-tackle maker, 
48. 

Chimney sweep, viii (illus.), 36, 42, 70, 
XII. 


China and glass sellers, 70, XIII. 

China rivetter, 42, 43. 

China Jarr, The, 42, 89, XC. 

China Man and Tea Tree, The, 60. 

Chinese paper warehouse, 55. 

Ching’s lozenges, 20. 

Chippendale, Thomas, influence of, 12, 
272.180. 

Chiropedal car makers, 36. 

Chiswell Street, Finsbury Square, 20, 
$15,795 <LV IL 

Chocolate maker, 43. 

Chocolate (milk), 43. 

Choffard, engraver, 37. 

Church Lane, Kensington, 88, 
LXXXIV. 


Cipriani, G. B., R.A., as sign-painter, 15. 


Circulating libraries, 81, LILI. 

Cirencester, the Rav Inn at, 65. 

City arms, 10, 19, 68, III. 

City Companies, arms of, on Trade 
Catds 402%) VaAvero a ol ey LL 
LXX XIX, XCV. 

City of London, 19, 68. 

Clark, John, lamplighter, 81, L. 

Clark, W., engraver, 90, XCII. 

Clarkson, as sign-painter, 15. 

Cleaner, see Dyer. 


96 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Glee, “Ry enoraver) 37, 470, 41. 
Clements, John, trunk maker, 90, XCIII. 
Clerkenwell, 28. 

Cltiheroe, Benjamin, firework maker, 


47- ; 

Clock maker, 21, 22, 43, 71, XIV. 

Clog maker, 43, 71, XV. 

Cloisters, The, St. Bartholomew’s, 76, 
$2, OV BL 

Clothiersy-19, 225-71, XV LX VIB 

Clowes, engraver, 21. 

Cluer, engraver, 47, 74, 75, SLX. 

Coaches depicted on trade cards, 28, 29 
(illus.), 59. 

Coachmaker, 15, 72. 

Coach-spring maker, 43. 

Coach trumpet maker, 36, 43. 

Coach wheeler, 43. 

Coalman and coal-dealer, 23, 43, 53, 62, 
Jisew Vu, 

Coffee houses, 43. 

Coffin plate chaser, 43. 

Coffins, The Four, Southwark, 91, 
XCVIT. 

Coinage shown on trade card, 87, 
LXXXIIz. 

Cole, engraver, 6, 37, 81, LIII. 

Cole, Benjamin, linen draper, 81, LIII. 

Coleman Street, 59. 

Collyer, Thomas, hatter and sword 
cutler, 38, 50, 79, XLV. 

Colourman, 25, 72, XIX. 

Compleat Angler, The Old, Crooked 
Lane, 48. 

Compton Street, Goswell Road, 84; 
Soho, 44, 68, III. 

Conaway, William, lamplighter, 26, 81, 
LI. 


Confectioner, 23, 43, 72, XX. 

Cook, T., engraver, 64, 76, XXXIV. 

Cooke, John, cutler, 11. 

Cooper, R., portrait by, 21. 

Coopers, 39, 44. 

Copper plate maker, 73, X XI. 

Corbould and Jeffreys, engravers, 67, I. 

Cordwell, George, chimney sweep, 70, 
XII. 


Cork maker, 43. 

Corn cutter and nail operator, 43. 

Cornhill, 57, 63; great fire in, 48, 75. 

Costume, 30-35, Front., VI, XVII, XXII, 
XXXIV, Lil, LU, CXS Bae 
LXXIV, LX XVIII, XCII. 

Costumier, 44, 73, XXII. 

Court, W., tailor, 60. 

Court plaster maker, 36. 

Covent Garden, 19, 20, 27, 42, 61, 64, 
735 79, 81, XX, XE 

Covent Garden porter, 44. 

Coventry Court, Haymarket, 44. 

Coventry Cross, 27, 44. 

Cowkeeper, 44. 

Cox, David, as sign-painter, 15. 

Cox, Joseph, frame maker, 76, XX XIII. 

Cranbourne Street, or Alley, Leicester 
Square, 28, 47, 49, 64, 75, 76, 88, 
XXXV, LXXXVI. : 

Cranston, mercer, 82, LIX. 

Cricket ball maker, 44. 

Crispin, St., and shoemakers, 20. 


- Crook, John, razor maker,:16. 


Crooked Lane, 48. 

Cross, engraver, 37. 

Cross, The Coventry, 27, 44. 

Cross Bow, Ye, Haymarket, 49. 

Cross Coutt, 57. 

Cross Keys, emblem of St. Peter, 20. 

Crouched Friars, 78. 

Croucher, Nicholas, cutler, 11. 

Crown, The, as emblem, 73, 77, XV, 
XXII, XXXVI, XXXIX. 

Crown in Shoe Lane, The, Holborn, 73, 
0.0.45 

Crown and Pearl, The, West Smithfield, 
TJ, KABA 

Crown, Saw and, 87, LXXX. 

Crown, The Patten and, 71, XV. 

Cruikshank, George, trade card de- 
signed by, 4o. 

Crutched Friars, 77, XX XIX. 

Cumine, Italian warehouseman, 65. 

Cup, The Golden, 49, 65, 67, Front. 

Cupper, 36, 44, 45, 73, XXIII. 

Curiosities in tradesmen’s cards, 36-62. 


INDEX 97 


Currier, 44; Cutriers’ arms, ge 
Custom House, 59. 
Custom House Quay, The, 59. 


Cutler, 11, 23, 44, 45, 58, 73, 87, 
BatV Sixx, LUX XX, 


Dairyman, 235 39, 44, 73, XV. 

Dancing master, 45. 

Dangling trout, sign of fishing-tackle 
shops, 17. 

Darkin, Samuel, and son, dentists, 45. 

Darling, engraver, 37. 

Piary. atts, 37, 84, 91, LXX, XCIX. 

Davies Street, Grosvenor Squate, 46. 

Dawson, Kenelm, clothier, 71, XVII. 

Dean Street, Soho, 26, 81, LI. 

Deards, William and Mary, goldsmiths, 


49. 
Decorator, see Painter. 
Delegal, engraver, 85, LX XI. 
Denmark Street, St. Giles’s, 81, L. 
Dentist, 1345, 74, XX VI. 
Deuchar, engraver, 37. 
Dial, The, St. Giles’s, 71, XIV. 
Dial, Mill and Handscrew, The, Tooley 
Street, 53. : 
Dibdin, Charles, song writer, 54. 
Dicey, Wm., engraver, 47, 74, XXIX. 
‘direction card,’ 64. 
Dobson, Austin, Hogarth, 63. 
Dog doétors, 36. 
Dolphin, The, Holborn, 81, LVII. 
Douce, Gabriel, mercer, 83, LXIV. 
D’Oyley, portrait of, on sign, 46. 
D’Oyley’s Head, The, 46. 
Drake, Nathan, colourman, 72, XIX. 
Drakeford, John, spadderdash and 
gaiter maker, 59. 
Draperts, 23, 45, 46, 53; sign used by, 82; 
see Linen drapers, and Metcers. 
Drawing master, 46, 74, X XVII. 
Drugegist, 47, 63, 70, XI. 
Drury Lane, 15, 16, 46, 87, LX XXI. 
Dunciad, The, 83. 
Dunn, Jeffery, gunsmith, 49. 
Dunstan, St., and goldsmiths, 20. 
Dyer, 23, 74, XXVIII. 


Earliest example of trade card, 9. 

Fast India Company, 61, 62. 

East India House, 28. 

Eccentric Book Warehouse, St. John 
Street, 28, 29 (illus.). 

Edge tool maker, 47. 

Edwards, Garnham, mercer, 83, LXV. 

Edwards, John, coalman, 71, XVIII. 

Edwards, Salmon and Ryder, metcers, 
82. 

Edwards, Thomas, dairyman, 39, 73, 
XXV. 

Effigies, 18, 21; of saints, 20. 

Elaboratory, The, sign of, 42. 

Eldridge, quack, 21, 57. 

Elephants’ teeth, dealer in, 47. 

Elizabeth, Queen, and The Maidenhead, 
74- 

Emblems, 18, 21-25. 

Empire period costume, 32. 

Engine maker, see fire engine maker. 

Engineers, 47. 

Engravers, 6, 47, 63, 64, 66, 74, 75, 84, 
ALS en LX Xe 

Engravers’ punch maker, 47, 64. 

‘Engravers of Shop Bills,’ 1, 11. 

Enterer, 50. 

FE. T. and Crown, The, Russell Street, 
Drury Lane, 16, 58. 

Evangelists, emblems of the, 20. 

Exchange Alley, 79, 88, LXXXV. 

Exeter Change, Strand, 59, XLIX. 

Ryre, Edward, linen draper, 81, LV. 


Falcon Court, Temple, 40. 

Fan maker, 47, 64. 

Fan and Dove, The, 47. 

Farr, George, grocer, 77, XX XVIII. 

Fawson, Richard, woollen draper, 91, CI. 

Feather bed maker, 47. 

Feathers, The, Pall Mall, 70, XIII. 

Fell monger and leather dresser, 44, 47. 

Fencing masters, 36, 45. 

Figg, James, prizefighter, 11, 57, 63. 

Finsbury Square, 27, 79. 

Fire buckets, leather, maker of, 90, 
XCIITI. 


98 LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Fire engine maker, 19, 48, 75, XX XI. 

Fire in Cornhill (1748), 48, 75. 

Fire of London, 14, 78, 87, 89. 

Firework maker, 47, 48. 

Fish, The ti (illus.), 48. 

Fish (shell) warehouse, 58. 

Fishermen, 36. 

Fish-hook maker, 54. 

Fishing-tackle maker, and shops, ii 
(Gallus.), 17; 23,48, 54. 

Fitlery engtaver, 37. 

Flaming Sword, Ye, St. Paul’s Church- 
yard, 11. 

Flasks, Two, Three Jars and, 80. 

Flax dresser, 48. 

Fleece, Golden, 12, 85, 91, 91 (illus.), CI. 

Fleet Bridge, ii (illus.). 

Fleet Ditch, Holborn, 43, 72. 

Fleet Street, 21, 40,)43, 48) 44, 66,71, 
Si) X VEN 

Floor cloth painter, 48. 

Flude, John, pawnbroker, 28, 85, 
LXXI. 

Foal, The Ass and, 73, XXV. 

Fogg, Robert, tea dealer, 89, XC. 

Fore Street, 50. 

Forsaith, Samuel, trunk maker, 90, 
PAGE 

Fougeron, engraver, 71, XIV. 

Fountain pens, 44, 52. 

Pour eCopasye (Lae, 
XCVII. 

Fourdrinier, engraver, 6, 37. 

Fourteen Stars, The, 16. 

Fox, The, Budge Row, 54. 

Prame maker, 13; 23,48, 57, 76,4 & OL 
XX XIII. 

Franks Collection, British Museum, 72, 
74> 75> 77> 80, 83, 88. 

French Horn and Violin, The, Fleet St., 54. 

Fribourg and Treyer, snuff dealers, 59. 

Fribourg, James, snuff dealer, 59. 

Frith Street, Soho, 27. 

Frock Shop, 48, 64, 76, XXXIV. 

Frying Pan, Ye, 41, 68, III. 

Fuhrlong, cabinet maker, 41. 

Furrier, 48. 


Southwark, 91 : 


Gaiter maker, 59; see also spatterdash 
maker. 

Gamble, Ellis, goldsmith, 49, 64, 76, 
XXXV. 

Garrick, Mrs., 2, 4. 

Garter, Order of the, 16. 

Gate, Bull and, 90. 

Gaucheron, Mathw., clockmaker, 71, 
XIV. 

Gaywood, portrait by, Io. 

Gedge, linen draper, 28. : 

George I, 18; arms of, 68; costume, 31, 
35, 81. 

George II, arms of, 70; costume, 32, 35. 

George III, 20; arms of, 80; costume, 
52535 

George, Saint, 20. 

George Inn, West Smithfield, 77. 

George Yard, Lombard Street, 78, 79. 

George and Vulture Inn, Lombard St., 79. 

Gerard, John, garden of, Hatton 
Garden, 83. 

Gibbons, Thomas, peruke maker, 85, 
LXXIV. 

Gibbs, James, architedt, 83. 

Gilders, 23. 

Giles, hatter, 51. 

Gill and Johnson, hatters, 51. 

Girdler, 20. 

Glass blower’s furnace, 70. 

Glass painter and glass painting, 10. 

Glasshouse Street, 51. 

Glauber, head of, on chemists’ signs, 
ai) One 

Glenny, hosier, 52. 

Glover, 41, 68. 

Goldbeater, 17, 49. 

Golden Anchor, The, Strand, 82, LXII. 

Golden Angel, The, Cranbourne Street, 
49, 64, 76, XXXV. 

Golden Ball, Ye, 66; Cranbourne Alley, 
47, 64, 75; Windmill Street, 57, 86, 
LXXVIII. 

Golden Broom, The, Grosvenot Mews, 
gle pee. OL. 

Golden Cup, The, Litchfield Street, Soho, 
AO, 65, 67, Prone 


INDEX 99 


Golden Dish, Paternoster Row, 56. 

Golden Fan and Crown, Ye, Tavistock 
Street, 64. 

Golden Fleece, The, Marylebone Street, 
Peo eet Xes LI: St. Paul’s Church- 
yard, 91, 91 (illus.), CI. 

Golden Hammer, The, 49. 

Golden Head, The, Panton St., 12, 70, XI. 

Golden Key, Prescott Street, 90, XCIV. 

Golden Lace Hat, The, Glasshouse St., 


51. ; 
Golden Pole, The, Whitecross Street, 54. 
Golden Square, 46, 60, 65, 69, 85, 86. 
Golden Tobacco Roll, The, Panton St., 66. 
Goldsmith, Oliver, 87. 

Secismitn; 11, 20, 23, 49, 64, 65, 
Boe 77, tront., XX XV, XXXVI, 
XXXVII. 

Goldsmiths’ Company, arms of, 67. 

Goldsmiths’ shops, and Cheapside, 83. 

Goodman’s Fields, 15, 90. 

Gordon, fan maker, 64. 

Goss, C. W. F., collection of, 68. 

Goswell Street, 84, LX VIII. 

Gracechurch Street, 28, 85, 91, LX XI. 

Grand Hotel, Strand, 15, note. 

Grasse Street, see Gracechurch Street. 

Gratious Street, see Gracechurch St. 

Gray’s Inn Passage, 42. 

Grayhur, engraver, 85, LX XIII. 

Great Bell Alley, Coleman Street, 59. 

Great Bridge Street, Westminster, 82, 
Lox, 

Great Fire of London, 14, 87, 89; and 
Mark Lane, 78. 

Great Marlborough Street, 60. 

Great Newport Street, 56. 

Great Portland Street, 13, 76, XX XII. 

Great Prescott Street, 15. 

Great Pulteney Street, 60. 

Great Shere Lane, Temple Bar, 70. 

Great Turnstile, Holborn, 16. 

Greek Street, Soho, 27, 43. 

Green, Robert, undertaker, 91, XCVII. 

Gresham Street, 89. 

Gribelin, engraver, 37. 

Gridiron, emblem of St. Lawrence, 20. 


H3 


Grocer, 24::49, 77, 78, 80, SX VIL, 
», 0.24 B.C e.4 ie 

Grosvenor Mews, Berkeley Square, 70. 

Grosvenor Row, Chelsea, 68. 

Guildhall Library, 75. 

Guilds, arms of, 19. 

Gunsmith, 24, 49, 50. 

Gunter, confectioner, 72. 

Gutter Lane, 77. 

Gyles, Henry, glass painter, ro. 


Haberdasher of hats, 38, 79. 

Haberdashets, 2, 20, 23, 50, 78, 79, 
XLI, XLII, XLII; origin of term, 79. 

Habit warehouse, 73, XXII. 

Hackney men, jo. 

Halberd, Ye, Princes Street, 11, 58. 

Hammer, as pewterer’s ‘touch,’ 86. 

Hammer, The Golden, 49. 

Hancock, engraver, 37. 

Hand family, the, and Royal Bun 
House, 63, 68, V. 

Hand and Bible, The, Chester, to. 

Hand and Penn, The, Russell Street, 79, 
XLII. 

Hand and Scales, The, Queen Street, 
Watling Street, 87, LX X XIIp; Maiden 
Lane, 87, LX X XIIa. 

Hand and Sheers, The, The Borough, 46. 

Harding, Robert, ironmonger, 52. 

Hardy, William, goldsmith, 49, 65. 

Harlequin and Pierrot, 44. 

Harmonisers of musical instruments, 36. 

Harness maker, 50. 

Harp Alley, Shoe Lane, 15. 

Harp and Crown, Ye, Cheapside, 54. 

Harp string maker, 50. 

Harp, teacher of, 53. 

Harrison, tobacconist, 66. 

Hart Street, Crutched Friars, 78. 

Hart, The White, 72. 

Harvey, bookseller, 4o. 

Hat, Bonnet and Stay, The, Fore Street, 50. 

Hat, The Golden Lace, 51. 

Hatt, The Black Boy and, 79. 

Platters 1752s) 30 SM et O maha e 705 
X LEV LV. 


I0o 


Hatton Garden, 78, 83. 

Hatton House, gardens of, 83. 

Hautboy and 2 Flutes, The, Bride Lane 
Court, 54. 

Hawkes, Jeremiah, metcer, 4. 

Haymarket, 44, 49, 59, 65, 82, LX. 

Head, The Golden, 7o. 

Heads, on trade signs, 19, 21, 70, 80, 81, 
02,183, 85, 01, hab eV Le 
LVI, LVI, LXVI,LXXV,LXXVII, 
LXXXVIII. 

Heal Colle&ion of Trade Cards, 67, 
forenote. 

Hedge Lane (Whitcomb Street), 80. 

Helmet Court, Strand, 54. 

Henley, John, mercer, 82. 

Flenry and ffrancis, The, 59. 

Herald and house painter, 51. 

Heraldry, 4, 10, 18. 

Herbal, Gerard’s, 83. 

Highlander, figure of, and tobacconists, 


ee 

High Street, St. Giles’s, 13, 67, II. 

Hodgkin, J. Eliot, collection of, 10; 
on trade cards, 37; Rariora, 11, 36, 
703.7 35289: 

Hodgson, Peter, woollen draper, 91, C. 

Hog Lane (Royal Mint Street), 85. 

Hogarth, Mary and Ann (frock shop), 
48, 64, 76, XXXIV. 

Hogarth, William, his trade card as 
engraver, 47, 75, XXX; trade cards 
by, 6, 11, 13, 27, 37, 49, 57, 63-66, 
66 (illus.), 67, 68, 76, 80, Front., V, 
WI, XXX XXXIV ROY RR 
effigy of, 21; as sign-painter, 15, 66. 

Hogarth Head and Dial, The, Salisbury 
Cour 25. 

Holborn, viii (illus.), 9, 14, 16, 27, 42, 
43, 72, 79, 81, 83, 87, 88, 90, 
POLLY see IV LS Cy cate oes 
LXXXVII, XCVI. 

Holborn Bridge, 71, XVIII. 

Holborn Viadu&, 27. 

Holt, Mrs., Italian warehouseman, 12, 
19, 65, 80, XLIX. 

Honey warehouse, Piccadilly, 51. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Hoop maker, 51. 

Horse snuff-mill, 77, XX XVIII. 

Horwood’s plan of London, 78. 

Hose truck maker, go. 

Hosiers, 20, 24, 51) (§2,) gouemaday ee 
ALVIL 

Houndsditch, 69, 71, IX, XVI. 

House painter, 51. 

Houses, see numbering of. 

Howard, Robert, tinman, 89, XCI. 

Hoy, Richard, honey warehouse, 51. 

Hummums, The, Covent Garden, 73, 
2. GENE 

Hungerford Market, Strand, 84, LXX. 

Hunt, John, nightman, 84, LX VIII. 

Huntley, S., linen draper, 28. 


Iles, Joel, oilman, 26, 81. 

Indian King, Holborn, 83, LXIII. 

Indian Queen, West Smithfield, 82, LXI. 

¥ >» Old, Sai 

Indigo dealer, 52. 

‘Industry and Indolence,’ Long Acte, 90, 
DADEP 

Ingrossers, 36. 

Initials used in trade signs, 16, 87, 
LPO. BS & 

Inns and innkeepers, 52, 65; and Stage- 
coaches, 28. 

Insley, W., Sedan chair maker, 88, 
LXXAUL 

Instrument maker, scientific, 24, 52, 53, 
54, 80, XLVIII. 

Instrument maker, musical, 8 (illus.), 
255535, $4- 

Insurance companies, badges of, 19, 75, 
XXXiI. 

Interior views of shops on trade cards, 
27, 33 (illus.), Front., XXXIV, LU, 
LUI, LXIX; LXXVie 

Ireland, A. M., engraver, 64, 65, 76, 80, 
XXX Vy MEI 

Ireland, John, engraver, 11, 63, 64, 66. 

Ireland, Samuel, engraver, 49, 63, 64, 
65, 753 76, 77, 80; eee eee 

Ireland, W. H., 63. 

Ironmongers, 17, 52, III. 


INDEX 


Italian watrehouseman, 12, 19sa5 2neG5, 
$0, XK EIX. 
Itinerant printseller, 52. 


Jackson’s Habit Warehouse, Tavistock 
pineet..73, x XII. 

James II, trade card of reign of, 11, 69, 
IX; and the King’s Bagnio, 11, 40; 
costume, 30, 34. 

James, Doéor, quack, 86, LX XIX. 

Japanner, 52. 

Jarr, The China, 89, XC. 

Jars, Three, and Two Flasks, 80. 

Javelin throwing, teacher of, 4o. 

Jefferis, pin-maker, 86, LX XVII. 

Jefferys, E., linen dtaper, 81, 82, LVII. 

Jeffreys, Corbould and, engravers, 67. 

Jermyn Street, 79, XLVI. 

Jessamine Tree, The, Go. 

Jeweller, 12, and see Goldsmith. 

John, Saint, the Eagle of, 20. 

Johnson, Herbert, hatter, 51. 

Johnson, Jno., musical instrument 
maker, 54. 

Johnson, William, peruke maker, 85, 
LXXIII. 

Jolly, Alexander, cutler, 44. 

Jolly Sailor, The, St. Giles’s, 71, XVII; 

Jones, James, dairyman, 39. 

Jukes, John, japanner, 52. 


Kenrick, John, pewterer, 86, LX XVI. 

Kensington, Boarding School at, 88, 
LXXXIV. 

Kettle, as ironmonger’s sign, 17. 

Key, Golden, 90, XCIV. 

Kilgour and Cumine, grocets, 65, 80. 

King, Indian, 83, LXIII. 

King Street, Covent Garden, 27, 81, LII. 

King’s Arms, The, Chelsea, 63, 68, V; 
Little Britain, 64, 76, XXXIV. 

King’s Armes and Beaver, Ye, Exchange 
Alley, 79, XLV. 

King’s Bagnio, The, Long Acte, 11, 40. 

King’s, or Soho, Square, 26. 

Kingston, Surrey, 21. 

Kippiax, William, fellmonger, 44. 


Io! 


Kirk, T., painter and engraver, 37, 88, 
or, LXXXV, CI. 

Kirkall, engraver, 37. 

Kitchin, T., engraver, 86, LX XIX. 

Knaves’ Acre, Golden Squate, 4, 69, VII. 

Knight, Mary, and Son, fishing-tackle 
maker, 48. 


Lace Hat, The Golden, 51. 
Laceman, 53, 78, XLI. 
Lackington, Allen and Co., booksellers, 


rag 

La Croix, tobacconist, 66, 66 (illus.). 

La Fontaine, Peter de, goldsmith, 
bio G5 ..07,-70,.Pront. 

Lamb and Black Spread Eagle, The, 
Strand, 83, LXIV. 

Lamb and Dolphin, The, 16. 

Lamb and Star, The, Houndsditch, 71, 
6h 

Lamplighter, 26, 53, 81, L, LI. 

Landscape painter, 53. 

Land surveyor, 64, 66. 

Langlois, Peter, cabinet maker, 41. 

Lantern maker, 53. 

Lapidary, 53. 

Larken, engraver, 75, XX XI. 

Larwood and Hotten’s History of Sign- 
boards, 14, 16, 555 74, 795 91- 

Laughing Painter, Ye, Cross Coutt, 57. 

Lawrence Lane, Cheapside, 20. 

Lawrence, St., and girdlers, 20. 

Law Coutts, 70; and see Temple Bar. 

Law, dentist, 13, 74, XX VI. 

Leadenhall Street, 28. 

Leather-dresser, 47. 

Leather pipe and bucket maker, 53. 

Leather-seller, 44. 

Lee, Richard, tobacconist, 66. 

Leg and Seven Stars, The, 16. 

Leg and Star, The, 16. , 

Leg, Ye, Holborn, 14, 91, XCIX. 

Legg, Robert, upholsterer, 14, 91, 
x GLX: 

Leicester Fields, 49, 64, 66, 73, 76, 
XXIV, XXXV. 

Leicester Square, 28, 88. 


LO? 


Lem, William, ship broker, 88, LX X XV. 

Lettering of Trade Cards, 4, 7, 11, 13. 

Libraries, 27, 28, 29 (illus.), 81, LII. 

Lighterman, 53. 

Linen drapers, 28, 78, 81, 83, LIII, LIV, 
LYS LVISLVIL 

Lingley, William, nightman, 551 

Lion, the, emblem of St. Mark, 20. 

Litchfield Street, Soho, 49, 65,67, Front. 

Little Britain, 64, 84, 90, LXIX, XCV. 

Little Britain Gate, 64, 76, XXXIV. 

Little Newport Street, 47, 64, 75, XXX. 

Little Russell Street, Drury Lane, 15. 

Little Theatre, The, No. 12, Haymarket, 
65. 

Lloyd, Sibella, haberdasher, 78, XLII. 

Locksmiths, 20. 

Loft, Mr., dancing master, 45. 

Lombard Street, 11, 65, 74, 78, X XVIII, 
XLII; revival of old signs, 17. 

London Assurance Insurance Company, 
badge of, 75, XX XI. 

London Bridge, old houses on, 56, 86. 

London, city of, arms, 109. 

London Museum, 28. 

Long Acre, 11, 15/7 40,72, oom x. 
XCII. 

Longmate, engraver, 37, 80, XLVIII. 

Long Walk, the, Christ’s Hospital, 76, 
XXXIV. 

Lotteries, 36, 51. 

Loudon, David, bun baker, 27, 63,68, VI. 

Lower Serle’s Place, later name of 
Shere Lane, 7o. 

Ludgate Street, St. Paul’s, 19. 

Luke, St., the Bull of, 20. 

Lumley, grocer, 77, XX XIX. 

Lunatic keepers, 36. 


Macaroni period, costume, 32; 

Mace, Ye, Lombard Street, 11. 

Machy, engraver, 74, X XVI. 

McMurray, John, publisher, 4o. 

Mahomet, Sake Deen, shampooing 
surgeon, 58. 

Maidenhead, The, Bow, 47, 74, XXIX. 

Maiden Lane, Wood Street, 87. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Man-midwife, 53. 

Mantua makers, 53. 

Manual-engine maker, 75, XX XI. 

Mapseller, 21. 

Marchi, John, Italian warehouseman, 
65, 80. 

Mark Lane, 77. 

Mark, Saint, Lion of, 20. 

Martin, Saint, and printers and book- 
sellets, 20. 

Marylebone Gardens, 47; Lane, 39, 73, 
XXV. 

Marylebone Passage, Oxford Market, 
84, LX VII. 

Marylebone Street, St. James’s, 12, 80 
35, 88, XLV, LXXT UX Xie 

Masefield, paper stainer, 33 (illus.). 

Masonic emblems, 16, 68. 

Masquerier, Mrs., schoolmistress, 88, 
LXXXIV. 

Mathematics, teacher of, 21, 39. 

Mathews, clothier, 19, 71, XVI. 

Matthew, Saint, the Angel of, 20. 

Maypole, in the Strand, 83. 

Menagerties, 53. 

Metcers, 4, 19, 23, 27, 53, 82, 83, LVILI, 
LIX, LX, LXI, LXII, LXII, LXTIv, 
LXV. 

Mercers’ Company, crest of, 74. 

Merchant Taylors Company, arms of, 11. 

Mercier, Dorothy, printseller, 57, 86, 
LXXVIII. 

Merigot, engraver, 66. 

Message card, or shop bill, 3, 63, 75, 
XXX. 

Messenger of Bankruptcy, 53. 

Metal trades, 22. 

Mews, The Royal (Trafalgar Square), 
8 (illus.), 54. 

Middle Row, Holborn, 81, 82, 87, 
LVI, EX Xx 

Milk chocolate, 43. 

Mill maker, 53. 

Milliner, 83, LXVI. 

Milliners’, and Cranbourne Alley, 88. 

Miniaturist, 39. 

Minories, 52. 


> 


INDEX 


Mnemonics, teacher of, 39. 

Moneylendets, trade cards of, 9. 

Monmouth House, Soho Squate, 26, 
Sr, Lt 

Monmouth Street, St. Giles’s, 50, vik 

Montgomery, John, goldsmith, 65. 

Moote, Thomas, hosier, 20, S19 70; 
XLVII. 

Moorfields, gr. 

Moots, or Tawny Moors, 81. 

Morgan, Sylvanus, early trade card of, 
10. | 

Morland, George, as sign-painter, 15. 

Morocco Ambassador’s Head, Lombard 
Street, 65. 

Morris, Edmund, china rivetter, 42. 

Mortis, John, linen draper, 81, LIV. 

Mottis, Margaret, at The Three Angels, 
Lombard Street, 78. 

Morrison, engraver, 37, 80, XLVII. 

Mottram, painter, 47. 

Mount Mill, Goswell Road, 84. 

Murray, John, publisher, 4o. 

Musical instruments, harmonisers of, 
36; maker of, 8 (illus.), 25, 53, 54. 

Musician, 54. 

Music master, 45, 53. 

Music-pricking, 54. 

Mustard maker, 54. 


Nail operator and corn cutter, 43. 

Nassau, arms of, 18. 

Naval affairs, Agent in, 39. 

Navy, Royal, 61. 

Needle and fish-hook maker, 54. 

Negri, D., confectioner, 72, XX. 

Negti and Gunter, confeétioners, 72. 

Negri and Wetten, confectioners, 72. 

Newbery, John, publisher, 86, 87, 
LXXIX. 

New Bond Street, 27, 28, 51, 72, 80, 89, 
aC. 

Newgate, 69; Newgate Street, 51, 55. 

Newham and Thresher, hosiers, 52. 

Newport Street, see Great, and Little. 

Newton, Sir Isaac, 80, XLVIII; efligy 
Ore: 


103 


Nightman, 25, 36, 42, 54, 55, 84, 
LXVI, LXVIII. 

Noble, Francis (circulating library), 27, 
81, LIT. 

Norman, Philip (London Signs and 
Inscriptions), V, 14, 51. 

Norris Street, Haymarket, 82, LX. 

Norton Folgate, 81, LIV. 

‘Norwich Artist, The’ (Eldridge), 21, 57. 

Notary public, 55. 

Nourse, Edward, mercer, 82, LVIII. 

Noyes, hatter, 50. 

Numbering of houses, 12, 13, teh 
LSe(note)s°27, 00. 

Nuns and drapers, 82. 

Nuns, Three, 82, LIX. 

Nursetymen, 55. 

Nutners Street, Holborn, viii (illus.), 42. 

Nutting, Joseph, engraver, 89, 
LXXXVIII. 


Oculists, 36, 

Olan: 2 5H2G8s5,:81, ul 

O/d Black Boy, The, Norton Folgate, 81, 
LIV. 

Old Change, Cheapside, 54, 55. 

Old Collier and Cart, The, Fleet Ditch, 
rp OS ANAL 

Old Compleat Angler, The, Crooked 
Lane, 48. 

Old Indian Queen, The, Hatton Garden, 
83, LXV. 

Old Street, 40. 

Olive Posts, The Two, Strand, 12, 80, 
AX 

Olive Tree, as sign for Italian ware- 
housemen, 80. 

Opticians, 9. 

Original Good Woman, The, St. Giles’s,5 5. 

Orris cleaner and scowrer, 41. 

Orton, Peter, linen draper, 81, LVI. 

Osborn, Robert, ship-master, 59. 

Otway’s Head, King Street, 27, 81, LII. 

Outer Temple, 40. 

Oxford Market, Marylebone, 84, 
LXVII. 

Oxford Road, 57, 63. 


104 


Oxford Street, 39, 74, X XVII. 
Oyster Girl, The, Charles Street, Soho, 58. 


P ack Horse and Fustian Roll, 46. 

Padusoys, 4. 

Page, engraver, 29 (illus.). 

Page, George, undertaker, 91, 

Paget, Charles, hatter, 79, XLIV. 

Painter (house), 51; decorative, 47. 

Pall Mall, 13, 49, 51, 59, 66, 70, 74, 
XII, XX VI. 

Panton Street, Haymarket, 66, 70, XI. 

Paper-stainer and engraver, 33 (illus.), 
$55) ode LO? 

Papier Machée Manufactory, the Strand, 
33 (illus.). 

Paracelsus, efligy of, 21. 

Paternoster Row, 56. 

Patten, Henry, razor-maker, 87, LX XX. 

Patten maker, 44, 55. 

Patten and Crowne, The, Fleet Street, 71, 
aye 

Paulin, Thomas, haberdasher, 19, 78. 

Paul’s-Grave-Head-Court, Temple Bar, 
12: 

Pavior, 56; sign for, by Hogarth, 66. 

Pawnbroker, 17, 28, 85, LX XI. 

Payne, George, hosier, 51. 

Payne, Thomas, tallow chandler, 89, 
LXXXIX. 

Peacock, The, 52, 62. 

Pearl, The Crown and, 77. 

Pearson, Matthew, haberdasher, 2, 78, 
LT: 

Pedometer makers, 36. 

‘Peerless Pool,’ The, Old Street, 4o. 

Pen makers, 57. 

Penn, The Hand and, 79, XL{1. | 

Pepysian Library, Magdalene College, 
Cambridge, 11. 

Perfumers 12,°255:85), DX XU: 

Pergolesi, 76, XX XII. 

Peruke, Blew and White, 85, LX XIV. 

Petuke;: makets, 25;-30,9567 o3s7s soy 
PER. 

Peter, Charles, surgeon, 21, 89, 
LXXXVIII. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Peter, Saint, and locksmiths, 20. 

Pewterers, 56; 61, 85, 8Gsicieeee 
LXXVI. 

Pewterers’ Company, 85, 86. 

Phipps and Henley, metcers, 82. 

Phenix and Locks of Hair, The, 56. 

Picard, John, scale-maker,87,LX XXII. 

Piccadilly, 49, 51. 

Pickett, Thomas, brazier,19,41,52,68, III. 

Pidgons, The Rainbow and 3,74, XXVIII. 

Pimlico Road, 69. 

Pinchbeck, C., Senr., clockmaker, 21, 43. 

Pinchbeck’s Head, Fleet Street, 43. 

Pine, J., engraver and printseller, 21. 

Pineapple, emblem of confectioners, 72, 
XxX. 

Pineapple, The, Berkeley Square, 43, 72, 
XX , 


Pineapple, The Pot and, 72. 

Pinmakers, 56, 86, LX XVII. 

Pinmakers’ Company, arms of, 19, 
LX XVII. 

Pipe borer, 57; pipe maker, 56. 

Pistol and C., The, 16, 58. 

Pi§tol and L., The, Drury Lane, 16, 58, 87, 
LXXXI. 

Place, Francis, mezzotinter, 10. 

Plaster of Paris figure maker, 56. 

Poets, effigies of, 21. 

Point, The Royal, 78, XLI. 

Poleman, 25, 55, 56. 

Pompeii, trade panels at, 14. 

Ponsonby (Hon. Gerald) Collection, 70, 
82. 

Pontet, snuff dealer, 59. 

Poole, tobacconist, 61. 

Pope, Alexander, the Dunciad, 83. 

Pope’s Head Alley, 44. 

Porch House, Holborn, 9. 

Pork man, 56. 

Porter (Covent Garden), 44. 

Porter and dwarf, figures of, with 
figure of Charles II, 51. 

Portrait painter, 39, 53. 

Portraits, 19, 21, 89, LX XXVIII. 

Posts, The Two Olive, 80. 

Potand Pineapple, The,Berkeley Square,72. 


INDEX 


Potter, 56. 

Potter, James, breeches maker, 68, IV. 

Prescott Street, Goodman’s Fields, 90, 
XCIV. 

Press-maker and turner, 56. 

Price, F. G. Hilton, 14, 78, 87, 90. 

Prince Regent, Bard to the, 53. 

Princes Street, 11. 

Printer, The Callico, 69, IX. 

Printers, 20; the maidenhead a sign for, 
74, SLX. 

Printseller, 13, 21, 25, 28, 52, 57, 67, 86, 
LXXVIII. ; 

Prizehphter, 11, 36, 57, 63. 

Publishers, 40, 67, 86. 

Pulteney Street (Knave’s Acre), 69, VII. 

Pump maker, 57. 

Punch makers (engravers’), 47, 64. 

Pye, engraver, 37. 


Quack, 20,21, 36, 57; 86, LX XIX. 

Quarterstaff, lessons in the use of, 57. 

Queen Charlott’s Head, Cheapside, 83, 
LXVI. 

Queen Elizabeth's Head, St. Paul’s, 19. 

Queen Elizabeth, The Statue of, Tavistock 
Street, 19. 

Queen, Indian, 82, 83, LXI, LXV. 

Queen’s Arms, The, St. Paul’s Church- 
yard, 54. 

Queen Street, Soho, 26, 81. 

Queen Street, Watling Street, 87, 
LXX XII. 

Quill and Pen-makers, 57. 


R ainbow and 3 Pidgons, The, St.Clement’s 
Lane, 74, XXVIII. 

Ram Inn, Cirencester, 65. 

Rasp and Crown, The, Haymarket, 59. 

Ratcatcher, 57. 

Ratcliffe Highway, 48, 49, 65, 75, XX XI 

Raven, Ye Whale and, 48. 

Ravenet, engraver, 81, LII. 

Ray and Lumley, grocers, 77, XX XIX. 

Raymond, John, goldsmith, 77, 
XXXVI. 

Raynolds, James, haberdasher,79,XLIII. 


105 


Razor maker, 16, 44, 58, 87, LXXX, 
LXXXI. 

Rebuses, on trade signs, 14, 91, XCIX. 

Red M. and Dagger, The, Pope’s Head 
Alley, 16, 44, 58. 

Red Lion, emblem of, 21. 

Red Lion Square, 42. 

Regent Street, 80, 82. 

Richard I, badge of, 72, XIX. 

Richards, Daniel, stationer, 27, 88, 89, 
LXXXVII. 

Richardson, John, grocer, 78, XL. 


Richardson, John, trussmaker, 90, 
XCIV. 

Rigg, John, cupper, 73, X XIII. 
Roberts, Timby,  scale-maker, 87, 
LXXXIIb. 


Roberts, William, hosier, 79, XLVI. 

Robertson, Archibald, printseller, 28. 

Rocking-horse maker, 38, 58. 

Rodwell, James, upholsterer, 91, 
XCVIII. 

Rose, The, as ‘touch’? or mark, 86, 
LXXV. 

Rosemary Lane, 4, 85, LX XIV. 

Ross, frame maker, 13, 76, XX XII. 

Rotherhithe, 86. 

Round Court, 76, XX XIII. 

Round Court, New, Strand, 83, LXIV. 

Royal Academy, Pall Mall, 66. 

Royal Arms, 18, 68, 70, 79, 80, V, XII, 
ALVSEXLVIE 

Royal Bed and Star, The, Moorfields, gl, 
ACVITE 

Royal Bun House, Chelsea, 68, 69,V, VI. 

Royal Effigies, 19, 20, 83. 

Royal Exchange, 10, 85, LX XIII. 

Royal Exchange Insurance Company, 
107713; oe 

Royal Mint Street, 85. 

Royal Point, The, Tavistock Street, 2, 78, 
XL 

Rubbish carter, 54. 

Rumball, Whitehead, mercer, 82, LXII. 

Russell Court, Drury Lane, 87, LX X XI. 

Russell Street, Covent Garden, 16, 79> 
XLII. 


106 


Ryall and Withy, booksellers, 21. 
Ryder and Nicklin, mercers, 82, LXI. 


Saddlers’ Company, 25. 

Sailor, The Jolly, 71. 

St. Albans Street, Pall Mall, 13, 74, 
XXVI. 

St. Andrew’s, Holborn, Parish of, 88; 
Church, 9, 27, 88, LX X XVII. 

St. Ann-in-the-Willows, Aldersgate, 89. 

St. Ann’s Lane, Aldersgate (Gresham 
Street), 89, LX X XIX. 

St. Ann’s, Soho, 26. 

St. Bartholomew’s Cloisters, 82, 
XXXIV, LXI. 

St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, 76. 

St. Clement’s Lane, 74, X XVIII. 

St. Dunstan’s, Fleet Street, 4o, 71, XV. 

St. George’s Row, Oxford Street, 39, 
74. NW LL 

St. Giles-in-the-Fields, 13, 50, 55, 67, 
yh RAY Bes 

St. James’s, 49, 66, 66 (illus.), 88, LX, 
LXXXITII- market, $2;" Palaces 43; 
Street, 40. 

St. John Street, 28, 29 (illus.). 

St. Luke’s, Old Street, 40. 

St. Margaret’s Hill, Southwark, 27, 91, 
XCVII. 

St. Martin’s Court, Leicester Fields, 73, 
XXIV. 

St. Martin’s Lane, 21, 89, LX XXVIII. 

St. Martin’s-le-Grand, 76, XX XIII. 

St. Mary-le-Strand, 83, LXII. 

St. Paul’s Churchyard, 11, 19, 54, 67, 
Go, 81,, 868 %90,2017 bv TIT, eae 
Lxexik XC. 

St. Peter-in-Cheap, site of, 77. 

Saints, effigies of, 20. 

Sake Deen Mahomet, 58. 

Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, 21. 

Salmon, mercer, 82. 

Sandby Paul, 39, 74; trade card with 
aquatint by, 28. 

Sandby, T., Junr., drawing master, 74, 
XX VII. 

Sandby, William, bookseller, 40. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Saull, John, and Pontet, snuff dealers, 59. 

Savile Row Passage, 28. 

Saw and Crown, The,Holborn, 87, LX XX. 

Scale-makers, 25, 58, 87), tues 
LX XXIIs. 

Scales, Ye Hand and, 87. 

Scattergood, Thomas, 
LXXV. 

Scattergood, Thomas, Junr., pewterer, 
86. 

Schiavonetti, engraver, 37. 

Schoolmistress, 88, LX XXIV. 

Schoonjans, Anthonie, painter, 89, 
LXXXVIII. 

Scientific instrument makers, 9, 21, 24. 

Scientists, effigies of, 21. 

Scotland and Royal Arms, 18. 

Scots Holland Warehouse, 20. 

Scott, Henry, nurseryman, 55. 

Scott, Sir Wm., see Stowell. 

Scriveners, 25, 79. 

Seago, J., printseller, 13, 67, II. 

Second-hand clothiers, 71. 

Sedan chair maker, 58, 88, LX XXIII. 

Seminaries, 38, 39. 

Sergeants at Mace, 36, 58. 

Seven Dials, St. Giles’s, 71, XIV. 

Seven Stars, The, Norris Street, 82, LX. 

Seven Stars of the Pleiades, a masonic 
emblem, 16. | 

Severn, Richard, jeweller, 12. 

Shakespeare’s Head, Little Russell Street, 
Drury Lane, 15. 

Shears, The, Little Lombard Street, 11. 

Sheer, or Shire Lane (Great Shere 
Lane), Temple Bar, 70, X. 

Shell fish warehouse, 58. 

Sheraton, Thomas, 41, 46. 

Sherborne, engraver, 19, 37. 

Sherwin, engraver, 37. 

Ship, The, Outer Temple, 4o. 

Ship broker, 59, 88, LXXXV. 

Ship master, 59. 

Shoe Lane, 15, 73, X XI. 

Shoemaker, 20, 25) 40,00 n us oumeae 
ED. BO. 6 

Shoemaker Row, Aldgate, 68, IV. 


pewterer, 85, 


INDEX 


Shoes, Angel and Three, 88, LXXXVI. 

Shops, old fronts and shop scenes 
depicted on trade cards, 26, 27, 28, 29, 
Roueeee OG, Front,, VI, XXXIV, 
iL, LXIX, LXXI, LXXVIII. 

Short, John, woollen draper, 11. 

Shot maker, 59. 

Siddall, Richard, chemist, 12, 70, XI. 

Siddall and Swann, chemists, 70. 

Sidgier, Henry, carpenter, 7o, X. 

Signboards and trade signs, 2, 4, 11, 12, 
I4-I7, 22-25, 36-62, 66, 74. 

Sign painters, 15, 17, 66, 73. 

Silk thrower, 59. 

Silversmith, 23, 28. 

Simon, Old, of St. Giles’s, 13. 

Simons, James, instrument maker, 80, 
XLVI. 

Single Crown, Ye, Leadenhall Street, 28. 

Skeleton seller, 38, 59. 

Skinner, 59. 

Skinner, engraver, 37. 

Skinners’ Company, arms of, 25, 44. 

Sloane, Sir Hans, his milk chocolate, 43. 

Slop makers (second-hand clothiers), 22, 
eet; 5, 4 VIL. 

Small, Thomas, haberdasher, 20. 

Smith, James, artificial-eye maker, 21. 

Smith, James, innkeeper, 65. 

Smith, John, printseller, 21. 

Smith (trade), 59. 

Smithfield Bars, 89, XCI; West Smith- 
Hemi, 77.182, AX X VIL, LX. 

Smithson,George,undertaker,g0, XCVI. 

Smoak, Jack, Ye, 41. 

Snow and Denne, bankers, 4o. 

Snowdon, John, shoemaker, 88, 
LXXXVI. 

Snuff dealers, 59. 

Soho, 26, 43, 44, 46, 49, 65, 67, 68, 81, 
Pront., Ti LI. 

Soho Square, 26, 57, 58. 

Solsull, engravers’ punch maker, 64. 

Somerset House, §2. 

South Sea House, 
LXXV. 

Southwark, 27, 46, 53, 91, XCVII. 


Bishopsgate, 85, 


107 


Sow gelder, 57. 

Spatterdash maker, 38, 40, 59. 

Spatterdashes, The 3, Exeter Change, 
Strand, 59. 

Speratis, sc hatter, 51. 

Spread Eagle » Lamb and Black, 83, LXIV. 

Squibb’s Auction Rooms, Savile Row 
Passage, 28. 

Squirrels, live, as trade sign, 79. 

Stage waggons, 59. 

Stampe, Jacob, calico printer, 69, IX. 

Star, The, Pall Mall, 49. 

Star, The Beaver and, Strlles Sars Os 

Star, The Lamb and, 71, XVI. 

Stars used as signs or emblems, 16, 21. 

Stars, Seven, 82, LX. 

Stationer, 25,27, 60,68, LX XX VII; 

Stationers Armes, The, to. 

Stationers’ Company, 25, 67, 89. 

Stent, engraver, 37, 89, LXX XIX. 

Stent, Eliz. Barton, turner, 90, XCV. 

Stocks Market, Lombard Street, Lys 

Stone, nightman, 54. 

Storey, Elizabeth, Nett mee 78, 
LAL: 

Stork, mark of Kenrick, pewterer, 86. 

Stowell, Baron, and ‘interment in iron,’ 
G2: 

Stow Grate, The, Minories, 52. 

Strand, the, 12,14, 15 (note), 33 (illus.), 
AORU§ 25545) 1905s sOy ee, yo 5.n Od, 
WIS ais REL AV 

Straw hats, 31. 

Street numbering, see numbering of 
houses. 

Street scenes on trade cards, 4, 26. 

Streets peculiar to particular trades, 14, 
83, 86, 88. 

Sun, The, St. Paul’s Churchyard, 81, LII. 

Sun, Bible and, 86, LX XIX. 

Sun Insurance Company, badge of, 19, 
75 eo, 

Sun Tavern Fields, Ratcliff Highway, 
49, 65. 

Surflen (bathing machine proprietor),39. 

Surgeon and Empiric, 9, 21, 39, 60, 89, 
LXXXVIII. 


108 


Surgical instruments, 16. 

Sussex Street, Bedford Square, 4o. 

Sutton, Francis, pump maker, 57. 

Swallow Street, St. James’s, 66. 

Swann, chemist, 70. 

Sweating and Cupping, 44; and see 
Cupper. 

Sweeps, viii (illus.), 36, 42, 70, XII. 

Sword cutler, 39, 50. 

Sympson, J., artist and engraver, 64, 65. 


‘T abart’s Juvenile Library, 28. 

Tabor and Pipe, Helmet Court, Strand, 54. 

Tailors, 6o. 

Tallow chandler, 25, 62, 89, LXX XIX. 

Tallow Chandlers’ Company, 19; arms 
G6 $2.5, 286. 

Tambour maker, 6o. 

Tare, The, 45. 

Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, 2, 4, 
19,164, 73°78 X SILEX LL 

Taylor, Jane, and Son, china and glass 
Sciletss joss (Lt 

Taylor, Robert, The Coventry Cross, 
Southwark, 27. 

Tea Chest, The Chair and, 69, VII. 

Tea dealers, 24, 49, 60, 70; 77,. 89, 
SAAV IT KX XC 

Tea-Tub, Three Sugar Loaves and Crown, 
The, Crutched Friars, 77, XX XIX. 

Teeth, operator of, 45. 

Tempell, Jeane, chimney sweep, viii 
(illus.), 42. | 

Temple Bar, 12, 40, 70. 

Temple of the Muses, Finsbury, 27. 

Theatre, The Little, Haymarket, 65. 

Thorpp, William, bookseller, ro. 

Three Angels, Ye, Cornhill, 63; Lombard 
Street: or Seex tilly 

Three Blue Balls, 17. 

Three Cocks, The, 41. 

Three Cover’d Chairs and Walnut Tree, 
St. Paul’s Churchyard, 69, VIII. 

Three Golden Balls, 17. 

Three Jars and Two Flasks, The, Hay- 
market, 65, 80. 

Three Nuns and a Hare, The, 16. 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Three Nuns and Wheatsheaf, The, West- 
minster, 82, LIX. 

Three Pigeons, The, Cranbourne Alley, 28. 

Three ProteStant Queens, The, Cheapside, 
20. 

Three Squirrels, The, Jermyn Street, 79, 
XLVI. 

Three Sugar Loaves, 77, 78, XX XVIII, 
Xx XLT 

Thresher and Glenny, hosiers, 52. 

Ticket porter, 60. F 

Tin-man, 89, XCI. 

Tobacconist and tobacco shops, 17, 25, 
Go, 61, 66, 66 (illus.); sign of, 81. 

Tobacco papets, 37, 66. 

Tokens, 17. 

Tomez, C., bow and arrow maker, 4o. 

L00 Golding Potts and Bottles, The, Bridge 
Street, 61. 

Tooley Street, 53. 

Tortoiseshell worker, 41, 61. 

Tottenham Court Road, 13, 41. 

Toyman, 12, 25, 43, 61. 

Trade Cards: curiosities in, 36-62; 
dating of, 2; definition and use of, 1; 
development of, 11; early woodcut 
example, 69, IX; earliest English 
catd known, 9; Hogarth cards, 63-66; 
quaint expressions on, 38-62; re- 
prints of, 6; used for accounts, 1, 2, 
61, 69, 71, 72, 78, 80, 88, 90; prior 
to eighteenth century, 9; relation to 
shop signs, 14; Victorian period, 13. 

Trade signs, see Signs. 

Trades confined to particular streets, 
14, 83, 86, 88; obsolete trades, 37, 
38-62; symbolic representation of, 
12; trade emblems, 21; classification 
of, 22-24. 

Treyer, snuff dealer, 59. 

Trigge, Joseph, metcer, 19. 

Tringham, W., engraver, 83, LX VI. 

Truck, Bucket and, 90, XCII. 

Trumpet maker, 8 (illus.). 

Trumpet, Wheatsheaf and, 89, XCI. 

Trumpett and Horne, The, Castall Street, 
8 (illus.), 54. 


INDEX 


Trunk maker, 25, 61, 90, XCII, XCIII. 

Truss maker, 90, XCIV. 

Tuncks, S., artist, 21. 

Turk’s Head, The, 65, 82, LVIII. 

Warners, 20, 25, 56, 61, 90, XCV. 

Turners Arms, The, Little Britain, 90, 
mV 

Turners’ Company, 19, 25. 

Turtle shell worker, 61. 

Turtle, William, breeches maker, 41. 

Iwo Fustian Rolls, Rose and Crown, The, 
Drury Lane, 46. 

Two Olive Posts, Ye, Strand, 12, 19005; 
80, X LIX: 

Tymperon, Edward, razor maker, 16. 


Umbrella maker, 61. 

Undertakers, 22, 61, 62, 90, 91, XCVI, 
XCVII. 

Unicorn and Case of Knives, Compton 
Street, 44. 

Unusual trades, 36, 38-62. 

Upholders’ Company, 22. 

Upholsterer, 14, 22, 62, 66, 91, XCVIII, 
XCIX. 

Ustonson, Onesimus, 
maker, 48. 


fishing-tackle 


Vanloo, ie, artist, 27. 

Vaughn, artist, 29 (illus.). 

Ventriloquists, 36. 

Victoria and Albert Museum Colleéion, 
74, 84, 86. 

Violin and Hautboy, The, Cheapside, 54. 

Violin, Hautboy and German Flute, The, 
St. Paul’s Churchyard, 54. 

Vivares, engraver, 37. 


W addell, Thomas, & Son,colourmen, 55. 
Waggons, stage, 59. 

Wale, Samuel, R.A., 15. 

Walnut Tree, The, Tavern, 69. 

Ward, John, musical instrument maker, 


54. 
Ward and Chandler, booksellers, 40. 
Wardour Street, 46. 


109 


Warner, E., engraver, 87, LX XX. 

Warren, Richard, perfumer, 12, 85, 
LXII. 

Warwick Court, 83, LXIII. 

Warwick Street, St. James’s, 66. 

Watch House, The, Holborn, 42. 

Watch maker, 21, 43. 

Watch papers, 37. 

Watergate Street, Chester, 10. 

Watson, James (Scots Holland wate- 
house), 20. 

Watisp ls cnptayer: 77, SX XIX. 

Wax chandler, 25, 62. 

Weaver, 62. 

Weaver, Tho., pin-maker, 86, LX XVII. 

Webb, B., artist, 80, XLVII. 

Wedgwood, Josiah, potter, 56. 

Wells Street, Oxford M rket, 84, 
LXVII. 

Wendegaynlane, 4. 

West, Benjamin, P.R.A., 74, X XVII. 

West, John, hatter, 50. 

Westminster, 82, LIX. 

Westminster Bridge, 86. 

Wetten and Son, confectioners, 72. 

Weybridge, 55; ‘Seven Dials’ now at, 
whe 

Weymouth and George III, 20. 

Whale and Raven, Ye, Bow Church, 48. 

Whalebone merchant, 62. 

Wheatland, milliner, 83, LX VI. 

Wheatley’s London Past and Present, 
15 (note), 26, 49, 70, 76. 

Wheatsheaf, The, 4; York Street, Covent 
Garden; $1, LV. 

Wheatsheaf, Three Nuns and, 82, LIX. 

Wheatsheaf and Trumpet, The, Smithfield 
Bars, 89, XCI. 

Wheel of St. Catherine, 20. 

Wheeley, James, paper Stainer, 84, 
Lis Oe 

Whitcomb Street, 80. 

White, Edward and John, chocolate 
makers, 43. 

White Bear, The (warehouse), Piccadilly, 


49. 
Whitechapel, 48. 


IIO 


Whitecross Street, 15, 41, 54. 

White Hart couchant, 72, XIX. 

White Hart, The, Long Acte, 72, XIX. 

White Horse Yard, Drury Lane, 46. 

Whittow, Benjamin, copper plate 
maker, 73, X XI. 

Wigmore Street, 39. 

Wildblood, John, dyer, 74, XXVIII. 

Wilkes, engraver, 6. 

Wilkie, John, 67, I. 

William III, arms of, 79, XLV. 

William and Mary, 18; costume, 30, 34. 

William Camden’s Head, Royal Exchange, 
10. 

Williams, 
VOREE 

Windmill Street, Golden Square, 57, 
86, LX XVII; Tottenham Court Road, 
Al. 

Wine merchant, 80. 
Winterton, Lord, his 
Irade’ Gards:v-13G- 

Woad dyer, 62. 

Woman-Chimbley Sweeper, The, Nutnets 
Street, Holborn, viii (illus.), 42. 

Woman, The Good, or Silent, 55. 


Martha, haberdasher, 


78, 


colle&tion of 


LONDON TRADESMEN’S CARDS 


Woman, headless, 55. 

Wood, Thomas, sheriff, 77. 

Woodcuts used for Trade Cards, 11, 69, 
IX. 

Woodifield, engraver, 73, XXII, X XIII. 

Wood’s close, 39. 

Woodward, Jn., pin-maker, 86, 
LXXVII. 

Woodward, William, nightman, 84, 
EavVib 

Woolcombets, 21; patton saint of, 80, 
XLVI 

Woollen draper, 11, 46, 91, C, CI. 

Wool Pack, The, Gracechutch St., 91, C. 

Wool stapler, 62. 

Worm makers, 36. 

Worrall, George, pin-maker, 86, 
LXXVII. 

Wright, coachmaker, 15. 

Wright’s circulating library, 81. 

Writing masters, 9, 25; trade sign of, 79. 

Wylde, W., needle maker, 54. 


Y ates, engtavet, 37. 
York Street, Covent Garden, 81, LV. 

















TT 



































